【考研类试卷】考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编60及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 60 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1._is supposed to be the essence of private enterprise.（分数：2.00）A.CompeteB.CompetitionC.CompetitiveD.Competence2.Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education is one of the most_ ar

2、eas in Japanese life.（分数：2.00）A.sophisticatedB.competitiveC.considerateD.superficial3.Unless my room is warmer tonight, Im going to_ to the hotel manager.（分数：2.00）A.complainB.argueC.blameD.reason4.We _ Edisons success to his intelligence and hard work.（分数：2.00）A.describeB.subjectC.attributeD.refer5.

3、A small child has to learn to keep its _ before it can walk far.（分数：2.00）A.weightB.balanceC.scaleD.stability6.They seem to be _ of all kind feelings for the poor.（分数：2.00）A.bankruptB.unawareC.lackingD.vacant7.I have a number of_to make about this hotel so I wish to see the manager.（分数：2.00）A.claimsB

4、.accusationsC.explanationsD.complaints8.Dont poke your nose into what doesnt _ you.（分数：2.00）A.connectB.relateC.concernD.interest9.Although architecture has artistic qualities, it must also satisfy a number of important practical _.（分数：2.00）A.obligationsB.regulationsC.observationsD.considerations10.W

5、hen the young surgeon had difficulty with a delicate operation, he turned to a (n)_ surgeon for advice.（分数：2.00）A.lawyerB.adviserC.consultantD.consultation11.Arguing about details_many hours of the committees valuable time.（分数：2.00）A.absorbedB.sacrificedC.assimilatedD.consumed12.The price increases

6、were passed on by the firm to none but the _.（分数：2.00）A.clerksB.salesmenC.tradersD.consumers13.The_of coal in that factory is five tons a day.（分数：2.00）A.assumptionB.resumptionC.presumptionD.consumption14.Metals_when cooled and expand when healed.（分数：2.00）A.decreaseB.reduceC.condenseD.contract15.The

7、cells(电池)were designed to _ sunshine to electricity to run a motor.（分数：2.00）A.convertB.alterC.modifyD.exchange16.Reports that the general is to be dismissed are gaining_among government ministers.（分数：2.00）A.accessB.impetusC.currencyD.reception17.Its not safe to carry so much money with you. Youd bet

8、ter_the money in the bank.（分数：2.00）A.investB.depositC.storeD.save18.In a fit of_the sick man killed himself.（分数：2.00）A.expressionB.suppressionC.depressionD.compression19.I have heard many different _ of the same story.（分数：2.00）A.sayingsB.statementsC.commentsD.descriptions20.It doesnt make a bit of_

9、if you are late to my party. I just want you to come.（分数：2.00）A.difficultyB.troubleC.differenceD.sense21.The shopkeeper took off 5 percent _for cash.（分数：2.00）A.decreaseB.discountC.reductionD.commission22.There were beautiful clothes _in the shop windows.（分数：2.00）A.spreadB.demonstratedC.disclosedD.di

10、splayed23.Before moving to another city, Mr. London_ of the house and the furniture.（分数：2.00）A.discardedB.dismissedC.dischargedD.disposed24.According to Nobels famous will, the interest on his fund will be _ to five people who have made great contributions to mankind during the previous year.（分数：2.0

11、0）A.contributedB.devotedC.distributedD.allocated25.Roger gave me some beautiful Japanese stamps in_ for two sets of 1960 British special issue.（分数：2.00）A.turnB.exchangeC.additionD.place26.Most children in Great Britain are educated at the public _.（分数：2.00）A.costB.paymentC.expenseD.charge27.The char

12、ges of trade against the corporation proved to be without_.（分数：2.00）A.baseB.excuseC.foundationD.reason28.Every camera we sell comes with a two-year_.（分数：2.00）A.safetyB.conservationC.confirmationD.guarantee29.It will be very helpful if parents have seen the school environment and know what kind of ta

13、sks the school will_on the daily life of their child.(2013 年 10 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.composeB.imposeC.disposeD.expose30.To call the music of another music-culture “primitive“ is_ ones own standards on a group that does not recognise them.（分数：2.00）A.puttingB.imposingC.forcingD.emphasizing考博英语（词汇）历年真

14、题试卷汇编 60 答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1._is supposed to be the essence of private enterprise.（分数：2.00）A.CompeteB.Competition C.CompetitiveD.Competence解析：解析：competition n.竞争；比赛。2.Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education is one

15、of the most_ areas in Japanese life.（分数：2.00）A.sophisticatedB.competitive C.considerateD.superficial解析：解析：competitive a.竞赛的，竞争的；(人)好竞争的；(价格)有竞争力的(如：competitive games；Important posts are filled by competitive examinationsOur firm offers you competitive pricesHe is a competitive young man and has comp

16、etitive spirit)。sophisticated a.(人)老练的，富有经验的：(机器、武器等)精密的，尖端的。considerate(ofto)a.考虑周到的，体贴人的。superficial a.肤浅的，浅薄的：表面的。3.Unless my room is warmer tonight, Im going to_ to the hotel manager.（分数：2.00）A.complain B.argueC.blameD.reason解析：解析：complain vi抱怨(句型：complain to sbofabout sth；complain that)。argue v

17、i.争论，争辩 vt论证，主张；说服4.We _ Edisons success to his intelligence and hard work.（分数：2.00）A.describeB.subjectC.attribute D.refer解析：解析：attribute sthto 把归功于：把归因于，把归咎于：认为有。5.A small child has to learn to keep its _ before it can walk far.（分数：2.00）A.weightB.balance C.scaleD.stability解析：解析：balance n.平衡，均衡。6.Th

18、ey seem to be _ of all kind feelings for the poor.（分数：2.00）A.bankrupt B.unawareC.lackingD.vacant解析：解析：bankrupt(ofin)a.彻底缺乏的；破产的(如：a man bankrupt ofin moralsspiritThe newspapers accused the Government of being bankrupt inof ideasSevere business losses left the company bankrupt)。unaware(ofthat)a.没意识到的

19、，没觉察到的。lacking(in)a.缺乏(某种品质、特点等)(注：lacking 在此可以称作形容词或现在分词，后面跟 in+名词，这里的名词一般是表示品质、特点的抽象名词)。vacant a.未被占用的；空的。7.I have a number of_to make about this hotel so I wish to see the manager.（分数：2.00）A.claimsB.accusationsC.explanationsD.complaints 解析：解析：complaint n抱怨,怨言，不满之事；控告，申诉。claim n.要求；主张，断言。accusatio

20、n n指责，控告；罪名。explanation n解释，说明。8.Dont poke your nose into what doesnt _ you.（分数：2.00）A.connectB.relateC.concern D.interest解析：解析：concern vt.涉及，关于；使关心，使挂念(如：This matter concerns all of usI am not concerned with that matter any longerHis illness concerns me very muchbe concerned withaboutforover sth对表示

21、关心或忧虑。注：过去分词作定语放在名词前面表示“关切的”。如：with a concerned look：放在名词后面表示“有关的，相关的”，如：We shall have to consult the persons concerned)。connect vt连接，联系(句型：connect A andto B; The pipe connects with the sewer)。relate v(使互相)关联(句型： relate A andtowith B；relate to sth)。interest vt使感兴趣，引起的关注9.Although architecture has ar

22、tistic qualities, it must also satisfy a number of important practical _.（分数：2.00）A.obligationsB.regulationsC.observationsD.considerations 解析：解析：consideration n.考虑；要考虑的因素，原因；关心，顾及。10.When the young surgeon had difficulty with a delicate operation, he turned to a (n)_ surgeon for advice.（分数：2.00）A.la

23、wyerB.adviserC.consultant D.consultation解析：解析：consultant n.会诊医师，顾问医生；顾问。lawyer n.律师。adviser n.顾问。consultation n.商议；磋商；会诊。11.Arguing about details_many hours of the committees valuable time.（分数：2.00）A.absorbedB.sacrificedC.assimilatedD.consumed 解析：解析：consume vt消耗，花费。absorb vt吸收：吸引的注意，使全神贯注于。sacrifice

24、 vt牺牲，献出。assimilate vt吸收，消化：使同化。12.The price increases were passed on by the firm to none but the _.（分数：2.00）A.clerksB.salesmenC.tradersD.consumers 解析：解析：consumer n.消费者，用户；消耗者。clerk n店员；职员，办事员 salesman n.售货员，推销员。trader n.商人。13.The_of coal in that factory is five tons a day.（分数：2.00）A.assumptionB.res

25、umptionC.presumptionD.consumption 解析：解析：consumption(of)n(可加不定冠词)消耗(量)，消费(量)。assumption n假定，臆断；担任，承担。resumption n重新开始(做某事)。presumption n(与 the 连用)假定，揣想，大胆，冒昧，放肆。14.Metals_when cooled and expand when healed.（分数：2.00）A.decreaseB.reduceC.condenseD.contract 解析：解析：contract v.收缩，缩小，缩短。15.The cells(电池)were

26、designed to _ sunshine to electricity to run a motor.（分数：2.00）A.convert B.alterC.modifyD.exchange解析：解析：convert(intoto)v.(使)转变为，(使)转化为。16.Reports that the general is to be dismissed are gaining_among government ministers.（分数：2.00）A.accessB.impetusC.currency D.reception解析：17.Its not safe to carry so m

27、uch money with you. Youd better_the money in the bank.（分数：2.00）A.investB.deposit C.storeD.save解析：18.In a fit of_the sick man killed himself.（分数：2.00）A.expression B.suppressionC.depressionD.compression解析：19.I have heard many different _ of the same story.（分数：2.00）A.sayingsB.statementsC.commentsD.desc

28、riptions 解析：20.It doesnt make a bit of_ if you are late to my party. I just want you to come.（分数：2.00）A.difficultyB.troubleC.difference D.sense解析：解析：make(a)difference 有影响，有关系，重要。make trouble 制造麻烦，捣乱。make sense(以话语作主语)讲得通，有意义，言之有理。21.The shopkeeper took off 5 percent _for cash.（分数：2.00）A.decreaseB.di

29、scount C.reductionD.commission解析：解析：discount n.(价格、债款等的)折扣。decrease n.减小，减少。reduction n.减少，缩小。commission n.佣金，回扣；授权，委托。22.There were beautiful clothes _in the shop windows.（分数：2.00）A.spreadB.demonstratedC.disclosedD.displayed 解析：解析：display vt陈列，展览。spread v.摊开，伸开。demonstrate vt演示，说明；表露，显示。disclose vt

30、揭露，泄露，透露。23.Before moving to another city, Mr. London_ of the house and the furniture.（分数：2.00）A.discardedB.dismissedC.dischargedD.disposed 解析：解析：dispose(of)vi处理掉，销毁，扔掉，卖掉(如：He disposed of his old car and bought a new one)。discard vt扔掉，抛弃。dismiss vt解散；解雇，免的职；(认为不重要)不再考虑。discharge vt允许离开，释放；排出，放出(废物)

31、。24.According to Nobels famous will, the interest on his fund will be _ to five people who have made great contributions to mankind during the previous year.（分数：2.00）A.contributedB.devotedC.distributed D.allocated解析：解析：distribute vt.分发，分配，分送；分布。25.Roger gave me some beautiful Japanese stamps in_ for

32、 two sets of 1960 British special issue.（分数：2.00）A.turnB.exchange C.additionD.place解析：解析：in exchange for 作为交换，以交换。in turn(两个或两个以上)依次地，轮流地；交替地；转而，反过来。in addition(to)而且，此外，另外，加之。in place 在(应该在的)位置上。26.Most children in Great Britain are educated at the public _.（分数：2.00）A.costB.paymentC.expense D.charg

33、e解析：解析：expense n.花费；(pl.)费用(at the expense of 费用由承担，花的钱；对不利，靠牺牲的利益。27.The charges of trade against the corporation proved to be without_.（分数：2.00）A.baseB.excuseC.foundation D.reason解析：解析：foundation n.根据；基础；(pl.)地基(如：This theory has no foundation in fact. A building must be laid on a firm foundation)

34、。base n.基(础)，底座；基地。excuse n.借口，理由。reason n.理由，原因。28.Every camera we sell comes with a two-year_.（分数：2.00）A.safetyB.conservationC.confirmationD.guarantee 解析：解析：guarantee n保证，担保；保修单。safety n.安全，平安。conservation n保存，保护；守恒，不灭。confirmation n证实，批准；加以证明的东西，加以肯定的话。29.It will be very helpful if parents have s

35、een the school environment and know what kind of tasks the school will_on the daily life of their child.(2013 年 10 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.composeB.impose C.disposeD.expose解析：解析：A 项“compose”意为“组成、构成，作曲”：B 项“impose”意为“征税、把强加于”；C 项“dispose”意为“排列、布置，安排、处理”；D 项“expose”意为“暴露，使遭受”，本句是说学校为孩子布置作业。impose sthon

36、 sb意为“强加某事物于某人”，因此选择 B 项。30.To call the music of another music-culture “primitive“ is_ ones own standards on a group that does not recognise them.（分数：2.00）A.puttingB.imposing C.forcingD.emphasizing解析：解析：impose(sthon sb)vt把强加于，强迫接受：(征税等)(impose ones viewsones will on sb：impose difficult conditions of peace on the enemy；impose a new tax on cigarettes)。force sthon sb(虽然某人不愿意但)硬要某人接受。emphasize vt.强调。