【考研类试卷】考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编31及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 31 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Under the teachers stern_, the little boy broke down and confessed to cheating. (2011 年华东师范大学试题)（分数：2.00）A.glanceB.glimpseC.gazeD.stare2.To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must_ the

2、qualities and varieties of products we make to the world market demand.(2010 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.improveB.enhanceC.guaranteeD.gear3.The steam can_ electricity by turning an electric generator.（分数：2.00）A.causeB.growC.generateD.rouse4.He made such a_contribution to the university that they are naming

3、 one of the new buildings after him.（分数：2.00）A.generousB.minimumC.modestD.genuine5.An action that is lavishly rewarded as soon as it is performed is well on its way to becoming a habit.(2006 年财政部财政研究所考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.promptlyB.generouslyC.evidentlyD.sympathetically6.The jeweler assured Mr. White that

4、 the stone was a(n)_diamond and not an imitation.（分数：2.00）A.gracefulB.genuineC.actualD.exact7.People who lack_core values rely on such external factors as their looks or status in order to feel good about themselves. (2011 年南京师范大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.genuineB.horizontalC.navalD.pessimistic8.Some countrie

5、s give rare animals to important foreign visitors as a _ of friendship.（分数：2.00）A.gestureB.postureC.measureD.means9.The woman has not yet _ the loss of her son.(2013 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.got upB.got byC.got overD.got round10.They drifted on the lake, fishing and catching shrimp to_.(2013 年 10 月中国科学院

6、考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.get byB.get overC.get alongD.get across11.I caught a_of(he taxi before it disappeared around the comer of the street（分数：2.00）A.visionB.glimpseC.lookD.scene12.If we say something is_,we mean that we find it extremely pleasant or enjoyable.(2004 年上海理工大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.graciousB.gloomyC

7、.giganticD.gorgeous13.I am grateful for your _ invitation, and Id like to accept your offer with pleasure.(2005 年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.delightedB.innocentC.graciousD.prestigious14.The change was so _ that we hardly noticed it（分数：2.00）A.invisibleB.intangibleC.gradualD.inevitable15.He said the club was

8、 very_ for the members help and support.（分数：2.00）A.welcomeB.gratefulC.agreeableD.appreciative16.He gave them a lovely bookcase in _ for their kindness.（分数：2.00）A.returnB.gratitudeC.exchangeD.answer17.Love was in the air in a Tokyo park as normally staid Japanese husbands gathered to scream out their

9、 feelings for their wives, promising _ and extra tight hugs.(2013 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.attitudeB.multitudeC.gratitudeD.latitude18.Anything that is dropped from a height falls towards the center of the earth because of the pull of_.（分数：2.00）A.weightB.attractionC.gravityD.density19.She_at the thought

10、of being parted from her family for so long.(2007 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.sufferedB.grievedC.discriminateD.scared20.It _ me to see him in such a bad health. He was such an energetic and strong young man only several months ago.(2006 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.depressedB.upsetC.harmedD.grieved21.To stem(阻

11、止)inflalion the government issued_ on prices.（分数：2.00）A.adviceB.guidelinesC.limitsD.measures22.In ancient mythology there were no impassable_separating the divine from the human beings.(2013 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.polarityB.splitC.gulfD.void23.Participants in the Shanghai Co-operation Forum_regio

12、nal teamwork to promote investment and economic development.(2003 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.cursedB.echoedC.bouncedD.hailed24.The snow _ my plan to visit my aunt in the countryside.(2006 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.confusedB.bewilderedC.conversedD.hampered25.He gave each servant a _ present of a hundred dol

13、lars every Christmas.（分数：2.00）A.sufficientB.wonderfulC.handsomeD.considerable考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 31 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Under the teachers stern_, the little boy broke down and confessed to cheating. (2011 年华东师范大学试题)（分数：2.00）A.glanceB.glimpseC.gaze D.stare解

14、析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是 glance 一瞥，瞥视；glimpse 一瞥，一看；gaze 凝视，端详(指长时间目不转睛地看)；stare 凝视，瞪视。句意是在老师严厉的目光下，小男孩的精神防线彻底垮掉了，承认了考试作弊。所以正确答案是 C。2.To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must_ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world market demand.(2010 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.i

15、mproveB.enhanceC.guaranteeD.gear 解析：解析：在给出的选项中：improve“改善，增进”；enhance“增加，提高”；guarantee“保证，担保”；gear(常与 to 连用)“使适应，使适合”。根据句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是 D。3.The steam can_ electricity by turning an electric generator.（分数：2.00）A.causeB.growC.generate D.rouse解析：解析：generate vt发生，产：生(光、热、电等)；引起，导致(如：The machine gener

16、ates electricitygassteamA fire generates heat；A good diplomat generates good will)。cause vt.引起，使产生。grow v.生长；发展；成为；种植。rouse vt.惊起，唤起，唤醒。4.He made such a_contribution to the university that they are naming one of the new buildings after him.（分数：2.00）A.generous B.minimumC.modestD.genuine解析：解析：generous

17、(to sbwith sth)a慷慨的，大方的；宽厚的，宽宏大量的。minimum a.最低限度的，最小的，最少量的。modest a适中的，不过分的，不太大的，过得去的。genuine a.真的，非人造的；真诚的，真心的。5.An action that is lavishly rewarded as soon as it is performed is well on its way to becoming a habit.(2006 年财政部财政研究所考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.promptlyB.generously C.evidentlyD.sympathetically解析：解

18、析：lavishly 意为“慷慨地”，与 B 项 generously 同义。其余三项分别是 promptly 意为“迅速地”；evidently 意为“明显地，显然地”；sympathetically 意为“同情地”。6.The jeweler assured Mr. White that the stone was a(n)_diamond and not an imitation.（分数：2.00）A.gracefulB.genuine C.actualD.exact解析：解析：genuine a.真的非人造的；真心的，真诚的(如：The bracelet is genuine gold

19、a genuine friend：He has a genuine love for his family)。graceful a.优美的，优雅的(多用于修饰人或人的行为举止等)。actual a实际的，事实上的，真实的，客观存在的(非想象中的)。exact a确切的，精确的。7.People who lack_core values rely on such external factors as their looks or status in order to feel good about themselves. (2011 年南京师范大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.genuine

20、 B.horizontalC.navalD.pessimistic解析：解析：句子的大意为：真正缺乏核心价值观的人能自我感觉良好，是因为他们依靠自己的长相及地位等外部因素。A 项 genuine“真正的”；B 项 horizontal“水平的”；C 项 naval“海军的”；D 项pessimistic“悲观的”。A 最合理，所以 A 项符合题意。8.Some countries give rare animals to important foreign visitors as a _ of friendship.（分数：2.00）A.gesture B.postureC.measureD.

21、means解析：解析：gesture n.姿势，手势：(外交或友好)姿态，表示。9.The woman has not yet _ the loss of her son.(2013 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.got upB.got byC.got over D.got round解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是 get up 起床，晋升；get by 通过，勉强生存；get over 克服，从中恢复过来；get round 避免，说服。句意是，这个妇女还没从丧子之痛中恢复过来。根据句意推出正确答案是 C 选项。10.They drifted on the lake, fish

22、ing and catching shrimp to_.(2013 年 10 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.get by B.get overC.get alongD.get across解析：解析：A 项“get by”意为“通过，设法，继续存在”；B 项“get over”意为“克服，使度过，走完”；C 项“get along”意为“相处，进展，前进”：D 项“get across”意为“使被理解、被接受”，本句是说他们通过打鱼捕虾为生，因此选择 A 项。11.I caught a_of(he taxi before it disappeared around the com

23、er of the street（分数：2.00）A.visionB.glimpse C.lookD.scene解析：解析：glimpse n.一瞥，一看。vision n.视力，视觉：想象，幻想，幻觉。look(at)n.看。scene n景色，景象；(故事发生的)地点，背景，现场。12.If we say something is_,we mean that we find it extremely pleasant or enjoyable.(2004 年上海理工大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.graciousB.gloomyC.giganticD.gorgeous 解析：解析：本题

24、空格处是说某物非常华丽。D 项的“gorgeous 华丽的、宜人的”符合题意。其他三项“gracious 亲切的、高尚的；gloomy 阴沉的、令人沮丧的：gigantic 巨大的”都不正确。13.I am grateful for your _ invitation, and Id like to accept your offer with pleasure.(2005 年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.delightedB.innocentC.gracious D.prestigious解析：解析：本题空格处是说感谢你的亲切邀请。C 项“gracious 亲切的，高尚的”符合题

25、意，如：She welcomed her guests in a gracious manner(她亲切地欢迎了客人。)其他三项“delighted 欣喜的，快乐的；innocent 清白的，无罪的，天真的，无知的；prestigious 享有声望的，声望很高的”都不正确。14.The change was so _ that we hardly noticed it（分数：2.00）A.invisibleB.intangibleC.gradual D.inevitable解析：解析：gradual a.逐渐的，逐步的。invisible(to sb)a看不见的，无形的。intangible

26、a.触摸不到的，无形的；不可捉摸的，难以确定的，模糊的。inevitable a不可避免的，必然(发生)的。15.He said the club was very_ for the members help and support.（分数：2.00）A.welcomeB.grateful C.agreeableD.appreciative解析：解析：grateful(to sbfor sth)a.感激的，感谢的。welcome vt.欢迎(be welcome 很受欢迎)。agreeable a令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的；欣然同意的，愿意的(to sth+动词 ing 形式to+动词原形)。ap

27、preciative a.(定语)有眼力的，有欣赏力的：(表语)感激的(of)。16.He gave them a lovely bookcase in _ for their kindness.（分数：2.00）A.returnB.gratitude C.exchangeD.answer解析：解析：gratitude n感激，感谢(in gratitude for 为表达感激之情)。in return for 以答谢。in exchange for 作为交换。in answer to 作为回答；听到后就(不能说 in answer for)。17.Love was in the air in

28、 a Tokyo park as normally staid Japanese husbands gathered to scream out their feelings for their wives, promising _ and extra tight hugs.(2013 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.attitudeB.multitudeC.gratitude D.latitude解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是 attitude 态度，姿态，为可数名词，前面需加冠词；multitude 多数，群众：gratitude 感谢的心情：latitude(思想、行动等的)

29、自由范围，纬度。句意是，爱意在东京公园上空飘荡，通常比较内敛的日本丈夫聚在一起，大声喊出对他们妻子的爱意，承诺对她们充满感激之情，并给予格外紧的拥抱。根据句意推出正确答案是 C 选项。18.Anything that is dropped from a height falls towards the center of the earth because of the pull of_.（分数：2.00）A.weightB.attractionC.gravity D.density解析：解析：gravity n.重力，地心引力；严肃：严重(性)。weight n重量，重力；重压，负担；重要性

30、，价值。attraction n.吸引，吸引力；具有吸引力的人或东西。density n.密度；密集，稠密。19.She_at the thought of being parted from her family for so long.(2007 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.sufferedB.grieved C.discriminateD.scared解析：解析：四个选项中，suffer 的意思是“受苦，患病(+from)”；grieve 的意思是“悲伤，哀悼(+foratover)”；discriminate 的意思是“区别，辨别(+between)；scare 的意

31、思是“受惊(+at)，惊吓，使恐惧”。根据题意，B 项为正确答案。20.It _ me to see him in such a bad health. He was such an energetic and strong young man only several months ago.(2006 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.depressedB.upsetC.harmedD.grieved 解析：解析：四个选项中，depress 的意思是“使沮丧，使消沉，使心灰意冷”；upset 的意思是“使心烦意乱”；harm 的意思是“损害，伤害，危害”：grieve 的意思是“

32、使悲伤，使苦恼”。根据题意，D项为正确答案。21.To stem(阻止)inflalion the government issued_ on prices.（分数：2.00）A.adviceB.guidelines C.limitsD.measures解析：解析：guidelines n(pl.)指导方针，准则(government pay guidelines；guidelines for the control of dogs in public places)。advice n劝告，意见。limit n限度，限制(to)：(pl.)范围。measure n.措施。22.In ancie

33、nt mythology there were no impassable_separating the divine from the human beings.(2013 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.polarityB.splitC.gulf D.void解析：解析：A 项“polarity”意为“极，(性质、特点等的)正好相反，截然对立”；B 项“split”意为“裂口，裂缝”；C 项“gulf”意为“海湾，不可逾越的鸿沟”：D 项“void”意为“空间；真空；空白”，由句意可知，“神和人之间并无不可逾越的鸿沟”，因此选择 C 项。23.Participants

34、in the Shanghai Co-operation Forum_regional teamwork to promote investment and economic development.(2003 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.cursedB.echoedC.bouncedD.hailed 解析：解析：本题空格处是说欢迎地区间的协作。hail 的意思是“欢呼，欢迎”，如：hail sb(as)president(欢呼拥立某人为总统。)其他三项：“curse 诅咒；echo 随声附和；bounce 反弹，弹起”都与句意不符，因此正确答案为 D。24.The snow

35、 _ my plan to visit my aunt in the countryside.(2006 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.confusedB.bewilderedC.conversedD.hampered 解析：解析：四个选项中，confuse 的意思是“把弄糊涂，使困惑”；bewilder 的意思是“使迷惑，使糊涂，难住”；converse 的意思是“交谈，谈话”；hamper 的意思是“妨碍，阻碍”。根据题意，D项为正确答案。25.He gave each servant a _ present of a hundred dollars every Christmas.（分数：2.00）A.sufficientB.wonderfulC.handsome D.considerable解析：解析：handsome a.(金钱、礼物)相当大的，可观的；(男子)漂亮的，英俊的；(女子)端庄健美的，(身材)好看的，有风韵的。