【考研类试卷】考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编30及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 30 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Recent research into aging suggests that the bodys defense mechanisms may lose the ability to distinguish what is alien.(2003 年春季电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.insaneB.infectiousC.foreignD.poisonous2.It is impossible to _

2、whether shell be well enough to come home from the hospital next month.(2004 年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.foreseeB.inferC.fabricateD.inhibit3.She said some bad things about me, but I have_her for that.（分数：2.00）A.releasedB.freedC.forgivenD.regretted4.Boris Yeltsin, Russias _ present, died. His funeral in Mosc

3、ow was attended by a bevy of world leaders past and present.(2009 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.priorB.pastC.formerD.late5.Since his retirement, Peter Smith, who was _ a teacher, has written four novels.(2013年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.latelyB.usuallyC.formerlyD.already6.When she was asked why she was ahsent for th

4、e party, no answer was_. (2007 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.imminentB.urgentC.emergentD.forthcoming7.Some young people have made a(n)_ by developing private business.（分数：2.00）A.fundB.wealthC.fortuneD.estate8.A group of scholars from several countries were holding a _ on new trend of literature.(2006 年中国矿业

5、大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.fortB.foamC.forumD.summit9.You asked me to_ it to Miss Tullock but forgot to give me her address.（分数：2.00）A.offerB.forwardC.grantD.present10.By such demarcation, strong, representative national societies can then be left to do what they do best _ young scientists development at nat

6、ional meetings, and represent their disciplines at the national level.(2009 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.fosterB.founderC.foundD.foul11.This is but a _of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored.(2003 年复旦大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.frictionB.fractionC.factionD.fracture12.The cargo box has a l

7、abel“_“ on it. Please handle it with care.(2004 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.flexibleB.breakC.fragileD.stiff13.He said he was an insurance salesman, but later on she discovered he was a(n)_.(2004年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.alienB.counterpartC.clientD.fraud14.The _ of accidents on that road gives the doctors a lot o

8、f work.（分数：2.00）A.figureB.numberC.occurrenceD.frequency15.Vacation policies continue to be a source of_ between management and the workers.(2014 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.disturbanceB.resistanceC.contractionD.friction16.The_of medical knowledge are being pushed farther onwards as time goes on.（分数：2.0

9、0）A.frontB.borderC.frontiersD.edge17.Giving the child problems he cant solve will only_him.（分数：2.00）A.offendB.defeatC.annoyD.frustrate18.She was_by the lack of appreciation shown of her hard work.(2003 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.frustratedB.dispersedC.functionedD.displaced19.Accuracy is _ to the programmi

10、ng of computers.（分数：2.00）A.fundamentalB.decisiveC.characteristicD.typical20.Obviously these are all factors affecting smooth operation, but the underlying problem is still to be identified.(2004 年秋季电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.operationalB.fundamentalC.operatingD.underneath21.It makes me_when people dont l

11、isten, and then ask silly questions.(2007 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.furiousB.generousC.mysteriousD.suspicious22.This room is partly _ with a few old armchairs.（分数：2.00）A.providedB.decoratedC.beautifiedD.furnished23.Thats what I know about it. If you wish for any _ explanation, you had better apply in p

12、erson to the manager.（分数：2.00）A.furtherB.concreteC.detailD.general24.The National _ contains many valuable pictures.（分数：2.00）A.ExhibitionB.StadiumC.ShowD.Gallery25.The shopping-bag ladies know the hours when restaurants put their leftovers in the _ cans where they search for food.（分数：2.00）A.refuseB.

13、rubbishC.garbageD.junk考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 30 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Recent research into aging suggests that the bodys defense mechanisms may lose the ability to distinguish what is alien.(2003 年春季电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.insaneB.infectiousC.foreign D.poisonous解析

14、：解析：本题中，alien 的意思是“外来的，不同的”。四个选项中，foreign 的意思是“外国的，异质的”，如：a foreign object in the eye(眼睛中的异物)。insane 的意思是“患精神病的，极度愚蠢的”；infectious 的意思是“有传染性的，易感染的”。只有 C 项符合题意。2.It is impossible to _ whether shell be well enough to come home from the hospital next month.(2004 年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.foresee B.inferC.fabr

15、icateD.inhibit解析：解析：本题意为“很难预见她是否能在下个月出院回家”。A 项的“foresee 预见”符合题意。其他三项“infer 推论、推断；fabricate 制作、装配，伪造；inhibit 禁止、约束”都不正确。3.She said some bad things about me, but I have_her for that.（分数：2.00）A.releasedB.freedC.forgiven D.regretted解析：解析：forgive vt原谅，饶恕，宽恕。4.Boris Yeltsin, Russias _ present, died. His f

16、uneral in Moscow was attended by a bevy of world leaders past and present.(2009 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.priorB.pastC.former D.late解析：解析：固定搭配，former present 意为“前任总统”，即正确答案为 C。5.Since his retirement, Peter Smith, who was _ a teacher, has written four novels.(2013年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.latelyB.usuallyC.form

17、erly D.already解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是 lately 近来，最近：usually 通常，大抵；formerly 从前，以前：already 早已，已经。句意是，彼特-史密斯以前是老师，在退休后已经写了四本小说。根据句意可推出正确答案是 C 选项。6.When she was asked why she was ahsent for the party, no answer was_. (2007 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.imminentB.urgentC.emergentD.forthcoming 解析：解析：四个选项中，imminent 的意思是“

18、逼近的，即将发生的”：urgent 的意思是“紧急的，急迫的”；emergent 的意思是“突现的，意外的，紧急的”；forthcoming 的意思是“现有的，随时可得的”。根据题意，D 项为正确答案。7.Some young people have made a(n)_ by developing private business.（分数：2.00）A.fundB.wealthC.fortune D.estate解析：解析：fortune n钱财，财产；命运；运气(inherit a fortune；come into a fortune；by good fortune；leave stht

19、o fortune)。fund n(单数)基金，(一笔)专款；(pl)资金，储备款。wealth n财富，财产，金钱：(a wealth of)丰富的，大量的。estate n地产，财产，遗产。8.A group of scholars from several countries were holding a _ on new trend of literature.(2006 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.fortB.foamC.forum D.summit解析：解析：四个选项中，fort 的意思是“堡垒，要塞”；foam 的意思是“泡沫，灭火泡沫”：forum的意思是“公

20、开讨论的场所，讨论会”；summit 的意思是“最高官阶，最高级会议”。根据题意，C 项为正确答案。9.You asked me to_ it to Miss Tullock but forgot to give me her address.（分数：2.00）A.offerB.forward C.grantD.present解析：解析：forward(to)vt.转交，转寄，转运(如：They forwarded his mail to his new addressWere forwarding you a list of the stores latest mens clothing)。

21、offer vt(主动提出)给予，提供。grant vt授予，准予，同意给予。present vt.赠(送)，呈献；提出，呈交。10.By such demarcation, strong, representative national societies can then be left to do what they do best _ young scientists development at national meetings, and represent their disciplines at the national level.(2009 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分

22、数：2.00）A.foster B.founderC.foundD.foul解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是：foster 养育，促进；founder 创立者；found 建立，创办；foul 堵塞，弄脏，根据句子意思可知，正确答案是 A 选项。如：Foster study and practice of creativity thinking ability of students in mathematics teaching(在数学教学中培养学生创造性思维能力的研究与实践。)11.This is but a _of the total amount of information whic

23、h the teenager has stored.(2003 年复旦大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.frictionB.fraction C.factionD.fracture解析：解析：本题空格处是说全部信息量的一小部分。B 项“fraction 一小部分”符合题意，如：Only a fraction of my friends have video recorder(我的朋友中只一小部分人有录像机。)其他三项“friction 摩擦力，摩擦；faction 派系，派别；fracture 破裂，骨折”都不正确。12.The cargo box has a label“_“ on it.

24、 Please handle it with care.(2004 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.flexibleB.breakC.fragile D.stiff解析：解析：本题空格处意为“易碎的标签”。fragile 意为“易碎的，脆的”，如：The fragile boxes arrived intact(这些易碎的箱子完整无损地运到了。)flexible 意为“灵活的，柔软的”；break 意为“暂停，打破”；stiff 意为“僵硬的，呆板的”。根据题意，只有 C 项符合题意。13.He said he was an insurance salesman, but later

25、 on she discovered he was a(n)_.(2004年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.alienB.counterpartC.clientD.fraud 解析：解析：本题意为“他说他是卖保险的，但后来她发现他是个骗了”。D 项“fraud 骗子”符合题意，如：People who tell your future by means of a pack of cards are frauds(用一叠纸牌为你占卜未来的人都是骗子。)其他三项“alien 外侨，外国人；counterpart(职位，性格等方面)相对应的人；client 委托人，顾客”都不正确。14.The

26、 _ of accidents on that road gives the doctors a lot of work.（分数：2.00）A.figureB.numberC.occurrenceD.frequency 解析：解析：frequency n次数，频繁；频率，出现率。15.Vacation policies continue to be a source of_ between management and the workers.(2014 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.disturbanceB.resistanceC.contractionD.frictio

27、n 解析：解析：本题考查名词词义辨析。A 干扰，骚乱，忧虑；B 阻力，电阻，抵抗，反抗，抵抗力；C 收缩，紧缩，缩写式，害病；D 摩擦。句意为：休假政策仍然是管理层和工人之间摩擦的根源。分析各选项可知答案为 D。16.The_of medical knowledge are being pushed farther onwards as time goes on.（分数：2.00）A.frontB.borderC.frontiers D.edge解析：解析：frontier n.(本义)边境，边界；边疆：(引申)(科学开拓的)新领域(beyond the frontier of knowled

28、ge；at the frontier of space exploration)。front n.前面，正面：前线，战线。border n.边界，边境；边缘，界线。edge n.边缘，棱；刀口。17.Giving the child problems he cant solve will only_him.（分数：2.00）A.offendB.defeatC.annoyD.frustrate 解析：解析：frustrate vt.使灰心，使恼怒而又不知所措；挫败，使受挫折。18.She was_by the lack of appreciation shown of her hard work

29、.(2003 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.frustrated B.dispersedC.functionedD.displaced解析：解析：本句的句意是“她因辛苦的工作没有得到欣赏而沮丧”。A 项“frustrated 失败，落空”符合句意，如：He was frustrated by his poverty(他因贫穷而灰心丧气。)其余三项，分别是“dispersed 被分散的，散布的；functioned 活动运行；displaced 取代，代替”都不正确。19.Accuracy is _ to the programming of computers.（分数：2.00）A

30、.fundamental B.decisiveC.characteristicD.typical解析：解析：fundamental(to)a.基本的，根本的：对是必要的，不可缺的。20.Obviously these are all factors affecting smooth operation, but the underlying problem is still to be identified.(2004 年秋季电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.operationalB.fundamental C.operatingD.underneath解析：解析：本题中，under

31、lying 的意思是“在下面的，根本的，潜在的”。四个选项中，fundamental的意思是“基础的，根本的”。21.It makes me_when people dont listen, and then ask silly questions.(2007 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.furious B.generousC.mysteriousD.suspicious解析：解析：四个选项中，furious 的意思是“狂怒的”；generous 的意思是“慷慨的，大方的”：mysterious 的意思是“神秘的，不可思议的”；suspicious 的意思是“猜疑的，疑心的，

32、多疑的”。根据题意，A 项为正确答案。22.This room is partly _ with a few old armchairs.（分数：2.00）A.providedB.decoratedC.beautifiedD.furnished 解析：解析：furnish vt装备，布置(家具)：供应，提供(信息、物品、活力等)。provide vt供给，提供(句型：provide sthfor sb；provide sbwith sth)。decorate vt装饰，装潢。beautify vt. 美化。23.Thats what I know about it. If you wish f

33、or any _ explanation, you had better apply in person to the manager.（分数：2.00）A.further B.concreteC.detailD.general解析：解析：further a.更多的，另外的；更远的。concrete a.实在的，具体的。detail n.细节，详情；枝节，琐事。general a.总的，普遍的；般的，普通的；通用的。24.The National _ contains many valuable pictures.（分数：2.00）A.ExhibitionB.StadiumC.ShowD.Ga

34、llery 解析：解析：gallery n美术馆，画廊。exhibition n展览(会)。stadium n.大型露天运动场。show n.展览(会)。25.The shopping-bag ladies know the hours when restaurants put their leftovers in the _ cans where they search for food.（分数：2.00）A.refuseB.rubbishC.garbage D.junk解析：解析：garbage n.食物下脚；美垃圾，废料。refuse n.rubbish n垃圾，废料。junk n.废物，被扔掉的东西。