【考研类试卷】考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编27及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 27 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.The term “New Australians“ came into vogue in the 50s and 60s, which implied that the goal of immigration was assimilation and that migrants would place their new-found Australian identity ahead of the _ context f

2、rom which they had come. (2003 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.athleticB.ethicC.aestheticD.ethnic2.In the war many children were _ from the cities to the countryside.(2004 年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.evacuatedB.impartedC.withdrawnD.elicited3.Since any answer was likely to cause embarrassment to his party, the politici

3、an tried to _ the question.(2002 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.evadeB.deludeC.secludeD.invade4.His_ breathing showed that he had got over his excitement.（分数：2.00）A.smoothB.averageC.evenD.flat5.We shall have to pay the bill_, so lets do it at once.（分数：2.00）A.recentlyB.naturallyC.eventuallyD.lately6.Experts su

4、ggest that speech stages are reached in fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who _ turns out to be of high IQ.(2007 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.eventuallyB.automaticallyC.decidedlyD.inversely7.He was tried for theft but got off because there w

5、asnt sufficient_against him.（分数：2.00）A.evidenceB.reasonC.excuseD.justification8.Autobiographical advertising can _consumers past memories about the Product or brand.(2013 年 10 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.exaggerateB.excavateC.extractD.evoke9.The British political system has _ over several centuries into i

6、ts present state.（分数：2.00）A.changedB.evolvedC.expandedD.survived10.If you always_people wont believe what you say.（分数：2.00）A.exaggerateB.expandC.maximizeD.enlarge11.How to evaluate the performance of students is still a problem that troubles many professors.(2004 年电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.examine and j

7、udgeB.assist inC.enhanceD.account for12.Unfortunately, the rate of his expenditures_his income.（分数：2.00）A.precedesB.dominatesC.exceedsD.prevails13.In some African countries, the cost of treating an AIDS patient may_his or her entire annual income.(2013 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.exploitB.expelC.expir

8、eD.exceed14.Your advice would be_valuable to him, who is at present at his wits end（分数：2.00）A.exclusivelyB.extensivelyC.excessivelyD.exceedingly15.Why are some of us good at math, or writing, while others _ at art or basketball?(2002 年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.workB.gazeC.aimD.excel16.Language has alway

9、s beenas the phrase goes the mirror to society. English is no _.（分数：2.00）A.explanationB.excuseC.exceptionD.expectation17.The money they took with them was considerably in _ of what they needed.（分数：2.00）A.shortB.lackC.favourD.excess18._ spending can lead to bankruptcy.（分数：2.00）A.ExtraB.ExcessiveC.Fru

10、galD.Unimportant19.All draughts must be_ theroom.(2008 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.ejectedB.expelledC.excludedD.exiled20.This school is_ ; only very bright children are admitted.（分数：2.00）A.exclusiveB.uniqueC.prominentD.reputable21.These areas rely on agriculture almost_, having few mineral recourses and a

11、minimum of industrial development.(2005 年电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.respectivelyB.extraordinarilyC.incrediblyD.exclusively22.The report managed to get an _ interview with the Prime Minister.(2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.extinctB.excludingC.excessiveD.exclusive23.In general, matters which lie entirely within

12、 state borders are the _ concern of state governments.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.extinctB.excludingC.excessiveD.exclusive24.Up until that time, his interest had focused almost_on fully mastering the skills and techniques of his craft.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.restrictivelyB.radicallyC.inclusi

13、velyD.exclusively25.The travel agency has a full program of_, if tourisls wish to visit local places of interest.(2003 年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.expeditionsB.excursionsC.explorationsD.propositions考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 27 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.The term “New Austral

14、ians“ came into vogue in the 50s and 60s, which implied that the goal of immigration was assimilation and that migrants would place their new-found Australian identity ahead of the _ context from which they had come. (2003 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.athleticB.ethicC.aestheticD.ethnic 解析：解析：按句意，D 项“ehnic 人

15、种的，种族的”为正确答案。其他三项“athletic 运动的；ethic道德规范，伦理；aesthetic 美学的，审美的”都不正确。2.In the war many children were _ from the cities to the countryside.(2004 年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.evacuated B.impartedC.withdrawnD.elicited解析：解析：本题意为“战争期间，许多孩子由城市往农村撤离”。A 项的“evacuate 疏散，撤离”符合题意。其他三项“impart 给予，传递；withdraw 收回，取回，提取；elicit

16、 引起，诱出(回答等)”都不正确。3.Since any answer was likely to cause embarrassment to his party, the politician tried to _ the question.(2002 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.evade B.deludeC.secludeD.invade解析：解析：本题空格处是说这位政治家尽量回避这个问题。A 项“evade 逃避，躲避”符合题意，如：The released criminal always tries to evade the police(释放犯总想不要碰上警察。)其

17、他三项“delude 迷惑，蛊惑；seclude 隔离：invade 侵略，侵袭”都不正确。4.His_ breathing showed that he had got over his excitement.（分数：2.00）A.smoothB.averageC.even D.flat解析：解析：even a.均匀的；平坦的；均等的；偶数的。smooth a.平滑的，光滑的；平稳的；流畅的。average a.平均的；平常的，普通的。flat a.平坦的；平展的：单调的。5.We shall have to pay the bill_, so lets do it at once.（分数：

18、2.00）A.recentlyB.naturallyC.eventually D.lately解析：解析：eventually ad最后，最终，终于。recently ad.最近，新近，不久前。naturally ad.当然地，自然地；天然地，天生地。lately ad.最近，不久前。6.Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who _

19、turns out to be of high IQ.(2007 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.eventually B.automaticallyC.decidedlyD.inversely解析：解析：四个选项中，A 项 eventually 的意思是“最后，终于”，B 项 automatically 的意思是“自动地”，C 项 decidedly 的意思是“确定地，断然地，明确地”，D 项 inversely 的意思是“相反地，倒转地”。根据题意，A 项为正确答案。7.He was tried for theft but got off because there wasn

20、t sufficient_against him.（分数：2.00）A.evidence B.reasonC.excuseD.justification解析：解析：evidence n.根据，证据。8.Autobiographical advertising can _consumers past memories about the Product or brand.(2013 年 10 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.exaggerateB.excavateC.extractD.evoke 解析：解析：A 项“exaggerate”意为“夸张，夸大”；B 项“excavate”

21、意为“挖空，挖掘”；C 项“extract 意为”“(费力地)取出；采掘，提炼”；D 项“evoke”意为“唤起，引起；使人想起”，句子是说广告引起消费者的回忆，因此选择 D 项。9.The British political system has _ over several centuries into its present state.（分数：2.00）A.changedB.evolved C.expandedD.survived解析：解析：evolve(into)v.(使)进化，(使)演化：(使)发展，(使)演变(如：They evolved a new planThe simple

22、 plan evolved into a complicated scheme)。change v.改变，变更。expand v.扩大，膨胀，扩张。survive vi.存活下来，幸存。10.If you always_people wont believe what you say.（分数：2.00）A.exaggerate B.expandC.maximizeD.enlarge解析：解析：exaggerate vt.夸大，夸张(to exaggerate ones difficultiesones own importance/the seriousness of a problemano

23、ther persons faults)。expand vt.扩大，膨胀，扩张。maximize vt把增加(或扩大)到最大限度；充分重视。enlarge vt扩大，放大。11.How to evaluate the performance of students is still a problem that troubles many professors.(2004 年电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.examine and judge B.assist inC.enhanceD.account for解析：解析：本题中，evaluate 的意思是“评价，估计，求的值”。四个选

24、项中，examine and judge 的意思是“评估，检测”；assist in 的意思是“帮助”；enhance 的意思是“加强”；account for 的意思是“说明，解决”。只有 A 项符含题意。12.Unfortunately, the rate of his expenditures_his income.（分数：2.00）A.precedesB.dominatesC.exceeds D.prevails解析：解析：exceed vt越出，超过，胜过。precede vt.(位置、顺序、时间等)在之前。先于。dominate vt.在中占首要地位；支配，统治，控制：耸立于，俯视

25、。prevail(over)vi流行，盛行；战胜，占的优势。13.In some African countries, the cost of treating an AIDS patient may_his or her entire annual income.(2013 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.exploitB.expelC.expireD.exceed 解析：14.Your advice would be_valuable to him, who is at present at his wits end（分数：2.00）A.exclusivelyB.ext

26、ensivelyC.excessivelyD.exceedingly 解析：解析：exceedingly ad.极端地，非常。exclusively ad.专门地，排除其他地。extensively ad广泛地。excessively ad.过分地，过度地。15.Why are some of us good at math, or writing, while others _ at art or basketball?(2002 年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.workB.gazeC.aimD.excel 解析：解析：本题的后半句是说而其他人在艺术或篮球方面胜过他人。D 项的

27、“excel 优秀，胜过他人”符合题意。如：Francis excels as a long-distance runner(弗朗西斯是个出色的长跑选手。)其他三项“work 工作；gaze 凝视：aim 瞄准”都不正确。16.Language has always beenas the phrase goes the mirror to society. English is no _.（分数：2.00）A.explanationB.excuseC.exception D.expectation解析：解析：exception n除外，例外(如：This case is an exceptio

28、n to the rule 这是个例外情况。There is no general rule without some exception 凡规律总有例外。You must all take the examination，I can make no exceptionswithout exception 毫无例外地；with the exception of 除去)。explanation n解释，说明。excuse n借口，理由。expectation n期望，期待，预期。17.The money they took with them was considerably in _ of w

29、hat they needed.（分数：2.00）A.shortB.lackC.favourD.excess 解析：解析：excess n.超越，超过；过量，过剩，过度。in favour of 赞成，支持(不能说 in short ofin lack of)。18._ spending can lead to bankruptcy.（分数：2.00）A.ExtraB.Excessive C.FrugalD.Unimportant解析：解析：excessive a.过多的，过分的，极度的(如：The prices at this hotel are excessiveShe takes an

30、excessive interest in clothes)。extra a.额外的，外加的。frugal a.节省的，节俭的；费钱少的。unimportant a.不重要的。19.All draughts must be_ theroom.(2008 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.ejectedB.expelledC.excluded D.exiled解析：解析：eject 放逐，驱逐：expel 驱逐，开除；exclude 拒绝，排除：exile 意为放逐，流放。其中，exclude from 可以表示使不能进入。故正确答案为 C。20.This school is_ ; on

31、ly very bright children are admitted.（分数：2.00）A.exclusive B.uniqueC.prominentD.reputable解析：解析：exclusive(of)a排斥的，排外的；(新闻、报刊文章等)独家的(如：an exclusive circle of friends；The actress granted the reporter an exclusive interviewThe hotel charges $50 a day，exclusive of meals)。unique a.唯一的，独特的，独一无二的。prominent a

32、.突出的，杰出的。reputable a声誉好的，可尊敬的。21.These areas rely on agriculture almost_, having few mineral recourses and a minimum of industrial development.(2005 年电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.respectivelyB.extraordinarilyC.incrediblyD.exclusively 解析：解析：本题空格处是说这地区几乎只依靠农业。D 项“exclusively 排外地，专有地”符合题意，如：“Most importantly,

33、if all of us get news and information exclusively from television,there will be a decline in general literacy”(最重要的是，如果我们只从电视里获取新闻和信息，那么我们的读写能力就会普遍下降。)其他三项“respectively 分别地，各个地；extraordinarily 格外地；incredibly 不能相信地”都不正确。22.The report managed to get an _ interview with the Prime Minister.(2002 年武汉大学考博

34、试题)（分数：2.00）A.extinctB.excludingC.excessiveD.exclusive 解析：解析：本题意为“这名记者设法对首相进行独家采访”。D 项的“exclusive 唯一的，独一的，排他的”符合题意。如：exclusive publishing rights(独家版权)。其他三项“extinct(火、希望等)熄灭了的；excluding 排除在外的；excessive 过分的，过多的”都不正确。23.In general, matters which lie entirely within state borders are the _ concern of st

35、ate governments.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.extinctB.excludingC.excessiveD.exclusive 解析：解析：本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“熄灭的，耗尽的”：B 项意为“排外的”；C 项意为“过度的，极端的”；D 项意为“唯一的，独占性的”。本句意为“通常来讲，国家边境的问题都是政府最关切的问题。”，D 项符合题意。24.Up until that time, his interest had focused almost_on fully mastering the skills and techniques of h

36、is craft.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.restrictivelyB.radicallyC.inclusivelyD.exclusively 解析：解析：exclusively 意为“专有地；排外地”。根据句意：“直到那个时候，他的兴趣几乎只限于充分地掌握职业的技能和技巧”，再根据句中的提示词 almost，fully 可知他只关注掌握职业的技能和技巧，故选 D。其他三项中，A 项 restrictively 意为“限制性地”；B 项 radically 意为“根本地，彻底地”；C 项 inclusively 意为“包含地”，都不符合句意。25.The travel agency has a full program of_, if tourisls wish to visit local places of interest.(2003 年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.expeditionsB.excursions C.explorationsD.propositions解析：解析：本题前半句是说旅行社有丰富的短途旅行计划。B 项的“excursions 远足，短途旅行”符合题意。其他三项“expeditions 远征；explorations 探险；propositions 建议”都不正确。