【考研类试卷】考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编24及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 24 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Before he left for his vacation he went to the bank to_some money.（分数：2.00）A.pullB.drawC.pickD.gain2.The engine has broken down and the boat is _.（分数：2.00）A.driftingB.floatingC.buoyantD.fluctuating3.The rain came

2、through the roof and _from the ceiling.（分数：2.00）A.droppedB.drippedC.drapedD.fell4.I couldnt sleep last night because the tap in the bathroom was_.(2007 年中南大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.spillingB.drippingC.drainingD.dropping5.None of us understood what the lecturer was_ at.（分数：2.00）A.accountingB.explainingC.driv

3、ingD.working6.The terrible noise is_me mad.(2003 年西南财经大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.turningB.settingC.drivingD.putting7.In the airport, I could hear nothing except the roar of aircraft engines which_ all other sounds.(2002 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.dwarfedB.diminishedC.drownedD.devastated8.The United States cou

4、rt system is characterized by _ hierarchies: there are both state and federal courts.(2004 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.doubleB.complexC.simpleD.dual9.Since most doctors are_ about effectiveness of the new medicine, they seldom recommend it to their patients.(2003 年南京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.anxiousB.dubiousC.cyni

5、calD.innocent10.Jim isnt_, but he did badly in the final exams last semester.（分数：2.00）A.gloomyB.dullC.awkwardD.tedious11.His production techniques are elaborate and near legendary, but even if they could be_, it wouldnt be the same for any other people.(2002 年复旦大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.resembledB.approxima

6、tedC.duplicatedD.undertaken12.Even though leather gloves are much more expensive, they are more_than vinyl.（分数：2.00）A.resistantB.persistentC.permanentD.durable13.He will remain in hospital for the _ of the school year.（分数：2.00）A.extensionB.timeC.durationD.era14.He was _ for work, for he could not im

7、agine life without it.（分数：2.00）A.worriedB.proudC.eagerD.keen15.According to_across the relevant research community, the published attack represents an extreme position in its demands for proof.(2009 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.soundingsB.echoesC.sonar systemsD.reflections16.The criticism from the pubic

8、 has _this novel.(2010 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.eclipsedB.avengedC.baffledD.broadened17.Although not an economist himself, Dr. Smith has long been a severe critic of the governments_policies.（分数：2.00）A.economicB.economicalC.economyD.economics18.Tom doesnt think that the _ situation here is as good a

9、s his hometowns.(2007 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.economicsB.economicC.economyD.economical19.She has to be very_because she hasnt much money.（分数：2.00）A.economicB.economicalC.sparingD.careful20.We couldnt cut the string because the _ of the knife was not sharp enough.（分数：2.00）A.bladeB.edgeC.sideD.front21.

10、The long wait for news of my exam results has already set my nerves_.(2013 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.on fireB.on edgeC.on earthD.on impulse22.The author has _ out all references to his own family.（分数：2.00）A.deletedB.omittedC.editedD.excluded23.The editor made a lot of_ changes in the book.（分数：2.00）A

11、.sophisticatedB.editorialC.eloquentD.effective24.Though the long-term _ cannot be predicted, the project has been approved by the committee.（分数：2.00）A.affectB.effectC.effortD.afford25.They took _ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.（分数：2.00）A.efficientB.beneficialC.validD.effective考博英语

12、（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 24 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Before he left for his vacation he went to the bank to_some money.（分数：2.00）A.pullB.draw C.pickD.gain解析：解析：draw(out)vt取出，提取(银行存款)；拔出；引起，吸引；推断出(其他三个动词不合句意)。2.The engine has broken down and the boat is _.（分数：2.00）A.drifti

13、ng B.floatingC.buoyantD.fluctuating解析：解析：drift vi.漂流。float vi漂浮。buoyant a.有浮力的；神采奕奕的。fluctuating a.起伏的，波动中的。3.The rain came through the roof and _from the ceiling.（分数：2.00）A.droppedB.dripped C.drapedD.fell解析：解析：drip vi滴下；(一滴一滴地)漏水。drop v.投下；落下，下降。drape vi.(旗、布等)成褶皱状下垂。fall vi.落下，降落；跌倒；下降。4.I couldnt

14、 sleep last night because the tap in the bathroom was_.(2007 年中南大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.spillingB.dripping C.drainingD.dropping解析：解析：动词辨析题。句子的意思是浴室水龙头的滴水声使我昨夜无法入眠。spill 意为“涌出，溢出”；drip 意为“滴落，滴下”，如：Water is dripping from that leaky faucet(水正从漏水的笼头滴下来。)drain 意为“排水”。drop 意为“滴下，落下”。注意区分 drop 和 drip，drop 不管是作动词

15、还是名词，都有“滴下，落下”的意思，可以指任何物体，不限于液体，而 drip 指水滴，只能用于液体。因此 B 项是正确答案。5.None of us understood what the lecturer was_ at.（分数：2.00）A.accountingB.explainingC.driving D.working解析：解析：driveget at 想说明(问题)，是意思(注：该短语一般与 what 连用，并且要用进行时态，如：What on earth are you driving at?I dont know whether you see what Im driving a

16、tWhat was his speech driving at?)。account(for)vi.解释，说明(原因)。explain vt解释。work at 从事于，致力于，学习，研究，设法解决。6.The terrible noise is_me mad.(2003 年西南财经大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.turningB.settingC.driving D.putting解析：解析：本题是说“这可怕的噪声使我发疯”。短语 drive sbmad 的意思是“使某人发疯”。因此正确答案为 C。7.In the airport, I could hear nothing except

17、the roar of aircraft engines which_ all other sounds.(2002 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.dwarfedB.diminishedC.drowned D.devastated解析：解析：本题空格处是说飞机发动机的声音掩盖了所有其他的声音。C 项的“drown(噪声)掩盖”符合题意，如：The cheers of the audience drowned the professors voice(听众的欢呼声淹没了这位教授的声音。)其他三项“dwarf 使相形见绌；diminish 减少，缩小；devastate 毁灭

18、，破坏”都不正确。8.The United States court system is characterized by _ hierarchies: there are both state and federal courts.(2004 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.doubleB.complexC.simpleD.dual 解析：解析：本题意为“美国司法系统的特征是具有两个等级森严的机构：州法院和联邦法院”。dual的意思是“两部分的，双重的”；double 的意思是“两倍的，加倍的”：complex 的意思是“复杂的”；simple 的意思是“简单的”。根据题意，只有

19、D 项为正确答案。9.Since most doctors are_ about effectiveness of the new medicine, they seldom recommend it to their patients.(2003 年南京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.anxiousB.dubious C.cynicalD.innocent解析：解析：本题意为“由于大多数医生对于新药的药效很怀疑，所以他们很少将其推荐给病人”。dubious 的意思是“可疑的，不确定的”；anxious 的意思是“紧张的”；cynical 的意思是“愤世嫉俗的”；innocent“无罪的，

20、清白的”。四个选项中只有 B 项符合题意。10.Jim isnt_, but he did badly in the final exams last semester.（分数：2.00）A.gloomyB.dull C.awkwardD.tedious解析：解析：dull a.(人)迟钝的，愚钝的；(刀具)钝的；(故事)枯燥的；(色彩)不鲜艳的。gloomy a.黑暗的，昏暗的；(天气)阴沉的；令人沮丧的。awkward a.粗笨的，笨拙的；尴尬的，棘手的；(工具)使用不便的。tedious a.(演说、故事等)乏味的，单调的，冗长的。11.His production techniques

21、 are elaborate and near legendary, but even if they could be_, it wouldnt be the same for any other people.(2002 年复旦大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.resembledB.approximatedC.duplicated D.undertaken解析：解析：本题中，C 项的“duplicate 复制”符合题意。其他三项“resemble 像，类似：approximate 接近，近似；undertake 承担”都不正确。12.Even though leather gloves

22、are much more expensive, they are more_than vinyl.（分数：2.00）A.resistantB.persistentC.permanentD.durable 解析：解析：durable a.持久的，经久耐用的(adurable peacefriendshipmaterial)。resistant(to)a抵抗的，抗的，耐的(如：Tin is resistant to corrosion)。persistent a.持续的，顽强存在的；坚持不懈的，执意的。permanent a.永久(性)的，固定的。13.He will remain in hos

23、pital for the _ of the school year.（分数：2.00）A.extensionB.timeC.duration D.era解析：解析：duration n持续，持久，持续时间(如：The duration of the examination is two hoursFor the duration of the strike we will remain closed)。extension n伸展，延长，扩大；延长部分，扩大部分。era n.时代，纪元。14.He was _ for work, for he could not imagine life wi

24、thout it.（分数：2.00）A.worriedB.proudC.eager D.keen解析：解析：eager a渴望得到的，热切希望的。15.According to_across the relevant research community, the published attack represents an extreme position in its demands for proof.(2009 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.soundingsB.echoes C.sonar systemsD.reflections解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是：

25、soundings 声响，意见调查；echoes 回声，反响；sonar systems声呐系统：reflections 反射，见解。根据句子意思可知，正确答案是 B 选项。如：Echo found her inspiration from the vast Sahara desert(三毛从茫茫的撒哈拉沙漠中找到了灵感。)16.The criticism from the pubic has _this novel.(2010 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.eclipsed B.avengedC.baffledD.broadened解析：解析：在给出的选项中：eclips

26、ed“使失色”；avenged“替报仇”；baffled“迷惑”；broaden“加宽”。根据句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是 A。17.Although not an economist himself, Dr. Smith has long been a severe critic of the governments_policies.（分数：2.00）A.economic B.economicalC.economyD.economics解析：解析：economic a经济的；经济学的。economical(of)a.节约的，节俭的。economy n经济(与政治相对)；节约，节省。

27、economics n经济学：(国家的)经济状况，经济因素。18.Tom doesnt think that the _ situation here is as good as his hometowns.(2007 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.economicsB.economic C.economyD.economical解析：解析：各选项的意思是：economics 经济学。economic 经济(上)的，经济学的。economy 经济，节约。economical 经济的，节约的。根据句意，应选择 B。19.She has to be very_because she

28、 hasnt much money.（分数：2.00）A.economicB.economical C.sparingD.careful解析：解析：economical(of)a.节约的，节俭的(an economical housekeeper；economical of ones time；an economical arrangement)。economic a.经济的，经济学的。sparing(with)a.节约的，吝惜的(后面多跟 with 限定成分，如：be sparing with ones money；sparing of ones energy；sparing in ones

29、 praise)。careful(of)“小心的，仔细的。20.We couldnt cut the string because the _ of the knife was not sharp enough.（分数：2.00）A.bladeB.edge C.sideD.front解析：解析：edge n刀口，刃；边缘，棱。blade n刀片，刀刃。21.The long wait for news of my exam results has already set my nerves_.(2013 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.on fireB.on edge C.

30、on earthD.on impulse解析：解析：A 项“on fire”意为“起火，着火”；B 项“on edge”意为“竖着、直立着，紧张不安、烦躁”；C 项“on earth”意为“世界上，人世间”；D 项“on impulse”意为“一时冲动，心血来潮”，由句意可知，“漫长的等待已经让我心烦意乱”，因此选择 B 项。22.The author has _ out all references to his own family.（分数：2.00）A.deletedB.omittedC.edited D.excluded解析：解析：edit vt.编辑，校订；剪辑；主编(如：I am

31、editing a volume of Fairy Tales for children)。delete vt删除(注意后面不跟 out)。omit vt省略，删节；遗漏，疏忽(注意后面不跟out)。exclude vt把排除在外；排斥(注意：后面不跟 out)。23.The editor made a lot of_ changes in the book.（分数：2.00）A.sophisticatedB.editorial C.eloquentD.effective解析：解析：editorial a.编辑的，主笔的，编者的；社论的，社论式的。effective a.(工作)有效的，效果好

32、的；(法规)有效的，生效的。24.Though the long-term _ cannot be predicted, the project has been approved by the committee.（分数：2.00）A.affectB.effect C.effortD.afford解析：解析：effect n.结果；效果；作用，影响(注意：与 effect 搭配的有以下几个有用的短语：haveno effect on sbsth对有没有影响；be of no effect(表语)没有作用；without effect(状语)没有作用：to no effect(状语)不起作用；

33、to that effect(后置定语或状语)那个意思的(话)，如：She called him a coward or words to that effectWhen I leave Ill write you to that effectto the effect that(后置定语，实际引导一个同位语从句)意思是，如：He has made a declaration to the effect that all fighting must cease at once)。affect vt影响；(在感情方面)打动(某人)。effort n努力；艰难的尝试。afford vt买得起，花得起；担负得起(本题主要测试几个拼法相近的易混词)。25.They took _ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.（分数：2.00）A.efficientB.beneficialC.validD.effective 解析：解析：effective a有效的，效果好的，得力的；(法律、规章等)生效的。efficient a效率高的，有能力的。beneficial(tofor)a有利的，有益的，有好处的。valid a有效的，有法律效力的；有根据的，有理的。