【考研类试卷】考博英语-91 (1)及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-91 (1)及答案解析(总分：95.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：30，分数：15.00)1.Differences in positions adopted by oxygen and hydrogen atoms account for variations in the crystalline structure of different forms of ice.（分数：0.50）A.are caused byB.explainC.derive fromD.constitute2.Many politicians find that t

2、hey can no longer afford the luxury of a personal chauffeur.（分数：0.50）A.valetB.driverC.secretaryD.servant3.She was so obstinate that she wouldn t adjust her opinions.（分数：0.50）A.inflexibleB.alertC.wiseD.talented4.In the flint decades of the twentieth century, the individual gem could not be seen, but

3、could be worked with fruitfully.（分数：0.50）A.blindlyB.completelyC.productivelyD.carefully5.In ancient Egyptian paintings, royal figures were differentiated by making them several times larger than others.（分数：0.50）A.distinguishedB.estrangedC.deferredD.enlarged6.Recent research into aging suggests that

4、the body s defense mechanisms may lose the abili ty to distinguish what is alien.（分数：0.50）A.insaneB.infectiousC.foreignD.poisonous7.Both a person s heredity and his environment help to shape his character.（分数：0.50）A.relativeB.educationC.nationalityD.surroundings8.Chimpanzees are frequently used as s

5、tand-ins for human beings in experiment.（分数：0.50）A.partnersB.role-modelsC.stand-bysD.substitute9.No other newspaper columnist has managed as yet to rival Ann Landers popularity in terms of readership.（分数：0.50）A.thoughB.in spite of thisC.evenD.so far10.General acceptance of 3-D films may prove hard t

6、o come by, as the experience of three decades ago indicated.（分数：0.50）A.obtainB.explainC.understandD.discern11.Perhaps more than anything else, it was onerous taxes that led to the Peasants Revolt in England in 1381.（分数：0.50）A.multipleB.unjustC.burdensomeD.infamous12.Jane and Tom have been able to re

7、concile their difference and are a happy family again.（分数：0.50）A.settleB.arrangeC.balanceD.pacify13.Psychologists have errantly mounted an offensive against what they describe as nastiness to ward students by educators.（分数：0.50）A.arbitrarinessB.unpleasantnessC.severityD.aloofness14.The plainer is a

8、bowerbird s plumage, the more brightly it decorates its nest to attract a mate.（分数：0.50）A.more spectacularB.dullerC.flatterD.more melancholy15.One word describes what makes Singapore work: discipline.（分数：0.50）A.punishmentB.regulationC.unemploymentD.salary16.Giving the child problems he cannot solve

9、will only frustrate him.（分数：0.50）A.baffleB.worryC.alarmD.cultivate17.A number of animals in Aesop s fables are portrayed as being crafty.（分数：0.50）A.vainB.virtuousC.artisticD.cunning18.One of the most interesting inhabitants of our world is the bee, an insect which is indigenous to all parts of the g

10、lobe except the polar regions.（分数：0.50）A.residentsB.petsC.intimatesD.creatures19.Recent studies have identified four major global environmental risks: acid rain, ozone depletion, deforestation and the greenhouse effect.（分数：0.50）A.recognizedB.provedC.got rid ofD.multiplied20.When we were in the mount

11、ains, we often found ourselves entirely enveloped by the fog.（分数：0.50）A.confinedB.surroundedC.darkenedD.blocked21.The mother is told that her child is desperately ill-the chance of survival are slim, and the treatment is as dreadful as the disease.（分数：0.50）A.incurableB.fearfulC.impossibleD.troubleso

12、me22.The United States Food and Drag Administration has shown itself to be particularly wary with regard to alleged “miracle“ drugs in recent times.（分数：0.50）A.bellicoseB.exhaustedC.cautiousD.strange23.Attitudes on the two sides in the Revolutionary War precluded the possibility of a peaceful solutio

13、n.（分数：0.50）A.presagedB.prejudicedC.anticipatedD.prevented24.Adverse reviews in the New York press may greatly change the prospects of a new Broad- way production.（分数：0.50）A.additionalB.encouragingC.unfavorableD.subversive25.Cowries shells were once in widespread use as a token of value.（分数：0.50）A.a

14、symbolB.an amountC.a thingD.an investment26.Sometimes a dictionary designates a noun as attributive, which means that it can be used to describe another noun or name its attributes.（分数：0.50）A.conveysB.definesC.indicatesD.explains27.In 1984, President Ronald Reagan proposed that the United States con

15、struct a launch laboratory for a new era of space exploration.（分数：0.50）A.probingB.revengeC.invasionD.expansion28.The environmental balance among ecological communities is exceedingly complex.（分数：0.50）A.almostB.successfullyC.extremelyD.rarely29.The primary objective of Basic Econometrics is to provid

16、e an elementary but a comprehensive introduction to the art and science of econometrics.（分数：0.50）A.briefB.preciseC.simplifiedD.extensive30.The two psychologists had to modify the American Sign Language somewhat in order to accommodate the chimpanzees spontaneous gestures.（分数：0.50）A.changeB.abortC.sh

17、ortenD.enhance二、BPart Reading (总题数：5，分数：5.00)31.By saying “Manufacturing industries and most agricultural enterprises are more distant from the censurers“ ( para. 2 ), the. author means _.（分数：1.00）A.their products are never sold directly into consumers handsB.they usually build their factories far a

18、way from marketsC.they usually need agents to sell and deliver their goods into consumers handsD.they have used trucks to carry their products to consumers hands32.A wholesaler(Paragraph 2, Line 2) is _.（分数：1.00）A.a person who sells a great variety of foodsB.an agent who deals with industrial produc

19、tsC.a person that manages big stores and factoriesD.an agent that buys and sells goods in great quantities33.Medical equipment sold to doctors is an instance of _.（分数：1.00）A.consumer productB.industrial productC.raw materialD.direct exchanged product34.Paper sold to a publishing industry _.（分数：1.00）

20、A.will influence the price of paper industryB.is a product delivered to the final userC.is a consumer productD.is an industrial product35.It can be inferred that _.（分数：1.00）A.most of the products exchanged at traditional markets are consumer goodsB.most of the products bought and sold at traditional

21、 markets are industrial goodsC.most farmers lived far away form marketplaces and never sold their products directlyD.most service industries have not yet developed mature markets for their products三、BPassage Two/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)36.The word “prospective“ in the first sentence of the passage means _.（

22、分数：1.00）A.would beB.prosperousC.richD.old37.From the last paragraph we learn _.（分数：1.00）A.direct advertising is the best way to promote a productB.companies are trying to find the best way to sell their productsC.advertising is becoming enriched by the research in this areaD.old ways of advertising

23、is giving ways to new ways of doing it38.The chief function of unmailed advertising is _.（分数：1.00）A.to send sample products from door to doorB.to familiarize the customers with the productsC.to deliver the products directly to the retail storesD.to send information about the products in quick ways39

24、.Direct-mail advertising _.（分数：1.00）A.uses letters as a chief means of providing informationB.sends old customers detailed information about new productsC.uses letters to tell prospective buyers about the local sellersD.sends over the prospective buyers sample products by parcels40.Direct advertisin

25、g _.（分数：1.00）A.includes all forms of sales appeals to the prospective buyerB.is produced mainly for newspaper or televisionC.is an activity by which real products are shown to buyersD.uses post as a chief means to contact prospective buyers四、BPassage Three(总题数：5，分数：5.00)41.Most people accept income

26、as a fair tax since _.（分数：1.00）A.every individual enjoys public welfareB.every citizen of a country has the duty to pay taxesC.it is within their capability to pay itD.it is closely related to the individuals benefits42.In 1985, _.（分数：1.00）A.inflation was taken into account in the federal government

27、 s income tax policyB.inflation rate was brought under control and income tax rate was reducedC.a number of states made their own laws against tile rising inflationD.the federal government adopted several inflation combating policies43.Which of the following income may enjoy a reduced tax or exclusi

28、on?（分数：1.00）A.Off-the-record incomeB.Self-employment earningsC.Business earningsD.Income from charitable activities44.In the 1970s, _.（分数：1.00）A.many people called for the cancellation of income taxB.many people questioned the fairness of income taxC.many people stopped to pay tax because of poverty

29、D.inflation rose beyond the governments control45.The majority of the US state governments _.（分数：1.00）A.use different sets of rules for various taxable incomeB.apply the same policy to all sources of incomeC.allow for a reduction for self-employment earningsD.treat business and investment income in

30、the same way五、BPassage Four/(总题数：5，分数：5.00)46.Which of the following was NOT true at the time Roosevelt was elected?（分数：1.00）A.Stock prices were recovering slowly.B.The nation were recovering slowly.C.There were 12 million unemployed workers.D.The nation needed help from the federal government.47.Th

31、e best title for the passage is _.（分数：1.00）A.The TwentiesB.The Great CrashC.The DepressionD.The End of World War 48.The “Great Crash“ in the passage refers to _.（分数：1.00）A.the end of World War B.the Great DepressionC.high employment figuresD.a slump in the stock market49.What does the word “deprivat

32、ion“ mean ( Paragraph 3, Line 1)?（分数：1.00）A.DeficiencyB.ScarcityC.RemovalD.Denial50.We can infer that the author of this passage _.（分数：1.00）A.disapproves of Roosevehs “New Deal“B.thinks the Depression could have been avoidedC.blames the Depression on the “Great Crash“D.feels there was some similarit

33、y between Roosevelt and Hider六、BPassage Five/(总题数：5，分数：5.00)51.Which of the following was the cause of cold weather in England from 1815 to 1818?（分数：1.00）A.England s proximity to the North SeaB.Volcanic ash in the atmosphereC.Floorings in the areaD.Pollution caused by the International Revolution52.

34、No one realized the cause of the deterioration of the world agricultural commodity market because _.（分数：1.00）A.there was a long interval between cause and effectB.the weather was difficult for us to forecastC.weather forecasts were inaccurateD.ecologists didnt exist until modem times53.According to

35、the passage, which of the following is NOT the cause of dropping temperatures?（分数：1.00）A.Volcanic eruptionsB.Mountain torrentsC.Crop and livestock productionD.The floods after the storm54.What does the word deteriorated mean7 (in paragraph 2 )（分数：1.00）A.WeakenedB.ImprovedC.DepreciatedD.Declined55.Ac

36、cording to the passage, the effects of Tempura s eruption were _.（分数：1.00）A.of several days duration worldwideB.felt mainly in the Dutch East IndiesC.evident in the decreased world temperatureD.immediately evident to the worlds scientists七、BPart Cloze/(总题数：20，分数：20.00)A.beatingB.fryingC.dryingD.plac

37、ingA.thoughB.sinceC.soonD.evenA.placesB.realmsC.areasD.domainsA.byB.onC.overD.atA.stoneB.boardC.tableD.plateA.incapableB.unavoidableC.impossibleD.unpopularA.foodB.a fireC.himselfD.itA.strongerB.betterC.moreD.longerA.inB.onC.throughD.forA.volcanoB.caveC.mountainD.valleyA.byB.overC.onD.toA.forestB.coo

38、kedC.man-madeD.lightingA.brokenB.destroyedC.spoiledD.piercedA.whenB.whichC.untilD.asA.to cookB.cookingC.cookedD.cookA.zoneB.sectorC.methodD.fashionA.newestB.latestC.firstD.worstA.utensilB.instrumentC.toolD.equipmentA.supportedB.replacedC.changedD.switchedA.rawB.crudeC.readyD.fresh八、BPart Translat(总题

39、数：5，分数：15.00)_九、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)81.People say we are now in a very competitive society. Do you agree with it or not? Why? 2. What will we do as talented people to make our country powerful and prosperous in the new century? 3. A country s economic prosperity can be reflected in people s

40、 daily life. Do you agree or disagree? Give your reasons in detail.（分数：20.00）_考博英语-91 (1)答案解析(总分：95.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：30，分数：15.00)1.Differences in positions adopted by oxygen and hydrogen atoms account for variations in the crystalline structure of different forms of ice.（分数：0.50）A.

41、are caused byB.explain C.derive fromD.constitute解析：are caused by 由引起。explain 解释。derive from 源自。constitute 制订，组成。 account for解释。2.Many politicians find that they can no longer afford the luxury of a personal chauffeur.（分数：0.50）A.valetB.driver C.secretaryD.servant解析：valet 贴身男仆。driver 驾驶员。secretary 秘书。

42、servant 仆人。chauffeur 司机。3.She was so obstinate that she wouldn t adjust her opinions.（分数：0.50）A.inflexible B.alertC.wiseD.talented解析：inflexible 不屈不挠的，顽固的。alert 堤防的，警惕的。wise 英明的，明智的。 talented 有才能的。obstinate 倔强的，顽固的。4.In the flint decades of the twentieth century, the individual gem could not be seen,

43、 but could be worked with fruitfully.（分数：0.50）A.blindlyB.completelyC.productively D.carefully解析：blindly 盲目地，摸索地。completely 十分地，完全地。productively 有结果地，有成果地。carefully小心地，谨慎地。fruitfully 产量多地，肥沃地。5.In ancient Egyptian paintings, royal figures were differentiated by making them several times larger than o

44、thers.（分数：0.50）A.distinguished B.estrangedC.deferredD.enlarged解析：distinguish 区别，辨别。estrange 疏远。defer 推迟，延期。enlarge 扩大，放大。 differentiate区别，区分。6.Recent research into aging suggests that the body s defense mechanisms may lose the abili ty to distinguish what is alien.（分数：0.50）A.insaneB.infectiousC.fore

45、ign D.poisonous解析：insane 患精神病的，极度愚蠢的。infectious 有传染性的，易感染的。foreign 外国的，异质的。alien外来的，不同的。7.Both a person s heredity and his environment help to shape his character.（分数：0.50）A.relativeB.educationC.nationalityD.surroundings 解析：relative 亲戚。education 教育，培养。nationality 国籍，国家，民族。surroundings 环境。environment

46、环境，外界。8.Chimpanzees are frequently used as stand-ins for human beings in experiment.（分数：0.50）A.partnersB.role-modelsC.stand-bysD.substitute 解析：partner 合伙人，股东。role-model 典型。stand-by 后备人员。substitute 替身，替代品。stand-ins替代品。9.No other newspaper columnist has managed as yet to rival Ann Landers popularity i

47、n terms of readership.（分数：0.50）A.thoughB.in spite of thisC.evenD.so far 解析：though 虽然，尽管。in spite of this 尽管。even 甚至。so far 至今。as yet 迄今为止。10.General acceptance of 3-D films may prove hard to come by, as the experience of three decades ago indicated.（分数：0.50）A.obtain B.explainC.understandD.discern解析：obtain 达到，得到。explain 解释，说明。understand 懂，了解。discern 目睹，认识。come by来临，达到。11.Perhaps more than anything else, it was onerous taxes that led to the Peasants Revolt in E