【考研类试卷】考博英语-70及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-70 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.I“d _ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.（分数：2.50）A.take into accountB.account forC.make up forD.make out2.He was _ when he heard th

2、e unexpected news, but I finally convinced him.（分数：2.50）A.incredibleB.inevitableC.incredulousD.indifferent3.We had a marvelous holiday. Only the last two days were slightly _ by weather.（分数：2.50）A.damagedB.enhancedC.spoiledD.diminished4.NASA is casting a wider net in the space shuttle investigation

3、as to what caused the spacecraft to swing out of control and _ moments before it was to land.（分数：2.50）A.disassembleB.disembarkC.disintegrateD.disinherit5.The joys of travel, having long _ the disabled, are opening up to virtually anyone who has the means.（分数：2.50）A.omittedB.missedC.neglectedD.discar

4、ded6.Fewer and fewer of today“s workers expect to spend their working lives in the same field, _ the same company.（分数：2.50）A.all elseB.much worseC.less likelyD.let alone7.When he finally emerged from the cave after thirty days, John was pale. _（分数：2.50）A.enormouslyB.startlinglyC.uniquelyD.dramatical

5、ly8.Thank you for applying for a position with our firm. We do not have any openings at this time, but we shall keep your application on _ for two months.（分数：2.50）A.pileB.segmentC.sequenceD.file9.It will be safer to walk the streets because people will not need to carry large amounts of cash, virtua

6、lly all financial _ will be conducted by computer.（分数：2.50）A.transactionsB.transmissionsC.transitionsD.transformations10.The _ of a cultural phenomenon is usually a logical consequence of some physical aspect in the life style of the people.（分数：2.50）A.implementationB.manifestationC.demonstrationD.ex

7、pedition11.The new technological revolution in American newspapers has brought increased, a wider range of _ publications and an expansion of newspaper jobs.（分数：2.50）A.manipulationB.reproductionC.circulationD.penetration12.Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily,

8、or have some other _.（分数：2.50）A.bruisesB.blundersC.handicapsD.drawbacks13.Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was _ in tropic countries.（分数：2.50）A.prospectiveB.prevalentC.provocativeD.perpetual14.After several nuclear disasters, a _ has raged over the safety of nuclear energy.（分数：2.

9、50）A.quarrelB.suspicionC.verdictD.controversy15.If any man here does not agree with me, he should _ his own plan for improving the living conditions of these people.（分数：2.50）A.put onB.put outC.put inD.put forward16.I support your decision, but I should also make it clear that I am not going to be _

10、to it.（分数：2.50）A.connectedB.fastenedC.boundD.stuck17.The English language contains a(n) _ of words which are comparative seldom used in ordinary conversation.（分数：2.50）A.altitudeB.latitudeC.multitudeD.attitude18.It“s a serious crime that people _ goods out of China to avoid paying customs duty.（分数：2.

11、50）A.shipB.smuggleC.launchD.load19.Recently the car factory had to carry out personnel _ because of financial trouble.（分数：2.50）A.cutsB.demandsC.reductionsD.orders20.Falling sales and rising overheads have obliged the company to review each customer“slimit. _（分数：2.50）A.creditB.currencyC.checkD.certif

12、icate21._ of over 5% are attractive if the dollar really is going to stabilize.（分数：2.50）A.ManufacturesB.YieldsC.CreatingD.Receiving22.This is only a _ agreement: nothing serious concluded yet by far.（分数：2.50）A.tentativeB.localC.decisiveD.kidding23.Some workers in the nuclear power station were expos

13、ed to high levels of _.（分数：2.50）A.radiationB.cancerC.microwavesD.high temperature24.A _ refers to an animal that is born from its mother“s body, not from an egg, and drinks its mother“s milk as a baby.（分数：2.50）A.mammothB.penguinC.mosquitoD.mammal25.Why is there _ traffic on the streets today than ye

14、sterday?（分数：2.50）A.lessB.littleC.fewerD.few26.Black people are by no means _ white people.（分数：2.50）A.inferior overB.more inferior thanC.inferior toD.more inferior to27.Why should anyone want to read _ of books by great authors when the real pleasure comes from reading the originals.（分数：2.50）A.themes

15、B.insightsC.digestsD.leaflets28.Parents have a legal _ to ensure that their children are provided with efficient education suitable to their age.（分数：2.50）A.impulseB.influenceC.obligationD.sympathy29.Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a _.（分数：2.50）A.

16、scarcityB.minorityC.minimumD.shortage30.David likes country life and has decided to _ fanning.（分数：2.50）A.go in forB.go back onC.go through withD.go along with31.Jack was about to announce our plan but I _.（分数：2.50）A.put him throughB.turned him outC.gave him upD.cut him short32.The nuclear family _ a

17、 self-contained, self-satisfying unit composed of father, mother and children.（分数：2.50）A.refers toB.definesC.describesD.devotes to33.Some polls show that roughly two-thirds of the general public believe that elderly Americans are _ by social isolation and loneliness.（分数：2.50）A.reproachedB.favoredC.p

18、laguedD.reprehended34.In addition to bettering group and individual performance, cooperation _ the quality of interpersonal relationship.（分数：2.50）A.ascendsB.compelsC.enhancesD.prefers35.Recently a number of cases have been reported of young children _ a violent act previously seen on television.（分数：

19、2.50）A.modifyingB.duplicatingC.acceleratingD.stimulating36.This kind of material can _ heat and moisture.（分数：2.50）A.deleteB.compelC.constrainD.repel37.He is _ about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year.（分数：2.50）A.optimisticB.optionalC.outstandingD.obvious38.The director was

20、critical _ the way we were doing the work.（分数：2.50）A.atB.inC.ofD.with39.In a sudden _ of anger, the man tore up everything within reach.（分数：2.50）A.attackB.burstC.splitD.blast40.In Britain people _ four million tons of potatoes every year.（分数：2.50）A.swallowB.disposeC.consumeD.exhaust考博英语-70 答案解析(总分：1

21、00.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.I“d _ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.（分数：2.50）A.take into account B.account forC.make up forD.make out解析：解析 四选项的意思分别是：A. “把考虑在内”；B. “说明发生的原因”；C. “

22、弥补，补偿”；D. “书写；拼凑；说明；理解；辨认出”。因此，本题选 A。2.He was _ when he heard the unexpected news, but I finally convinced him.（分数：2.50）A.incredibleB.inevitableC.incredulous D.indifferent解析：解析 本题意为“当他听到这个意外的消息时很怀疑，但是我最终还是说服了他(相信这个意外的消息)”。据此推断前面应该填表示“怀疑的”的单词。incredulous 的意思是“怀疑的，不轻信的”，如：incredulous about ghosts(不信鬼)

23、。其他三项“incredible 难以置信的；inevitable 无法避免的；indifferent冷漠的”都与题意不符，因此正确答案为 C。3.We had a marvelous holiday. Only the last two days were slightly _ by weather.（分数：2.50）A.damagedB.enhancedC.spoiled D.diminished解析：解析 本题意为“我们的假期非常愉快，只是最后两天因为天气的缘故，玩得很不尽兴”。spoil的意思是“破坏的兴致”，如：The never-ending quarrel among the v

24、isitors certainly spoiled their appetite for the banquet. (客人们无休止的争吵当然破坏了宴会的胃口)。其他三项“damage损害；enhance 提高，增强；diminish 减少，减小”都与题意不符，因此正确答案为 c。4.NASA is casting a wider net in the space shuttle investigation as to what caused the spacecraft to swing out of control and _ moments before it was to land.（分

25、数：2.50）A.disassemble B.disembarkC.disintegrateD.disinherit解析：解析 本句意为“NASA 在宇宙飞船调查方面撒下了一张更大的网，以调查是什么原因引起了太空船失去控制偏离轨道以及其着陆前的离心力矩”。disassemble 的意思是“分开”，disassemble moments的意思是“离心力矩”；disembark 的意思是“(使)着陆”，用在此处会与后面的 before it was to land语义重复，并且没有 disembark moments这一表达方式；disintegrate 的意思是“(使)分解”；disinheri

26、t 的意思是“剥夺继承权”。只有 A项符合题意。5.The joys of travel, having long _ the disabled, are opening up to virtually anyone who has the means.（分数：2.50）A.omittedB.missedC.neglected D.discarded解析：解析 neglect 忽视：They neglected his warning. 他们忽视了他的警告。omit 删除：Minor points may be omitted. 次要点可以删去。miss 指 fail to catch，hit

27、，find，meet，touch，hear，see etc. (something or someone)：The falling rock just missed my head.下落的石头险些击中我的头。discard 丢弃：discard an old pair of shoes 丢弃一双旧鞋子。所以，本题选 C。6.Fewer and fewer of today“s workers expect to spend their working lives in the same field, _ the same company.（分数：2.50）A.all elseB.much wo

28、rseC.less likelyD.let alone 解析：解析 let alone 意思是更不必说，The baby can“t even walk，let alone run 婴儿连走都不会，更别说跑了。all else 所有其他的；much worse 糟糕得多；less likely 较少可能，此三项选择都与本题不符。所以，本题选 D。7.When he finally emerged from the cave after thirty days, John was pale. _（分数：2.50）A.enormouslyB.startlingly C.uniquelyD.dram

29、atically解析：解析 startlingly 惊人地；enormously 极大地；uniquely 独一无二地；dramatically 戏剧性地。四项选择都是以-1y 结尾的副词，但意思完全不同，只有 startling适于本题。所以，本题选 B。8.Thank you for applying for a position with our firm. We do not have any openings at this time, but we shall keep your application on _ for two months.（分数：2.50）A.pileB.se

30、gmentC.sequenceD.file 解析：解析 on file 存档：Place a document on file. 把文件存档。pile 一堆：a pile of sand 一堆沙子。segment 部分：The runner went faster on the middle segment of the course. 那名赛跑运动员跑到中途时速度更快了。sequence 顺序：in historical sequence 按历史顺序。所以，本题选 D。9.It will be safer to walk the streets because people will not

31、 need to carry large amounts of cash, virtually all financial _ will be conducted by computer.（分数：2.50）A.transactions B.transmissionsC.transitionsD.transformations解析：解析 transaction 交易：a profitable transaction 有利可图的交易。transmission 传送：the transmission of knowledge知识的传授。transition 转变：a peaceful transit

32、ion from disorder to order由乱到治的和平过渡。transformation 变化：the social and political transformation of a country一个国家的社会和政治改革。这几个词都带有词缀 trans-，表示“横穿”，“通过”，“变化”。所以，本题选 A。10.The _ of a cultural phenomenon is usually a logical consequence of some physical aspect in the life style of the people.（分数：2.50）A.impl

33、ementationB.manifestation C.demonstrationD.expedition解析：解析 manifestation 表现(形式)：His smile was a manifestation of joy 他的微笑是他高兴的一种表现。implementation 执行。demonstration 展示，示范：a demonstration of a new car 新汽车的示范表演。expedition(为特定目的而作的)旅行，探险：go on an expedition to the Antarctic(南极探险)。11.The new technological

34、 revolution in American newspapers has brought increased, a wider range of _ publications and an expansion of newspaper jobs.（分数：2.50）A.manipulationB.reproductionC.circulation D.penetration解析：解析 四项选择都是以-tion 结尾的名词，但意思完全不同。circulation 可表示书报的发行量，如：a newspaper with a daily circulation of 500，000(日发行量为

35、50万份的报纸)，可用于本题。manipulation操作；reproduction 再生产；penetration 穿透。此三项均不合题意。12.Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other _.（分数：2.50）A.bruisesB.blundersC.handicapsD.drawbacks 解析：解析 本题是说很多纯金属无法使用，因此它们太软，易生锈，或有些其他的缺陷。D 项“drawbacks缺点，障碍”符合题意。其他三项“bruises

36、瘀伤，擦伤；blunders 大错，失误；handicaps妨碍，使不利，阻碍”都不正确。13.Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was _ in tropic countries.（分数：2.50）A.prospectiveB.prevalent C.provocativeD.perpetual解析：解析 本题是说一些研究证实这种眼疾在热带国家很普遍。B 项“prevalent 普遍的，流行的”符合题意，如：The habit of travelling by aircraft is becoming more prev

37、alent each year(坐飞机旅行一年比一年普遍了)。其他三项“prospective”期的；provocative 煽动的；perpetual 永久的”都不正确。14.After several nuclear disasters, a _ has raged over the safety of nuclear energy.（分数：2.50）A.quarrelB.suspicionC.verdictD.controversy 解析：解析 本题空格处是说展开了一场关于核能源安全性的辩论。D 项“controversy 论争，辩论，论战”符合题意，如：give rise to muc

38、h controversy(引起许多争论)。其他三项“quarrel 吵架，反目，怨言；suspicion 猜疑，怀疑；verdict(陪审团的)裁决，判决，判断”都不正确。15.If any man here does not agree with me, he should _ his own plan for improving the living conditions of these people.（分数：2.50）A.put onB.put outC.put inD.put forward 解析：解析 put forward 意为“提出”。put on 是“穿上，戴上”；put

39、out 是“扑灭”；put in 是“插嘴，插入”。16.I support your decision, but I should also make it clear that I am not going to be _ to it.（分数：2.50）A.connectedB.fastenedC.bound D.stuck解析：解析 bound 是“约束，束缚”，是 bind的过去分词。fastened 是“绑牢，固定”；connected是“联系；连接”；stuck 是“粘贴；坚持”。17.The English language contains a(n) _ of words wh

40、ich are comparative seldom used in ordinary conversation.（分数：2.50）A.altitudeB.latitudeC.multitude D.attitude解析：解析 multitude 意为“大量”，a multitude of words 是“大量词语”。altitude 是“高度，海拔”；latitude 是“纬度”；attitude 是“态度”。这 4个词是同形异义词。18.It“s a serious crime that people _ goods out of China to avoid paying customs

41、 duty.（分数：2.50）A.shipB.smuggle C.launchD.load解析：解析 A. 用船运；B. 走私；C. 发射；D. 装卸。19.Recently the car factory had to carry out personnel _ because of financial trouble.（分数：2.50）A.cuts B.demandsC.reductionsD.orders解析：解析 各项的意思为：A. 裁员；B. 需求；C. 减小；D. 定单。20.Falling sales and rising overheads have obliged the c

42、ompany to review each customer“slimit. _（分数：2.50）A.credit B.currencyC.checkD.certificate解析：解析 各项的意思为：A. 信贷；B. 货币；C. 支票；D. 证书。21._ of over 5% are attractive if the dollar really is going to stabilize.（分数：2.50）A.ManufacturesB.Yields C.CreatingD.Receiving解析：解析 各项的意思为：A. 生产；B. 收益；C. 创造；D. 收获。22.This is

43、only a _ agreement: nothing serious concluded yet by far.（分数：2.50）A.tentative B.localC.decisiveD.kidding解析：解析 题中所填的词修饰的是 agreement，后文中对这个协议做了说明：真正的还未达成。显然所填的词应当与“真正的”表达的意思相反。A 意为“试验性的，尝试的，暂定的”；B 意为“地方的，当地的”；C 意为“决定性的”；D 意为“戏弄的，玩笑的”。结合题意可知，本题答案应为 A。23.Some workers in the nuclear power station were ex

44、posed to high levels of _.（分数：2.50）A.radiation B.cancerC.microwavesD.high temperature解析：解析 A 意为“辐射，放射线，放射物”；B 意为“癌症”；C 意为“微波”；D 意为“高温”。题中讲的是核电站，与之相对应的应该是核辐射，因此本题的答案为 A。24.A _ refers to an animal that is born from its mother“s body, not from an egg, and drinks its mother“s milk as a baby.（分数：2.50）A.m

45、ammothB.penguinC.mosquitoD.mammal 解析：解析 A 意为“大象，庞然大物”；B 意为“企鹅”；C 意为“蚊子”；D 意为“哺乳动物”。根据句子中所给的信息：诞生于母体，婴孩时饮用母亲的奶汁，这些都是哺乳动物的特征。本题中所填的词代表一类的动物，所以 A不对，B、C 两项所提到的动物不具有句子中所表达的物种特征，也不对。因此本题的答案为 D。25.Why is there _ traffic on the streets today than yesterday?（分数：2.50）A.less B.littleC.fewerD.few解析：解析 traffic 是

46、一个不可数名词，只可用 little来修饰，而因句子中有 than，所以就应该有less，故选项 A是正确答案。26.Black people are by no means _ white people.（分数：2.50）A.inferior overB.more inferior thanC.inferior to D.more inferior to解析：解析 inferior 是形容词比较级，不用连词 than，所以选项 C为正确答案。27.Why should anyone want to read _ of books by great authors when the real

47、pleasure comes from reading the originals.（分数：2.50）A.themesB.insightsC.digests D.leaflets解析：解析 digest 摘要，简编：The president started reading the press digest over breakfast. 总统边用餐边开始阅读新闻简报；theme 主题：The main theme of the play was clear. 该剧总的主题是清楚的；insight(对内部的)察看或见解；leaflet 指传单、小册子。所以，本题选 C。28.Parents h

48、ave a legal _ to ensure that their children are provided with efficient education suitable to their age.（分数：2.50）A.impulseB.influenceC.obligation D.sympathy解析：解析 obligation 指法律或道义上的义务或责任，例如：a legal obligation to serve in the armed forces服兵役的法律义务；impulse 驱使，推动：the impulse of curiosity 好奇心的驱使；influence影响；sympathy 的意思是“同情心”。所以，本题选 C。29.Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a _.（分数：2.50）A.scarcityB.minority C.minimum