【考研类试卷】考博英语-592及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-592 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：20.00)1.To be _ I couldnt understand what he was getting at. If you wanted to know youd better ask someone else.A. sly B. humble C. honest D. cowardly（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.2.The middle-aged woman has been

2、 _ with a serious illness for half a year; she is dying now.A. laid down B. laid off C. laid up D. laid in（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.3.When American astronaut Glen returned to the earth and a hearty welcome _ him, he was considered to be a national hero.A. waited for B. anticipated C. expected D. awaited（分数：0

3、.50）A.B.C.D.4.The reception was attended by various _ members of the local community and representatives of regional industries.A. protuberant B. conspicuous C. prominent D. projecting（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.5.Woody arrived at a most _ moment; I was just getting into the bath.A. inopportune B. importunate

4、C. incongruous D. unfitting（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.6.They _ themselves _ the politician because they hoped he would become president one day. At last he did.A. connected, with B. combined, withC. linked, up D. attached, to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.7.After speaking for three hours, the lecturer found he could scarce

5、ly talk, as he had become _.A. dumb B. inarticulate C. hoarse D. speechless（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.8.They are looking for a _ experienced secretary who is capable of organizing a busy sales office.A. chartered B. mature C. graduated D. polished（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.9.Although most universities in the United Sta

6、tes are on a semester system which offers classes in the fall and spring, some schools _ a quarter system comprised of fall, winter, and summer quarters.A. manipulate B. stipulate C. regulate D. observe（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.10.It is not enough to observe behavior and _ them with physiological events that

7、 occur at the same time.A. correlate B. comply C. correspond D. pertain（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.11.Telecommuting-substituting the computer for the trip to the job-has been _ a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work.A. hailed as B. drawn out C. borne out D. lodged in（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.12.The

8、_ question in this case is whether the accused had a motive for this crime or not.A. crucial B. forcible C. supreme D. valuable（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.13.Agriculture must, therefore, _ workers and savings to the new industrialized, urbanized sectors if a modern economy is to be achieved.A. yield B. succumb

9、 C. subject D. resort（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.14.Women have significant advantages over men in space because they need less food and less oxygen and they _ radiation better.A. stand up to B. stand in for C. stand up for D. stand in with（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.15.Usually he managed to find plenty of work to _ him o

10、ver hard times. I think it is a good idea.A. chew B. blow C. flip D. tide（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.16.There is a direct flight at 3:00 or a flight at 7.30 in the morning that _ in Los Angeles.A. stops by B. stops in C. stops over D. stops up（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.17.Diana made a lot of effort to persuade her paren

11、ts into _ to her going to the United States to study business administration in MIT.A. contending B. contesting C. contenting D. consenting（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.18.Baroque has been the term used by art historians for almost a century to _ the dominant style of the period 1600-1750.A. determine B. designa

12、te C. devise D. depict（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.19.The teachers behavior and the students response _ what many people have said about language learning.A. confine B. conform C. consent D. confirm（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.20.Different cultures are more prone to _ certain illnesses because of the food that is character

13、istic in these cultures.A. contract B. conduct C. confine D. conquer（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.21.The students take a _ test in March, and the main exam is in July.A. previous B. preliminary C. preceded D. elementary（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.22.In recent years there has been a _ increase in the cost of living; many fa

14、milies have to depend on the federal aids.A. ponderous B. powerful C. significant D. violent（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.23.Although the media have paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employees situations, not the availability of technology, that _ a telecommuting arrangemen

15、t.A. precipitates B. reciprocates C. anticipates D. apprehends（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.24.She _ for a while and was unable to make a decision, so she asked for my help.A. flickered B. glittered C. faltered D. blinked（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.25.A scientific law is liable at anytime to need _; that is an eternal trut

16、h.A. modifying B. changing C. revising D. adjusting（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.26.President Clinton _ power when the US economy was slow.A. presumed B. consumed C. resumed D. assumed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.27.It didnt seem to have _ to her that once she was addicted to drug smoking, she could hardly give it up. But i

17、t did happen.A. happened B. took place C. occurred D. came about（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.28.The _ meanings of the individual words do not help define all expressions like “Drop in any time. “A. literary B. literature C. literal D. literate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.29.Simons letter was in such a casual scrawl, and in

18、 such pale ink, that it was _.A. vague B. ambiguous C. illegible D. obscure（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.30.The school authority _ against students smoking both in the classrooms and at home.A. resolved B. determined C. banned D. prohibited（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.31.The fund is for _ distress among the flood victims in

19、 the southern city.A. releasing B. detracting C. relieving D. devolving（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.32.Building this road will _ the construction of ten bridges, and then the total cost reaches I million US dollars.A. evolve B. involve C. revolve D. devolve（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.33.Small children can not _ the differ

20、ence between right and wrong. It is our duty to teach them.A. appreciate B. enjoy C. acknowledge D. confess（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.34.Some people _ in part the defeat of the revolution in France and Germany to the English diplomacy, do you agree?A. contributed B. attributed C. distributed D. owned（分数：0.50）

21、A.B.C.D.35.If you plant two apple trees in one square yard of land, and the trees productivity _ decline.A. is bound to B. is determined to C. is unlikely to D. is related to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.36.Digging the garden with a spade is a very _ task. I am exhausted after such two-hours work.A. industrious

22、B. manual C. conscientious D. laborious（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.37.To _ the structural imbalances in the budget, and also in the economy the Administration has given its support to a constitutional amendment.A. relinquish B. remedy C. compensate D. redress（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.38.Paul is an _ worker, and rarely

23、does well in examinations. However he often refuses our help.A. errant B. erroneous C. erratic D. exotic（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.39.Millions of people in the United States suffer from _ back pain that comes from sitting too long at a desk.A. chronic B. casual C. catastrophic D. elastic（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.40.Th

24、is village which is surrounded by mountains is only _ by river, and it is obvious that the transportation is inconvenient.A. accessible B. attainable C. available D. achievable（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.三、Section Reading Co(总题数：3，分数：15.00)If you are a fan of science fiction, youve no doubt encountered the ter

25、m nanotechnology. Yet over the past year also, a series of breakthroughs have transformed nanotech from sci-fi fantasy into a real world. Applied science, in the process, inspired huge investments by business, academia, and government. In industries as diverse as health care, computers, chemicals, a

26、nd aerospace, nanotech is overhauling production techniques, resulting in new and improved products, some of which may already be in your home or workplace.The inspiration for nanotech goes back to a 1959 speech by the late physicist Richard Feynman, then a professor at the California Institute of T

27、echnology, titled “Theres Plenty of Room at the Bottom. “ Four decades later, Chad Mirkin, a Chemistry professor at Northwestern Universitys $ 34 million nanotech center, used a nanoscale device to etch most of Feynmans speech onto a surface the size of about 10 tobacco smoke particles.What accounts

28、 for the sudden acceleration of nanotechnology? A key breakthrough came in 1990, when researchers at IBMs Almaden Research Center succeeded in rearranging individual atoms at will. Using a device known as a scanning probe microscope, the warn slowly moved 35 atoms to spell the three-letter IBM logo,

29、 thus proving Feynman right. The entire Logo was less than three nanometers.Soon, scientists were not only manipulating individual atoms but “spray painting“ with them as well. Using a tool known as a molecular beam epitary, scientists have learned to create ultra fine films of specialized crystals,

30、 built up one molecular layer at a time. This is the technology used today to build read-head components for computer hard drives.The next stage in the development of nanotechnology borrows a page from noture. Building a supercomputer no bigger than a speck of dust might seem an impossible task, unt

31、il one realizes that evolution solved such problems more than a billion years ago. Living cells contain all sorts of anisole motors made of proteins that perform myriad mechanical and chemical functions, from muscle contraction to photosynthesis. In some instances, such motors may be re-engineered,

32、or imitated, to produce products and processes useful to humans.How are these biologically inspired machines constructed? Often, they construct themselves, manifesting a phenomenon of nature known as self assembly. The macromolecules of such biological machines have exactly the right shape and chemi

33、cal binding preferences to ensure that when they combine they will snap together in predesigned ways. For example, the two strands that make up DNAs double helix match each other exactly, which means that if they are separated in a complex chemical mixture, they are still able to find each other eas

34、ily.（分数：5.00）(1).It can be inferred that Richard Feynman has been _ now.A. dead B. decent C. prominent D. popular（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Who proved that Feynmans concept, “Theres Plenty of Room at the Bottom“ was right?A. Chad Mirkin at Northwestern University.B. Researchers at Almaden Research Center.

35、C. Scientists manipulating atoms and “spray painting“.D. A professor at the California Institute of Technology.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Scientists created ultra fine films of specialized crystals by means of _.A. a scanning probe microscope B. a nanoscale deviceC. a molecular beam epitaxy D. a super com

36、puter（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following is the function that nanoscale motors perform?A. rearranging individual atoms. B. manipulating individual atoms.C. producing products and process. D. photosynthesis and muscle concentration.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the passage, all of the fol

37、lowing statements are true EXCEPT _.A. The two strands making up DNAs double helix can find each other easily in a complex chemical mixtureB. Evolution has solved the problem of building a computer smaller than a speck of dust a long time beforeC. DNA not only programs cells to replicate themselves

38、but also instructs them how to assemble individual molecules into new materialsD. The read-head components for computer hard drives are constructed by means of the technology known as a molecular beam apitaxy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.With the US economy slowing down, layoffs are everywhere. No industry is sp

39、ared. If you end up having to start over, in addition to starting your job search, there are several things you should take care of to make your transition a smooth one.First and foremost, clear up any misunderstanding about how and why you left your last job with your exboss. Whether you left volun

40、tarily, were fired or were laid off due to budget cutbacks, make sure you both have the same explanation. Agree on job titles ac cordingly. Also ask for a reference if you think your exboss will offer one and you trust that he or she will speak honestly about your performance.You should have a sourc

41、e of emergency cash that you can use in the interim. Dont panic and liquidate your stocks and bonds just yet, be optimistic in your prospects while also be more frugal than usual. You should save money on not having to dry clean work clothes so often and eating less takeout lunches. Save money by no

42、t eating out at restaurants and watch videos rather than going to the movies every weekend. Make a note of your job hunting expenses, such as career counselors consulting fees and resume printing costs, and save the receipts. By next years taxfiling time, you could get deductions on your jobsearch e

43、xpense (unless you left a job willingly or was a college graduate looking for your first job).Most companies terminate your medical insurance coverage as soon as you stop working for them. But it doesnt mean you have to forgo medical coverage altogether. There is something called Consolidated Omnibu

44、s Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) in the United States that legally protects an exemployees right to stay in the companys health care plan. However, the company will stop paying your premiums, and you will have to pay out of your pocket the expenses. This is still a good option compared to no heal

45、th insurance at all.Another important thing to take care of when you change jobs is your 401(k) ac count. A 401(k) is the retirement fund that most companies offer. Its named after section 401(k) in the Internal Revenue Services policy documents. You put aside a percentage of your paycheck each pay

46、period, and the money accumulated will be managed by the 401 (k) fund manager your employer has hired and is invested in the stock market. You cannot withdraw money from this account until you reach this age, or you will incur penal ties. When you leave a job, the money can sometimes be kept with yo

47、ur exemployer for a while. Its always a good idea to compare your new employers 401(k) plan with your old one. Every company offers different types of investment options, from overseas stocks to hightech stocks and everything in between. If you do want to transfer the account to your new employer, y

48、ou need to go to the human resources department and ask for forms that help you make the transition.Dont forget to ask for job leads from your excoworkers. Even if you are leaving for a job in another industry, you never know what people they happen to know that can help with your job search. Keep i

49、n touch with the friends you have made at your old job. Remember to anchor yourself to people, not institutions, and you will find that any transition is made easier.（分数：5.00）(1).According to Paragraph 1, in the United States, _.A. most industries stay unaffected by global economic recessionB. each and every company spares no effort t