【考研类试卷】考博英语-588及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-588 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Structure (总题数：25，分数：25.00)1.Thomas Wolfe portrayed people so that you came to know their yearnings, their impulses, and their wantsthis was effective_.A. motivation B. point of view C. characterization D. background（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The appeal to the s

2、enses known as_is especially common in poetry.A. imaginative B. imaginable C. ingenious D. imagery（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.If youve got a complaint, the best thing is to see the person concerned and _with him.A. tell it B. have it out C. say it D. have it known（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.There have been several at

3、tempts to introduce gayer colors and styles in mens clothing, but none of them_.A. has caught on B. has caught him out C. has caught up D. take it known（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The retired engineer plunked down $50,100 in cash for a midsize Mercedes as a present for his wifea purchase_with money made in t

4、he stock the week before.A. paid off B. paid through C. paid out D. paid for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.He has courage all right, but in matters requiring judgment, he has often been found sadly_.A. lack it B. absent C. in need of it D. wanting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.DaMs Hayes raised the essential paradox and as

5、ked how people could have fought so hard against environmental degradation_themselves now on the verge of losing the war,A. only found B. finding onlyC. only to find D. have only found（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The once separate issue of environment and development are now_linked.A. intangible B. indispensa

6、ble C. inextricably D. incredibly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The need to see that justice is done_.every decision made in the courts.A. implants into B. imposes onC. impinges upon D. imprecates upon（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Two-thirds of the U.S. basketball players are black, and the number would be greater_.the c

7、ontinuing practice of picking white bench warmers for the sake of bal ance.A. was it not because of B. had it not been forC. were it not for D. would it not have been for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything_go- ing on in the world.A. it is B. there

8、 is C. as is D. what is（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.If there is the need to compete in a crowd, to battle_the edge the surest strategy is to develop the unexpected.A. on B. for C. against D. with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Just as there are occupations that require college or even higher degrees,_ occupations for wh

9、ich technical training is necessary.A. so too there are B. so also there are C. so there are too D. so too are there（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.It is a myth that the law permits the Food and Drug Administration to ignore re quirements for_.drugs while brand-name drugs still must meet these rigid tests.A. sp

10、ecific B. generic C. intricate D. acrid（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The very biggest and most murderous wars during the industrial age were intra industrial-wars that_Second Wave nations like Germany and Britain against one another.A. pitted B. drove C. kept D. embarked（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.The private life of

11、 having each individual make his or her own choice of beliefs and interest_.without the overarching public world of the state, which sustains a structure of Iaw appropriate to a self-determining association.A. is not possible B. would not be possibleC. will not be possible D. by which（分数：1.00）A.B.C.

12、D.17.From Christianity and the barbarian kingdoms of the west emerged the medieval version of politics_.in turn evolved the politics of our modern world.A. of which B. from which C. on which D. by which（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.The Portuguese give a great deal of credit to one man for having promoted sea

13、travel, that man prince Henry the navigator, who lived in the 15th century.A. was B. was called C. calling D. being（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Grant was one of a body of men who were self-reliant_, who cared hardly anything for the past but had a sharp eye for the future.A. on themselves B. on not making a

14、faultC. to a fault D. to remain ahead（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.Huntington and many of its competitors are working to make remedial instruction a commodity as_and accessible as frozen yogurt.A. ubiquitous B. rational C. necessary D. credible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.The scheme for rebuilding the city center_, ow

15、ing to the refusal of a council to sanction the expenditure of the money it would have required.A. fell down B. fell off C. fell out D. fell flat（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.If they think they are going to win over us by obstinately_and refusing to make the slightest concession, they are mistaken.A. holding

16、out B. holding to C. holding over D. holding up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.The possibility that the explosion was caused by sabotage cannot be_.A. broken out B. cancelled out C. ruled out D. wiped out（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.The ex-president had been_in the country to refresh his mind before he passed away.A. gi

17、ven to walking B. given a walk C. given for a walk D. giving a walk（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.He did not relish appealing amongst his friends and_of their criticism or censure.A. running short B. running outC. running the gauntlet D. running ahead（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、SectionReading Comp(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part

18、A Multiple Choi(总题数：3，分数：15.00)1It was a normal day in the life of the American Red Cross in Greater New York. First, part of a building on West 140th Street, in Harlem, fell down. Beds tumbled through the air, people slid out of their apartments and onto the ground, three people died, and the Red C

19、ross was there, helping shocked residents find temporary shelter, and food and clothing. Then it was back downtown for that evenings big fund-raiser, the Eleventh An nual Red Cross Award Dinner Dance, at the Pierre. “Thats why I have bad hair to night,“ Said Christopher Peake, a Red Cross spokesman

20、who had spent much of the day at the Harlem scene, in the drizzling rain. He was now in a tuxedo, and actually his hair didnt look so bad, framed by a centerpiece of tulips and jonquils, and perhaps improved by subdued lighting from eight crystal chandeliers.Definitely not having a bad-hair night wa

21、s Elizabeth Dole, the wife of Senator Robert Dole and the president of the American Red Cross. President Dole has chestnut-colored Re publican hair, which was softly coifed, and she was wearing a fitted burgundy velvet eve ning suit ( “Someone made it for me! I love velvet!“ she exclaimed, in her en

22、thusiastic, Northern Carolina hostess voice) and sparkling drop earrings. Of course, she hadnt been standing in the rain in Harlem; she had just flown up on the three-oclock shuttle from Washington. Dole is extremely pretty, with round green eyes and a full mouth and a direct personality. She tilts

23、her head attentively when she listens. She was the recipient of the evenings award; previous award winners have included Alice Tully, Princess Yasmin Aga Khan and, most recently, Brooke Astor. Not exactly a sequence at the end of which you would expect to find Elizabeth Dole, but award givers are fa

24、mous for having political instincts as well as philanthropic ones.Surrounded by the deep-blue swags and golden draperies of the ballroom were more than thirty-five dinner tables set with groupings of candles and floral centerpieces and Roy al Doulton china, American Express was there. So were Bristo

25、l-Myers Squibb; Coopers Lybrand; the New York Life; .and Price Waterhouse. The actress Arlene Dahi, with her rather red hair and her bearded husband, presided over one table. Otherwise, it was a typical, faceless, captain-of-industry fund raiser (No models! No stars! ), of which there seems to be at

26、 least one every night in New York City. It was not a society night, but still the evening raised four hundred and thirty thousand dollars.（分数：5.00）(1).From what we read we can infer that “it was a normal day in the life of the Ameri can Red Cross in Greater New York“ means its staff_.A. deal with t

27、he fall of houses in the city every dayB. are busy helping people who suffer from disasters every dayC. work during the day and to have banquet in the evening every dayD. go to Harlem, the poorest district of New York, every day and help people there（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The fund-raiser mentioned in

28、the passage refers to_.A. Robert DoleB. Elizabeth DoleC. The Eleventh Annual Red Cross Award Dinner DanceD. all the business companies attending the Dinner Dance（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Christopher Peakes hair didnt look so bad because_.A. he was wearing a handsome tuxedoB. he was wearing tulips on his

29、suitC. he was seen among flowersD. he was sitting near flowers and in very soft light（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Elizabeth Dole was_.A. the president of the American Red Cross and acted at the Dinner as a North Caro lina hostessB. a republican and wife of the president of the American Red CrossC. the presi

30、dent of the American Red Cross and its main representative at the Annual Dinner DanceD. born in North Carolina, became an air-hostess and later married Senator Robert Dole（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The presence of an actress at the Dinner made the fund raising_.A. less impersonalB. a typical fund-raising

31、eventC. less personalD. more business-like（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2For laymen ethnology is probably the most interesting of the biological sciences for the very reason that it concerns animals in their normal activities and therefore, if we wish, we can assess the possible dangers and advantages in our own

32、 behavioral roots. Ethnology also is interesting methodologically because it combines in new ways very scrupulous field observations with experimentations in laboratories.The field workers have had some handicaps in winning respect for themselves. For a long time they were considered as little bette

33、r than amateur animal-watchers-certainly not scientists, since their facts were not gained by experimental procedures: they could not conform to the hard-and-fast ruie that a problem set up and solved by one scientist must be tested by other scientists, under identical conditions and reaching identi

34、cal results. of course many situations in the lives of animals simply cannot be rehearsed and controlled in this way. The fall flocking of wild free birds cant be, or the homing of animals over long distances, or even details of spontaneous family relationships. Since these never can be re produced

35、in a laboratory, are they then not worth knowing about?The ethnologists who choose field work have got themselves out of this impasse by greatly refining the techniques of observing. At the start of a project all the animals to be studied are live-trapped, marked individually, and released. Motion p

36、ictures, often in col or, provide permanent records of their subsequent activities. Recording of the animals voices by electrical sound equipment is considered essential, and the most meticulous notes are kept of all that occurs. With this material other biologists, far from the scene, later can ver

37、ify the reports. Moreover, two field observers often go out together, checking each others observations right there in the field.Ethnology, the word, is derived from the Greek ethos, meaning the characteristic traits or features which distinguish a group-any particular group of people or, in biology

38、, a group of animals such as a species. Ethnologists have the intention of studying “the whole sequence of acts which constitute an animais behavior. “ In abridged dictionaries ethnology is sometimes defined simply as “the objective study of animal behavior,“ and ethnologists do emphasize their wish

39、 to eliminate myths.（分数：5.00）(1).In the first sentence, the word “laymen“ means_.A. people who stand asideB. people who are not trained as biologistsC. people who are amateur biologistsD. people who love animals（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, ethnoiogy is_.A. a new branch of biologyB.

40、 an old Greek scienceC. a pseudo-scienceD. a science for amateurs（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).“The field workers have handicaps in winning respect for themselves. “ This sen tence means_.A. ethnologists when working in the field are handicappedB. ethnologists have problems in winning recognition as scientis

41、tsC. ethnologists are looked down upon when they work in the fieldD. ethnologists meet with lots of difficulties when doing field work（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the explanation of the scientific rule of experiment in the passage, “hard-and-fast“ means experiment procedures_.A. are difficult a

42、nd quick to foIlowB. must be carried out in a strict and quick wayC. must be followed strictly to avoid false and loose resultsD. hard and unreasonable for scientists to observe（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The meaning of the underlined words in “the details of spontaneous family rela- tionships“ can be expr

43、essed as_.A. natural family relationshipsB. quickly occurring family relationshipsC. animals acting like a natural familyD. animal family behavior that cannot be preplanned or controlled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3The single greatest shift in the history of mass-communication technology occurred in the 15th c

44、entury and was well described by Victor Hugo in a famous chapter of Notre Dame de Paris. It was a Cathedral. On all parts of the giant building, statuary and stone representations of every kind, combined with huge widows of stained glass, told the sto ries of the Bible and the saints, displayed the

45、intricacies of Christian theology, adverted to the existence of highly unpleasant demonic winged creatures, referred diplomatically to the majesties of political power, and in addition, by means of bells in bell towers, told time for the benefit of all of Pairs and much of France. It was an awesome

46、engine of communica tion.Then came the transition to something still more awesome. The new technology of mass communication was portable, could sit on your table, and was easily replicable, and yet, paradoxically, contained more information, more systematically presented, than even the largest of ca

47、thedrals. It was the printed book. Though it provided no bells and could not tell time, the over-all superiority of the new invention was unmistakable.In the last ten or twenty years, we have been undergoing a more or less equivalent shiftthis time to a new life as a computer-using population. The g

48、ain in portability, capa bility, ease, orderliness, accuracy, reliability, and information-storage over anything achievable by pen scribbling, typewriting, and cabinet filing is recognized by all. The pro gress for civilization is undeniable and, plainly, irreversible. Yet, just as the hooks tri ump

49、h over the cathedral divided people into two groups, one of which prospered, while the other lapsed into gloom, the computers triumph has also divided the human race.You have only to bring a computer into a room to see that some people begin at once to buzz with curiosity and excitement, sit down to conduct experiments, ooh and ah at the boxes and beeps, and master the use of the computer or a new progr