【考研类试卷】考博英语-56及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-56 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BVocabulary/B(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.As did his _ Sigmund Freud, Albert Einstein, and Henry Ford, Thomas Edison profoundly transformed the Western World. A. contemporaries B. part-owners C. companions D. accomplices（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.2.In a world where information is a

2、 flood_ to everyone, and where nothing is secret or proprietary, the only organizations and managers who will thrive are those who can quickly wade into the water, harness what they need, and then add value to it through speedy, innovative business decisions. A. acceptable B. available C. accessible

3、 D. attainable（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.3.The car pollutes, but advances in fuel quality and efficiency, and in microprocessed engine technology, have radically cut _. A. releases B. emissions C. poisons D. contamination（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.4.If humans use up too much soilwhich they have often done and are doing

4、then they will starve down to the carrying capacity of their habitat. This is natures “indifferent“ _. A. flexibility B. justice C. plasticity D. sensibility（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.5.One outcome of the rapid advance of technology is the breakdown of the traditional _ of labor between the sexes. A. arrangem

5、ent B. difference C. discrepancy D. division（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.6.The government provides employment and training services for workers and _ for those who are temporarily out of work. A. make B. compensate C. relieve D. resettle（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.7.Away from their profession, scientists are inherently no

6、 more honest or _ than other people. A. ethical B. moderate C. civilized D. liberal（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.8.Sometimes _ matters may result in surprisingly large effects. A. predictable B. big C. trivial D. imaginable（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.9.If we continue to destroy the countryside, more animals will become _.

7、A. distinct B. distinguished C. endangered D. extinct（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.10.The badly wounded have _ for medical attention over those slightly hurt. A. curiosity B. generosity C. priority D. authority（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.11.Countries within the European Community grant certain commercial _ to each other. A

8、. advantages B. benefits C. privileges D. subsidies（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.12.He isnt legally responsible for his nephew, but he feels he has a moral _ to help him. A. observation B. obligation C. objection D. obstruction（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.13.The price of vegetables _ according to the weather. A. formulates

9、B. flourishes C. fluctuates D. frames（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.14.She finds it difficult to _ her career ambition with her responsibility to her family. A. reconcile B. reunite C. mediate D. smoothen（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.15.He has lost the use of limbs but he is still in possession of all his mental _. A. faculti

10、es B. facilities C. installations D. apparatuses（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.16.Sustainable development is the one that meets the needs of the present without _ the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. A. compromising B. reinforcing C. lowering D. exhausting（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.17.I dont mind _ cr

11、iticism, but if you are just going to insult me I am not staying. A. relative B. productive C. descriptive D. constructive（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.18.She told her story, now and then _ to wipe the tears from her eyes. A. breaking off B. cutting off C. calling off D. putting off（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.19.What a bad

12、 temper the child has! I wonder which of his parents he _. A. turns to B. takes after C. stands for D. looks like（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.20.The board has _ some rules that every member of the club must follow. A. taken down B. set down C. let down D. laid down（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.21.Scientists will have to _ n

13、ew methods of increasing the worlds food supply in order to feed more hungry people. A. catch up with B. come up with C. keep up with D. put up with（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.22.Clark felt that his _ in one of the most dramatic medical experiments of all time was worth the suffering he underwent. A. presentat

14、ion B. participation C. apprehension D. appreciation（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.23.As you have seen, the value of a nations currency is a _ of its economy. A. reaction B. response C. reflection D. revelation（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.24.My sister is quite _ and plans to get a Ph. D in the future. A. aggressive B. ambiti

15、ous C. considerate D. enthusiastic（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.25.The disagreement over the trade restrictions could seriously _ relations between the two countries. A. tumble B. manipulate C. jeopardize D. intimidate（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.26.New vehicles must _ with certain standards for environment protection. A. a

16、pply B. comply C. imply D. supply（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.27.The decision will give renewed _ to the economic regeneration of backward regions. A. index B. impulse C. impact D. impetus（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.28.A strong support from the local authority is _ to the success of the project. A. indifferent B. indispen

17、sable C. inconsistent D. incredible（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.29.The computer can _ stored information in a matter of minutes. A. reassure B. release C. retrieve D. revive（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.30.Jim cooperated on the condition that he would be _ from prosecution. A. immune B. insolated C. isolated D. avoidable（分数

18、：2.50）A.B.C.D.31.You should keep a low _ before this trouble passes. A. image B. profile C. figure D. shadow（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.32.A university education aims at raising the intellectual tone of society, at _ national taste, at cultivating the public mind, etc. A. certifying B. quantifying C. verifying

19、 D. purifying（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.33.Equipped with modern science and technology people of today feel many assertions which were once taken as _ truth absurd. A. religious B. profound C. sacred D. prominent（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.34.The poor reception on your TV is probably due to outside A. intervention B. in

20、terruption C. interception D. interference（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.35.He couldnt explain the problem well, as he had only a(n) _ knowledge of the subject. A. elementary B. rudimentary C. inceptive D. initial（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.36.Although Lucy was slimming, she found cakes quite _. A. irremovable B. irresistib

21、le C. irrefutable D. irrepressible（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.37.The border incident led to the two countries _ diplomatic relations. A. breaking off B. breaking up C. cutting off D. cutting up（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.38.The conditions can be well imagined when one small settlement is expected to _ 10,000 families. A.

22、 populate B. dwell C. house D. reside（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.39.The completion of the new Town Hall has been _ owing to a strike. A. held on B. held up C. held down D. held off（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.40.Wolves are said to howl at the moon when it is _. A. round B. complete C. full D. whole（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.考博英语-56

23、 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BVocabulary/B(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.As did his _ Sigmund Freud, Albert Einstein, and Henry Ford, Thomas Edison profoundly transformed the Western World. A. contemporaries B. part-owners C. companions D. accomplices（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：contemporaries 同时代的人；part

24、-owners 共有人；companions伙伴；accomplices 同谋，帮凶。句意是，和他的同时代人弗洛伊德、爱因斯坦、福特一样，爱迪生也深刻地改变了西方世界。所以正确答案是 A选项。2.In a world where information is a flood_ to everyone, and where nothing is secret or proprietary, the only organizations and managers who will thrive are those who can quickly wade into the water, harne

25、ss what they need, and then add value to it through speedy, innovative business decisions. A. acceptable B. available C. accessible D. attainable（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：accessible 可得到、可使用的；acceptable 可接受的；available可获得，可找到的；attainable 可达到的。句意是，在一个信息如洪水爆发，人人都拥有信息，毫无秘密和专利可言的世界里，任何组织和个人，谁能够迅速

26、步入信息之水，掌握自己所需，然后通过快捷、富有创造力决策使其增值，谁就能够兴旺发达。所以正确答案是 C选项。3.The car pollutes, but advances in fuel quality and efficiency, and in microprocessed engine technology, have radically cut _. A. releases B. emissions C. poisons D. contamination（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：emission(光、热等的)散发，发射，喷射；release

27、 释放；poison毒物；contamination(具体)污染。句意是，虽然汽车产生污染，但是油料质量和效率的提高，以及微处理发动机技术的进展已经大大地降低了尾气的排放。所以正确答案是 B选项。4.If humans use up too much soilwhich they have often done and are doingthen they will starve down to the carrying capacity of their habitat. This is natures “indifferent“ _. A. flexibility B. justice C

28、. plasticity D. sensibility（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：flexibility 弹性，适应性，机动性，挠性；justice 公平，公正；plasticity可塑性，塑性；sensibility 感情，感受能力。句意是，如果人类消耗了太多的土壤(他们经常这样做，而且正在做)，他们的栖息地就只能提供基本的承载能力，这就是大自然的无情审判吧。所以正确答案是 B选项。5.One outcome of the rapid advance of technology is the breakdown of the traditional

29、_ of labor between the sexes. A. arrangement B. difference C. discrepancy D. division（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：arrangement 安排；difference 差别；discrepancy 差别，差异；division分割，区分；division of labor 的意思是劳动分工。句意是，科技迅速发展的一个结果，就是打破了两性之间传统的劳动分工。所以正确答案是 D选项，如 The compilers agreed upon a division of the t

30、extbook into twelve units.(编写者都同意把教科书分成十二个单元)。6.The government provides employment and training services for workers and _ for those who are temporarily out of work. A. make B. compensate C. relieve D. resettle（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：make for 向移动，促成；compensate for 补偿，弥补；relieve“减轻，解除”和 re

31、settle“(使)重新定居”不与 for搭配。句意是，政府向工人提供就业机会和培训服务，并且对暂时失业的人实行补偿。所以正确答案是 D选项。7.Away from their profession, scientists are inherently no more honest or _ than other people. A. ethical B. moderate C. civilized D. liberal（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：ethical 伦理的，道德的；moderate 适度的，有节制的；civilized文明的，有教养的；l

32、iberal 自由的，度量大的。句意是，抛开他们的职业不谈，科学家生来也不比其他人更诚实，更有道德。所以正确答案是 A选项。8.Sometimes _ matters may result in surprisingly large effects. A. predictable B. big C. trivial D. imaginable（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：predictable 可预言的；big 大的；trivial 琐细的，价值不高的，微不足道的；imaginable 可想象的。句意是，有时候，微不足道的小事可能会产生惊人的后果。所以正

33、确答案是 C选项。9.If we continue to destroy the countryside, more animals will become _. A. distinct B. distinguished C. endangered D. extinct（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：distinct 明显的，截然不同的，独特的；distinguished 卓著的，著名的，高贵的；endangered(生命等)有危险的，有灭绝危险的，将要绝种的一般用于进行时；extinct熄灭的，灭绝的，耗尽的。句意是，如果我们继续破坏农村，越来越多的动物

34、将会濒临灭绝。所以正确答案是 D选项。10.The badly wounded have _ for medical attention over those slightly hurt. A. curiosity B. generosity C. priority D. authority（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：curiosity 好奇心；generosity 慷慨，大方；priority 优先，优先权；authority 权威，影响力。句意是，与轻伤员相比，重伤员将优先享受医疗照顾。所以正确答案是C选项。11.Countries within

35、the European Community grant certain commercial _ to each other. A. advantages B. benefits C. privileges D. subsidies（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：advantages 优势，有利条件，利益；benefits 利益，好处；privileges特权，特别待遇，基本公民权力，特免；subsidies 补助金，津贴。句意是，欧盟成员国相互之间将享有一定程度的贸易特权。所以正确答案是 C选项。12.He isnt legally responsib

36、le for his nephew, but he feels he has a moral _ to help him. A. observation B. obligation C. objection D. obstruction（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：obligation 责任，义务；observation 观察评论；objection 反对，异议；obstruction 妨碍，阻挠。句意是，从法律意义上来说，他对他的侄子不承担责任，但是他觉得自己有帮助他的道德义务。所以正确答案是 B选项。13.The price of vegetable

37、s _ according to the weather. A. formulates B. flourishes C. fluctuates D. frames（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：formulate 制定，表达；flourish 兴隆，茂盛；fluctuate 波动，起伏不定；frame 设计，制造。句意是，蔬菜的价格随着天气的变化而波动。所以正确答案是 C选项。14.She finds it difficult to _ her career ambition with her responsibility to her family. A

38、. reconcile B. reunite C. mediate D. smoothen（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：reconcile 使和解，使和谐，使顺从；reconcile. with.的意思是“使和谐一致，协调”，reunite 再结合，再联合；mediate 调解，调停；mediate 与 between连用；smoothen 使平滑，使平坦。句意是，她觉得难以将自己的雄心壮志与对家庭的责任协调起来。所以正确答案是 A选项。15.He has lost the use of limbs but he is still in possessi

39、on of all his mental _. A. faculties B. facilities C. installations D. apparatuses（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：faculties 才能，本领，能力；facilities 设备，设施；installations设备，设施；apparatuses 仪器，器械。句意是，他虽然已经失去了四肢，但是思维理解能力却一点也没有丧失。所以正确答案是 A选项。16.Sustainable development is the one that meets the needs of the

40、present without _ the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. A. compromising B. reinforcing C. lowering D. exhausting（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：compromise 损害，连累，危及；reinforce 增强；lower 降低；exhaust使精疲力竭。句意是，可持续发展是这样一种发展，它在满足当前需要的同时，却不减少子孙后代满足需要的能力。所以正确答案是 A选项。17.I dont mind _ cri

41、ticism, but if you are just going to insult me I am not staying. A. relative B. productive C. descriptive D. constructive（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：relative 有关系的，相对的，比较而言的；productive 生产性的，生产的，能产的，多产的；descriptive 描述的，叙述的；constructive 建设性的。句意是，我不在乎建设性的批评，但是如果你只是想侮辱我，我就要告辞了。所以正确答案是 D选项。18.She t

42、old her story, now and then _ to wipe the tears from her eyes. A. breaking off B. cutting off C. calling off D. putting off（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：break off 停顿，中断；cut off 切断，堵塞；call off 取消；put off推迟。句意是，她讲述着自己的故事，不时地停下来将眼睛里的泪水擦去。所以正确答案是 A选项。19.What a bad temper the child has! I wonder whi

43、ch of his parents he _. A. turns to B. takes after C. stands for D. looks like（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：turn to 向他人求助；take after(外貌或行为)像父或母；stand for代表，表示；look like 看起来像。句意是，那个孩子的脾气多坏，真不知道他是像父亲还是像母亲。所以正确答案是 B选项。20.The board has _ some rules that every member of the club must follow. A. take

44、n down B. set down C. let down D. laid down（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：take down 记录，拆卸；lay down 制定规则，法律等；set down制定规则、原则等，多用于被动语态；let down 使人失望。句意是，董事会制定了一些规章，俱乐部的每一个人都得遵守。所以正确答案是 D选项。21.Scientists will have to _ new methods of increasing the worlds food supply in order to feed more hungry pe

45、ople. A. catch up with B. come up with C. keep up with D. put up with（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：catch up with 赶上；come up with 想出(答案、计划等)；keep up with跟上；put up with 忍受。句意是，科学家必须要想出新的办法来增加世界的粮食产量，以满足越来越多的饥民的需要。所以正确答案是 B选项。22.Clark felt that his _ in one of the most dramatic medical experiments

46、 of all time was worth the suffering he underwent. A. presentation B. participation C. apprehension D. appreciation（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：presentation“展示，发布”；participation“参加，加入”；apprehension“忧虑，恐惧”；appreciation“理解，欣赏”。句意是，克拉克感到，虽然自己遭受磨难，但是参加这一有史以来最伟大的医学试验是值得的。所以正确答案是 B选项。23.As you have seen, the value of a nations currency is a _ of its economy. A. reaction B. response C. reflection D. revelation（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是：reaction 反应；response 回应，答复；reflection 反射，反映；revelation揭示，揭露。句意是，如同你所看见的，一个国家的币值反映了这个国家的经济。所以正确答案是 C选项。24.My sister is quite _ and pl