【考研类试卷】考博英语-544及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-544 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.Before Terminator, farmers _.（分数：2.00）A.are required to buy new load of seeds every yearB.axe often caught by the police replanting the see

2、dsC.can replant the seeds under the permission from MonsantoD.obey the agreements signed with Monsanto2.According to Monsanto, the invention of Terminator will NOT _.（分数：2.00）A.stop illegal replanting of seeds in the developing countriesB.protect their intellectual-property fightsC.biologically carr

3、y out the agreements with the farmersD.make all plants sterilized3.Whats the tone of the author towards “Terminator?（分数：2.00）A.Objective.B.Mildly critical.C.Indifferent.D.Pessimisti4.According to the opponents, Terminator will do all the following EXCEPT that _.（分数：2.00）A.Terminator will result in r

4、aising the seed priceB.Terminator will make corns not mature to bear seedsC.Terminator will contaminate ordinary cropsD.Terminator will not be poisonous to other plants5.The best title for the passage will be _.（分数：2.00）A.The Suicide SeedsB.Monsanto-Leading Biotech CompanyC.Sterility in BiologyD.Aga

5、inst New Science五、Passage 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)6.It can be concluded from information contained in the text that the average temperature at an altitude of I kilometer above the Earth is about _.（分数：2.00）A.15B.-18C.2.5D.97.According to the passage, the greatest part of the solar energy that reaches the E

6、arth is _.（分数：2.00）A.reflected back to space by snow and iceB.concentrated at visible wavelengthsC.absorbed by carbon dioxide moleculesD.absorbed by atmospheric water vapor8.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE of the last hundred years?（分数：2.00）A.Fossil fuels were burned for the

7、 first time.B.The average temperature at the Earths surface has become 2 cooler.C.The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased measurably.D.The amount of farmland worldwide has double9.The primary purpose of the passage is to _.（分数：2.00）A.discuss the significance of increasing the am

8、ount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphereB.warn of the dangers of continued burning of fossil fuelsC.explain how a constant temperature is maintained in the Earths surfaceD.demonstrate the usefulness of mathematical models in predicting long-range climatic change10.Which of the following best describ

9、es the authors attitude toward the increasing amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and its consequences?（分数：2.00）A.Objective yet concerned.B.Angry yet resigned.C.Completely detached.D.Incredulous.六、Passage 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)11.What can be inferred from the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The slower people l

10、ose weight, the less likely they are to achieve their goals.B.People who are on diet merely lose muscle and water.C.Regular exercises may reduce the chance of getting certain chronic diseases.D.Physical activity use muscle tissue as its main source of energy.12.Most middle-aged people get fatter, ma

11、inly because _.（分数：2.00）A.they made dietary changes when they grow oldB.of their sedentary livingC.they dont exercise regularlyD.the chemical activity in their body that uses the food to produce energy slows down13.The passage is mainly about _.（分数：2.00）A.how to keep fitB.how to lose weightC.the ben

12、efits brought about by regular exercisesD.exercises and diet14.Which of the following statements about weight control is NOT TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.The exercise is the secret to permanent and successful weight control.B.Combining exercises with a reduced-calorie diet makes it easier to lose weight.C.Health

13、y weight control means losing primarily fat, not muscle or water.D.Eat less and skip the exercise is an easy and effective way of losing weight.15.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Eating Without Gaining.B.Exercise-An Effective Weight-loss Tool.C.Metabolic Cha

14、nges in Human Body.D.Ways of Weight Control.七、Passage 4(总题数：5，分数：10.00)16.The immune system _.（分数：2.00）A.used to be unconnected with the brainB.causes a lot of stress to peopleC.can be affected by emotional factorsD.functions independently17.Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passag

15、e?（分数：2.00）A.Unhappiness may cause disease.B.Drinking alcohol may cause damage to the immune system.C.too much sorrow is harmful to the immune system.D.Psychological stress leads naturally to the damage of the immune system.18.The text mainly supplies information for answering which of the following

16、 questions?（分数：2.00）A.Can the immune system be affected by emotional factors?B.Why can our bodies fight the bacteria and viruses which cause diseases?C.How can the immune system be affected by emotional factors?D.Why cant blood cells in bereaved peoples bodies work properly?19.The study on the milit

17、ary school students indicated that _.（分数：2.00）A.life in the school was very stressfulB.disease could be caused by psychological factorsC.the good students were likely to fall illD.stress often made students unhappy20.In the past, many doctors _.（分数：2.00）A.never thought of any possible link between s

18、tress and illnessB.hardly considered emotional factors when dealing with a patientC.discovered that the brain and the immune system functioned independentlyD.found that diseases were caused by psychological factors八、Passage 5(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.Which of the following most accurately describes the pat

19、tern of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The author first refutes the classification of research into the pure and the applied and then analyze the reasons for the intellectual snobbery and tendency to look down on the one of the two.B.The author first refutes the classification of research into the pure and

20、the applied and then presents his own classification.C.The author first refutes the classification of research into the pure and the applied and then points out that the classification results from two false ideas.D.The author first points out the practical importance of applied research and then cr

21、iticizes those who look down on applied researc22.In applied investigation, _.（分数：2.00）A.research workers are allowed to follow unexpected, interesting cluesB.scientists make a discovery first, and then try to use itC.it is the man who is given supportD.results of practical value are to be achieved2

22、3.It can be inferred from the passage that _.（分数：2.00）A.pure research and applied research are equally difficultB.applied investigation requires greater scientific abilityC.applied research is not inferior to pure researchD.in both pure research any applied research any scientific knowledge is worth

23、 seeking24.Some people look down on applied research because they think that _.（分数：2.00）A.it is a kind of prearranged investigationB.no new knowledge can arise from applied researchC.it is more difficult to get results in applied research than in pure researchD.no specific scientific ability is need

24、ed in applied researc25.According to the author, _.（分数：2.00）A.the investigation of the life cycle of a protozoon is undoubtedly pure researchB.pure scientists tend to look down upon applied investigationC.the discover of X-rays was made in applied researchD.the classification of research into “pure“

25、 and “applied“ is neither accurate nor impersonal九、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Would-be language te(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.The selection of English teachers used to be mainly based on 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_27.What did non-native English teacher deserve but seldom enjoy?（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_28.What kind of people is

26、 now more likely to find a job as an English teacher?（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_29.What is the result of the “new form of discrimination“ (Line 5, Para 4)?（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_30.The phrase “the linguistically oppressed“ (Line 6, Para. 4) refers to those who were 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_十一、Part Cloze Test(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十

27、二、University Physics i(总题数：10，分数：5.00)31.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_32.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_33.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_34.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_35.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_36.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_37.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_38.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_39.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_40.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_十三、Part Translation(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十四、Section A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)41.To take

28、 advantage of the Internet, some impoverished (贫穷) countries will have to get their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty(主权) might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic st

29、ructural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didnt have the capital to do so. And that is why Americas Second Wave infrastructure-including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreign investment. The Eng

30、lish, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britains former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans.（分数：10.00）_十五、Section B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)42.所有这一切引发了信任危机。美国人不再把繁荣看成是理所当然的事，他们开始相信自己缺乏经营之道，他们相信他们的收入不久也会下降。80 年代中期，对美国工业下滑的原因进

31、行了一次又一次的调查，惊人的发现不时的告诫他们，海外的竞争实力越来越强大，情况变化多快呀! 1995 年当日本不断奋力拼搏时，美国却可以回顾这五年稳固发展的历程。（分数：10.00）_十六、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：15.00)43.Various Energy Sources Transformed into Electricity in the U. S. A（分数：15.00）_考博英语-544 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，

32、分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.Before Terminator, farmers _.（分数：2.00）A.are required to buy new load of seeds every yearB.axe often caught by the police replanting the seeds C.can replant the seeds under the permission from MonsantoD.obey the agreements signed with Mon

33、santo解析：在 Monsanto发明新品种 Terminator之前，第二段提到 it works only if farmers honor itsomething thats difficult to police in the U.S.，表明农民们并未按照协议重新购买种子，而是留原来植物的种子，这使得美国警察很苦恼。2.According to Monsanto, the invention of Terminator will NOT _.（分数：2.00）A.stop illegal replanting of seeds in the developing countriesB

34、.protect their intellectual-property fightsC.biologically carry out the agreements with the farmersD.make all plants sterilized 解析：Monsanto 发明 Terminator是从自己的利益出发的，是为了阻止农民重复利用种子，为了保护自己的知识产权和从生物学上保证条约的实施，选项 D的内容不是 Monsanto考虑的范围。3.Whats the tone of the author towards “Terminator?（分数：2.00）A.Objective.B

35、.Mildly critical. C.Indifferent.D.Pessimisti解析：从文中作者对 Terminator的描述以及对其生产者 Monsanto的评价可以看出作者对之是持批评态度的。4.According to the opponents, Terminator will do all the following EXCEPT that _.（分数：2.00）A.Terminator will result in raising the seed priceB.Terminator will make corns not mature to bear seedsC.Ter

36、minator will contaminate ordinary cropsD.Terminator will not be poisonous to other plants 解析：文中第四段列出了反对者们的意见，他们认为 Terminator plants could drift with the wind like a toxic cloud，cross with ordinary crops or wild plants，选项 D说 Terminator不会污染其它植物不正确。5.The best title for the passage will be _.（分数：2.00）A.

37、The Suicide Seeds B.Monsanto-Leading Biotech CompanyC.Sterility in BiologyD.Against New Science解析：本文主要讲的就是 Monsanto生产的新种子 Terminator，它具有不育的特点，并有可能危害其他物种，选项 A能概括文章内容。五、Passage 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)6.It can be concluded from information contained in the text that the average temperature at an altitude of

38、I kilometer above the Earth is about _.（分数：2.00）A.15B.-18C.2.5D.9 解析：文中第三段说位于地面上方 5到 6千米的 radiating level温度是18，而每接近地面 1千米气温就会上升 6，通过计算可以得出距地面 1千米的空气温度是 9。7.According to the passage, the greatest part of the solar energy that reaches the Earth is _.（分数：2.00）A.reflected back to space by snow and iceB.

39、concentrated at visible wavelengths C.absorbed by carbon dioxide moleculesD.absorbed by atmospheric water vapor解析：从文中第一段 allow radiation at visible wavelengths，where most oft he energy of sunlight is concentrated，to pass through)可以判断大部分太阳能量集中在 visible wavelengths。8.According to the passage, which of

40、 the following is TRUE of the last hundred years?（分数：2.00）A.Fossil fuels were burned for the first time.B.The average temperature at the Earths surface has become 2 cooler.C.The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased measurably. D.The amount of farmland worldwide has double解析：从第二段

41、The burning of fossilhave increased atmospheric carbon dioxide by a bout l5 percent in the last hundred years可知过去的 100年中，化石燃料的使用使得空气中二氧化碳增长了 15%，选项 C说二氧化碳增加量是可度量的，符合文意。9.The primary purpose of the passage is to _.（分数：2.00）A.discuss the significance of increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the a

42、tmosphere B.warn of the dangers of continued burning of fossil fuelsC.explain how a constant temperature is maintained in the Earths surfaceD.demonstrate the usefulness of mathematical models in predicting long-range climatic change解析：本文通过数学计算给出人们空气中 carbon dioxide的增加状况，并通过具体数字说明了其增加会带来什么后果，选项 A符合文意

43、。10.Which of the following best describes the authors attitude toward the increasing amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and its consequences?（分数：2.00）A.Objective yet concerned. B.Angry yet resigned.C.Completely detached.D.Incredulous.解析：本文作者用数字计算客观陈述了二氧化碳的现状，从第二段 Today，however， the potential

44、 problem is too much carbon dioxide等处可以看出作者对其增加是充满忧虑的。六、Passage 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)11.What can be inferred from the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The slower people lose weight, the less likely they are to achieve their goals.B.People who are on diet merely lose muscle and water.C.Regular exercises may reduce the

45、 chance of getting certain chronic diseases. D.Physical activity use muscle tissue as its main source of energy.解析：从文中第一段 most of the chronicailmentscould be tempered by regular exercise可推断规律性锻炼能够减少患慢性疾病的机率。12.Most middle-aged people get fatter, mainly because _.（分数：2.00）A.they made dietary changes

46、when they grow oldB.of their sedentary livingC.they dont exercise regularlyD.the chemical activity in their body that uses the food to produce energy slows down 解析：文中第四段给出中年人会发福的原因之一是 your metabolism would slow down as you get older，选项 D意思是体内用以产生能量的化学分解活动速度减慢，与原文新陈代谢减慢符合。13.The passage is mainly abo

47、ut _.（分数：2.00）A.how to keep fitB.how to lose weightC.the benefits brought about by regular exercises D.exercises and diet解析：文中叙述了 regular exercises能保持健康，也能 control weight，选项 C概括了这两个方面，符合文意。选项 A、B 不全面，文章不是在论述运动和饮食的关系，选项 D也不正确。14.Which of the following statements about weight control is NOT TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.The exercise is the secret to permanent and successful weight control.B.Combining exercises with a reduced-calorie diet makes it easier to lose weight.C.Healthy weight co