【考研类试卷】考博英语-531及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-531 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)1.Distance education is different from self-study in that it _.（分数：2.00）A.provides training-in-residence for studentsB.caters to the interest of each individual studentC.is available to vast majority of studentsD.offers instructi

2、onal service to students2.It is implied in the passage that students of distance education _.（分数：2.00）A.enjoy greater freedom in choosing the subjects to studyB.do not have to meet any enrolling requirement at allC.take longer to complete their study than college studentsD.can usually enter college

3、to work toward a degree3.In the third paragraph, the word “prospective“ probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.intelligentB.futureC.successfulD.hardworking4.Which of the following is true of distance education?（分数：2.00）A.The majority of the students fail to pass its examinations.B.Personal tutors are assigned

4、to students to offer regular help.C.Teachers and students communicate through correspondence.D.The courses are set up to suit the pace of each individual student.5.Which of the following questions does the passage seek to answer?（分数：2.00）A.Why is distance education important to the modem society.?B.

5、What is distance education?C.How does distance education different from self-study?D.How is distance education different from college education?6.According to the author, studying the elites also sheds light on poverty research because _.（分数：2.00）A.they are also members of the same society as the po

6、orB.they play an important role in creating and reproducing povertyC.solution of the poverty problem is at their mercyD.they know the living conditions of the poor better than other groups7.The word “pronounced“ in the last sentence of the passage probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.sympatheticB.conspicuous

7、C.identifiableD.unbridgeable8.In the eyes of the society, _.（分数：2.00）A.the poor tend to symbolize what lazy and evil people mm out to beB.the poor are not worthy of the sympathy the society shows themC.economic prejudice is more of an obstacle to the solution of povertyD.the non-poor should show mor

8、e sympathy for the poor9.In the passage, the author is mainly concerned with _.（分数：2.00）A.analyzing a problemB.providing a solutionC.defining a situationD.outlining a proposal10.While social scientists are devoting much of their effort to poverty research, _.（分数：2.00）A.not enough legal frameworks ha

9、ve been created to relieve the condition of the poorB.they have done little to actually provide relief programs for the poorC.they ignore the role of the elites as an object for poverty researchD.the poor people themselves do not much appreciate such effort11.To meet the production quota, it is of v

10、ital importance that _.（分数：2.00）A.every machine be utilized to its fullest capabilityB.problems be corrected at once whenever they ariseC.work shifts be arranged to yield the highest productivityD.the optimal staffing and budgeting arrangement be made12.What is the role of computers in the productio

11、n process?（分数：2.00）A.They Control the techniques of production.B.They keep each department well-informed.C.They monitor the progress and status of work.D.They transmit directions from the management to employees.13.The passage is mainly about _.（分数：2.00）A.the procedures for industrial productionB.th

12、e ways to raise working efficiency and productivityC.the importance of coordination in production activitiesD.the role of an industrial production manager14.The procurement department is in charge of _.（分数：2.00）A.purchasing the production materialsB.distributing the inventories in stockC.controlling

13、 the quality of the productsD.making constant communication with other departments15.Which of the following aspects is the focus of the fourth paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Quality control.B.Inventory control.C.Coordination of production activities.D.The necessity to obtain the latest information.16.Which of

14、 the following criticisms is often made of the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis?（分数：2.00）A.It has no empirical evidence in its favor.B.It is formulated on the basis of only one case study.C.Its applicability has been greatly exaggerated.D.No convincing examples can be found to support its claim.17.According t

15、o the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, if a culture has more expressions for certain concepts, it shows that _.（分数：2.00）A.these concepts are more important than othersB.the culture is very much advanced and civilizedC.other concepts will be perceived as unimportantD.these expressions developed earlier in the

16、 language18.Advocates of linguistic determinism insist that _.（分数：2.00）A.the realities constructed through different languages are differentB.language and thought are intimately related to each otherC.culture is shaped by language through which it expresses itselfD.both the culture and the mind dete

17、rmine the language to be used19.Towards the hypothesis, the authors attitude seems to be _.（分数：2.00）A.supportiveB.objectiveC.suspicionsD.critical20.Whorf himself tends to hold that _.（分数：2.00）A.culture is shaped by languageB.language determines thoughtC.language partially influences thoughtD.thought

18、s are based on language六、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：15.00)21.Every society has its own peculiar customs and _ of acting.（分数：0.50）A.waysB.attitudesC.behaviorD.means22.We must try to use our intellect _.（分数：0.50）A.to the greatest advantageB.for the most detailsC.by the rarest chanceD.of the greatest si

19、gnificance23.The mountainous areas of the country are _ populated.（分数：0.50）A.infrequentlyB.sparselyC.slightlyD.loosely24.His parents gave many expensive toys as a kind of _ for his lameness and inability to play active games.（分数：0.50）A.remedyB.compensationC.treatmentD.comfort25.China started its nuc

20、lear power industry only in recent years, and should _ no time in catching up.（分数：0.50）A.delayB.loseC.lagD.lessen26.Mr. Morton gradually _ a knowledge of the subject.（分数：0.50）A.attainedB.requiredC.acquiredD.enquired27.This man is _ to wine.（分数：0.50）A.addictedB.predictedC.dictatedD.evicted28.I decide

21、d to get in touch with him _ after I received his letter.（分数：0.50）A.promptlyB.quicklyC.hastilyD.urgently29.Mail service will be temporarily _ because of the strike of the postal workers.（分数：0.50）A.suspendedB.abridgedC.deprivedD.lessened30.If profit and money are your first _ , and commitment to peop

22、le your least concern, you have failed education.（分数：0.50）A.potentialityB.priorityC.superiorityD.responsibility31.If prompt measures are. taken, we are sure that illiteracy in this region can be _ in no time.（分数：0.50）A.eliminatedB.abandonedC.diminishedD.withdrawn32.Human facial expressions differ fr

23、om those of animals in the degree to which they can be _ controlled and modified.（分数：0.50）A.deliberatelyB.delicatelyC.definitelyD.defectively33.Advertising costs are no longer in reasonable _ to total cost of the product.（分数：0.50）A.relationshipB.matchC.measureD.proportion34.We had no way to measure

24、the exact distance we had traveled, but we thought it was _ ten miles.（分数：0.50）A.apparentlyB.appraisablyC.appropriatelyD.approximately35.Born of the same parents, he bears no _ his brothers.（分数：0.50）A.waits withB.resemblances toC.personalities betweenD.characters among36.When you get excited, try to

25、 hold yourself _.（分数：0.50）A.upB.downC.offD.in37.Our country was founded on the lofty principles of freedom and justice for all. Our lofty principles ought to be _.（分数：0.50）A.faced up toB.looked up toC.lived up toD.made up to38.If a person talks about his weaknesses, the listener is expected to say s

26、omething in the way of _.（分数：0.50）A.assuranceB.encouragementC.persuasionD.confirmation39.Many of the students have a grasp of the main structures, a reasonable vocabulary and a (n) _ idea of how to pronounce most words they come across.（分数：0.50）A.faintB.vagueC.obscureD.rough40.She was extremely luck

27、y; when her great-uncle died, she _ a fortune.（分数：0.50）A.came byB.came overC.came intoD.came about41.Its an offer that you wont get again, so I would _ it if I were you.（分数：0.50）A.relate toB.count onC.accept ofD.jump at42.It is a pity that spiteful remarks are _ with great speed.（分数：0.50）A.conveyedB

28、.consultedC.displayedD.confronted43.There is no electricity again. Has the _ blown then?（分数：0.50）A.fuseB.plugC.wireD.circuit44.The meal was excellent; the sour-pepper soup was particularly _.（分数：0.50）A.addictedB.deliciousC.tastefulD.desirable45.I would like to get another table like this one, but th

29、e company that made it is out of _.（分数：0.50）A.orderB.businessC.practice D, style46.The teacher gave the students extra work because she was _ by all the noise and talking in the classroom.（分数：0.50）A.interruptedB.degeneratedC.terminatedD.exasperated47.Dominic, the most _ pupil in class, will go to Ha

30、rvard to study this September.（分数：0.50）A.indigenousB.indiscreetC.indulgentD.industrious48.Your advice would be _ valuable to him, who is at present at his wits end.（分数：0.50）A.exceedinglyB.excessivelyC.extensivelyD.exclusively49.In almost all chemical-process plants, heat is _ by burning of fossil fu

31、els-coal, oil, or natural gas.（分数：0.50）A.transformedB.conductedC.transferredD.generated50.That battered old bat of his is a _ joke to all his friends.（分数：0.50）A.steadyB.standingC.persistingD.stable七、Part Cloze(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、The development of w(总题数：20，分数：10.00)51.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_52.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:

32、_53.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_54.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_55.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_56.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_57.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_58.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_59.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_60.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_61.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_62.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_63.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_64.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_65.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_66.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_67.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_68.（分数：0.50）填空

33、项 1:_69.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_70.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_九、Part English-Chine(总题数：0，分数：0.00)771.（分数：2.00）_72.（分数：2.00）_73.（分数：2.00）_十一、Part Chinese-Engli(总题数：1，分数：4.00)74.尽管我们对“学习”的理解不尽完善，然而我们对此已有不少了解。“学习”可以呈现不同的形式，也可以在许多情况下进行。一般来说，“学习”必然会引起行为的变化。“学习”导致人们行为发生变化时，这种变化常能持久。“学习”也许意味着对一系列细小而不相关的行为按新的顺序重新排列。就好比你在钢琴上学习

34、弹奏一首新的曲子。（分数：4.00）_十二、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：25.00)75.Outlines:1. New scientific discoveries nearly always bring to mankind a blessing;2. Yet sometimes scientific discoveries may prove a curse upon human race;3. The misuse of scientific discoveries must be prevented.（分数：25.00）_考博英语-531 答案解析(总分：100.00

35、，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)1.Distance education is different from self-study in that it _.（分数：2.00）A.provides training-in-residence for studentsB.caters to the interest of each individual studentC.is available to vast majority of studentsD.offers instructional service to students

36、 解析：从第二段第一句话“Distance education and self-study are differentSerf-study materials provide no instructional service”可以看出，远程教育与自学的不同之处在于自学不提供指导性的服务，所以选 D。2.It is implied in the passage that students of distance education _.（分数：2.00）A.enjoy greater freedom in choosing the subjects to study B.do not have

37、 to meet any enrolling requirement at allC.take longer to complete their study than college studentsD.can usually enter college to work toward a degree解析：从第四段和第五段可以判断，选项 A是正确的，C 和 D不对。从第三段第一句话可以判断 B错误。3.In the third paragraph, the word “prospective“ probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.intelligentB.future C.

38、successfulD.hardworking解析：在第三段“Quality distance education institutionsare enrolled”的这句话中讲到远程教育机构在招收学生之前要进行筛选，所以筛选之前的学生是“未来的”学生，因此推断 prospective的意思是“有希望的，有前途的”，所以选 B。4.Which of the following is true of distance education?（分数：2.00）A.The majority of the students fail to pass its examinations.B.Personal

39、 tutors are assigned to students to offer regular help.C.Teachers and students communicate through correspondence. D.The courses are set up to suit the pace of each individual student.解析：从第一段中“When each lesson is completedreturned promptly to the student.”可知，在远程教育中，师生通过通讯或媒体进行交流，所以 C正确。而 A，B，D 都不符合文

40、意。5.Which of the following questions does the passage seek to answer?（分数：2.00）A.Why is distance education important to the modem society.?B.What is distance education? C.How does distance education different from self-study?D.How is distance education different from college education?解析：因为文章第一句就回答了“

41、什么是远程教育”这个问题，接下来文章其他部分进一步阐述了远程教育各方面的问题，所以答案为 B。6.According to the author, studying the elites also sheds light on poverty research because _.（分数：2.00）A.they are also members of the same society as the poorB.they play an important role in creating and reproducing poverty C.solution of the poverty pro

42、blem is at their mercyD.they know the living conditions of the poor better than other groups解析：第二段中第一句话“The elites，who occupyas the poor themselves”指出，在贫困研究中，研究少数上层社会的名流以及他们在产生和再现贫穷方面所起的作用是一项有趣、重要的课题。所以选B。7.The word “pronounced“ in the last sentence of the passage probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.sympath

43、eticB.conspicuous C.identifiableD.unbridgeable解析：sympathetic 有同情心的；conspicuous 明显的；identifiable 可以确认的；unbridgeable 不能逾越的。最后一段中作者从不同的角度指出穷人与富人是两个不同社会。而这种区别在穷人与精英名流之间更是。由此推测 pronounced的意思是“显而易见的”。8.In the eyes of the society, _.（分数：2.00）A.the poor tend to symbolize what lazy and evil people mm out to

44、be B.the poor are not worthy of the sympathy the society shows themC.economic prejudice is more of an obstacle to the solution of povertyD.the non-poor should show more sympathy for the poor解析：第三段最后一句中说“Poverty and the poor servefor the rest of society”，意思是贫困和穷人起着某种重要的象征性作用，提醒每一位公民：忽视勤俭、勤奋和清洁的价值观，受穷

45、的命运必降临头上，即是说世人认为穷人象征懒惰、不洁身自好的人最终的下场，所以选 A。9.In the passage, the author is mainly concerned with _.（分数：2.00）A.analyzing a problem B.providing a solutionC.defining a situationD.outlining a proposal解析：文章主要涉及“穷人与贫困”这个问题，并对此进行了分析，作者并未提出解决问题的办法或构想某个建议，也未解释某个局面形成的原由。所以答案为 A。10.While social scientists are d

46、evoting much of their effort to poverty research, _.（分数：2.00）A.not enough legal frameworks have been created to relieve the condition of the poorB.they have done little to actually provide relief programs for the poorC.they ignore the role of the elites as an object for poverty research D.the poor people themselves do not much appreciate such effort解析：从第二段中“The elites have images ofin popular stereotypes”可知，