【考研类试卷】考博英语-416及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-416 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)1.How are the mass media said to influence our ability to make decisions?（分数：2.00）A.They disturb us by their prejudices.B.They make us doubt our own judgments.C.They make no contribution in this area.D.They make decisions which a

2、ppear too complicate2.What effect is it claimed the mass media can have on our intellectual and imaginative development?（分数：2.00）A.They are likely to frustrate this development.B.They can form a basis for it.C.They can distort our judgment.D.They can stimulate too much mental activity.3.The author u

3、ses the comparison with building a cathedral to show that _.（分数：2.00）A.worthwhile results do not depend on raw material onlyB.the mediaeval media had different beliefsC.great works of art require good foundationsD.close attention to detail is important4.The main weakness of the mass media is identif

4、ied by the author as _.（分数：2.00）A.fear of losing the customerB.the diverse views of the contributorsC.service to the profit motiveD.trying to cater for a vast range of audience5.According to the passage, the mass media present us with _.（分数：2.00）A.insufficient diversity for informationB.too restrict

5、ed a view of lifeC.a wide range of facts and opinionsD.a critical assessment of our society6.Which of the following conclusions would the author be most likely to agree wit about discrimination against women by private employers and by government employers?（分数：2.00）A.Both private employers and gover

6、nment employers discriminate with equal effects on womens earnings.B.Both private employers and government employers discriminate, but the discrimination by private employers has a greater effect on womens earnings.C.Both private employers and government employers discriminate, but the discriminatio

7、n by government employers has a greater effect on womens earnings.D.Private employers discriminate: it is possible that government employers discriminat7.According to Browns study, womens earning categories occur in _.（分数：2.00）A.government employment, self-employment, private employmentB.government

8、employment, private employment, self-employmentC.private employment, self-employment, government employmentD.private employment, government employment, self-employment8.A study of the practices of financial institutions that revealed no discrimination against self-employed women would tend to contra

9、dict（分数：2.00）A.some tentative results of Fuchs studyB.some explicit results of Browns studyC.a suggestion made by the authorD.Fuchs hypothesis9.Which of the following titles best describes the content of the passage as a whole?（分数：2.00）A.Why Discrimination Against Employed Women by Government Employ

10、ers and Private Employers Differs from Discrimination Against Self-Employed Women by Consumers?B.How Discrimination Affects Womens Choice of Type of Employment?C.The Relative Effect of Private Employer Discrimination on Mens Earnings as Compared to Womens Earnings.D.The Relative Effect of Discrimina

11、tion by Government Employers, Private Employers, and Consumers on Womens Earnings.10.The passage mentions all of the following as difficulties that self-employed women may encounter EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.discrimination form consumers and suppliersB.discrimination from financial institutionsC.problems

12、in obtaining good employeesD.problems in obtaining government assistance11.It can be inferred that the author of the passage expects that the experience of the student mentioned as having studied Wife in the Right would have one of the following effects. That is _.（分数：2.00）A.It would lead the studen

13、t to disregard information found in the Bibliotheca Britannica.B.It would teach the student to question the accuracy of certain kinds of information sources when studying neglected authors.C.It would teach the student to avoid the use of reference sources in studying neglected authors.D.It would enh

14、ance the students appreciation of the works of authors not included in the canon.12.The author of the passage is primarily concerned with _.（分数：2.00）A.revealing a commonly ignored deficiencyB.proposing a return to traditional terminologyC.describing an attempt to correct a shortcomingD.assessing the

15、 success of a new pedagogical approach13.Which of the following is a disadvantage of the strategy employed in the experimental scholarly methods course?（分数：2.00）A.Students were not given an opportunity to study women writers outside the canon.B.Students original work would not be appreciated by reco

16、gnized scholars.C.Most of the students in the course had had little opportunity to study eighteenth-century literature.D.Students were not given an opportunity to encounter certain sources of information that could prove useful in their future studies.14.Which of the following best describes the fun

17、ction of the last paragraph in relation to passage as a whole?（分数：2.00）A.It summarizes the benefits students can derive from the experimental scholarly methods course.B.It provides additional reasons why Griffiths works raises issues having to do with the canon of authors.C.It provides an illustrati

18、on of the immediate mature of the experiences students can derive from the experimental scholarly methods course.D.It contrasts the experience of a student in the experimental scholarly methods course with the experience of a student in the traditional cours15.Which of the following best states the

19、“particular pedagogical purpose“ mentioned in paragraph 3?（分数：2.00）A.To minimize the trivial aspects of the traditional scholarly methods course.B.To provide students with information about Griffiths work.C.To encourage scholarly rigor in students own research.D.To reestablish Griffiths reputation a

20、s an author.16.The word “pristine“ in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _.（分数：2.00）A.basicB.generalC.pureD.objective17.According to the article, _.（分数：2.00）A.our concepts of the true and the false are influenced by our traditional customsB.we always look at the world with pristine eyesC.philosoph

21、ers try to explain stereotypesD.traditional customs are more important than philosophies18.From John Dewey we can infer that _.（分数：2.00）A.custom plays an important role in shaping the behavior of an individualB.the behavior of an individual is not influenced by customsC.the words of ones baby talk t

22、ake a great proportion in the vocabulary of ones mother tongueD.all the vocabulary of ones mother tongue originates from ones baby talk19.From the article we eau infer that we are influenced by customs _.（分数：2.00）A.from the moment of our birthB.when we can talkC.when we grow upD when we go to school

23、20.We can infer from the passage that the author thinks that _.（分数：2.00）A.custom can never be a subject of great momentB.only the inner workings of our brain is worthy of investigationC.custom plays a prominent role in our experience and in beliefD.traditional customs axe very astonishing六、Part Voca

24、bulary(总题数：30，分数：15.00)21.Smith failed to _ for the deficit in the companys bank balance.（分数：0.50）A.checkB.accountC.questD.prepare22.in 1955 Martin Luthor King, Jr., gained national _ for his nonviolent methods used in a bus boycott in Montgomery.（分数：0.50）A.realizationB.permissionC.recognitionD.revo

25、lution23.Nowadays, our government advocates credit to whatever we do or whoever we contact with. Once you _ your words, you will lose your social status and personal reputation.（分数：0.50）A.keep up withB.give away fromC.go back onD.lose sight of24.No one could come up with an easy solution to the gove

26、rnment s predicamentlabor _. which is caused by the wars.（分数：0.50）A.declineB.vacancyC.rarityD.shortage25.Once the baby has mastered the idea that space is three-dimensional, it out and begins grasping various kinds of objects.（分数：0.50）A.shoutsB.reachesC.aimsD.pull26.He became aware that he had lost

27、his audience since he had not been able to talk _ around one topic.（分数：0.50）A.coherentlyB.initiativelyC.flexiblyD.pointedly27.Peoples confidence in Blair was greatly _ by his wifes misbehavior.（分数：0.50）A.sappedB.cherishedC.sabotagedD.confirmed28.The official was arrested for inability to _ all his f

28、ortune he has enjoyed.（分数：0.50）A.clarifyB.intensifyC.verifyD.justify29.Advanced mammals such as monkeys, apes and humans have brains _ from ancestors that took to living in the trees.（分数：0.50）A.derivedB.progressedC.terminatedD.advanced30.In ancient times, some catastrophic extinction of species occu

29、rred _.（分数：0.50）A.sequentiallyB.repeatedlyC.naturallyD.intentionally31.Language, like food, is a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life might be _ and damaged.（分数：0.50）A.starvedB.stunnedC.shockedD.segregated32.It is the central government that has _ the coastal economies

30、 preferential policies.（分数：0.50）A.deliveredB.grantedC.submittedD.given33.The private detective, having received new information from a confidential source, narrowed down the _ of his enquiry into the case.（分数：0.50）A.aspectB.sphereC.dimensionD.scope34.To the great disappointment of the public, the wa

31、nted in the murder case so far remains _.（分数：0.50）A.at largeB.in freedomC.at easeD.in prison35.When he lived in Tibet in 1950s, radio was the only means he had to keep of current events in the country.（分数：0.50）A.responseB.trackC.recordD.trace36.The earthquake happened in south Xinjiang on Feb. 24. T

32、his _ killed 266 people.（分数：0.50）A.causalityB.collapseC.calamityD.crater37.The world-famous British Museum which houses a _ collection of valuable books, paintings, works of arts, etc. attracts millions of visitors every year.（分数：0.50）A.immersibleB.miscellaneousC.overwhelmingD.unified38.The whole pr

33、ogram is well designed, but some details need further _ by some experts.（分数：0.50）A.proofingB.modifyingC.demonstrating D, polishing39.Stressful environment leads to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating habits, which _ increase the risk of high blood pressure and heart disease.（分数：0.50）A.in mmB.by

34、chanceC.by fortuneD.in case40.Difficult as it is, English study is in the long run _ to a learner in his or her career development.（分数：0.50）A.advantageousB.rewardingC.profitableD.earning41.Influenced by the environment, childrens minds _ bits and pieces of data when they grow up.（分数：0.50）A.take onB.

35、pick inC.work outD.put down42.After some time the second stage of the space shuttle, having used up its fuel, just like the booster, separates and _.（分数：0.50）A.runs awayB.charges forC.falls offD.merges into43.The professor gave _ instruction to the whole class so as to make every student understand

36、how to conduct the experiment in the lab.（分数：0.50）A.explicitB.afflictiveC.authoritativeD.oblivious44.He gradually _ that his wife was right and he had to change his way of living.（分数：0.50）A.exploredB.repelledC.simplifiedD.perceived45.Though this apparatus is expensive, the patient agreed to use it a

37、fter the operation because it could _ the pain.（分数：0.50）A.assessB.alleviateC.avengeD.affirm46.The meeting was over _ by the mayor to discuss the toll of crossing the bridges in Wuhan.（分数：0.50）A.propelledB.presumedC.presidedD.pricked47.In a barter economy, finding somebody who wanted to trade his old

38、 car _ a sailboat might not always be an easy task.（分数：0.50）A.in terms ofB.by auction forC.by way ofD.in exchange for48.Cosmic rays of various kinds come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are _ off.（分数：0.50）A.avoidedB.excludedC.screenedD.separated49.

39、Cigarette smoking is a great health _ and may lead to fatal diseases.（分数：0.50）A.oppositionB.protagonistC.faultD.hazard50.The United States court system is characterized by _ hierarchies: there are both state and federal courts.（分数：0.50）A.doubleB.complexC.simpleD.dual七、Part Cloze(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Are

40、you always sure (总题数：20，分数：10.00)51.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_52.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_53.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_54.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_55.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_56.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_57.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_58.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_59.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_60.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_61.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_62.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_63.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_64.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_6

41、5.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_66.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_67.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_68.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_69.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_70.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_九、Part English-Chine(总题数：0，分数：0.00)771.（分数：2.00）_72.（分数：2.00）_73.（分数：2.00）_十一、Part Chines-Englis(总题数：1，分数：4.00)74.自从理查德尼克松向癌症宣战以来已经有三十年了。其间，不少专家、学者耗费巨资试图寻找各种方法以攻克这个难题。但是今天的癌症死亡率与七十年代仍旧差不多

42、一样高。美国妇女中死于乳腺癌患者是世界上许多其他国家的五到三十倍。在泰国每十万妇女中仅 2至 5人死于乳腺癌，而美国的妇女会有30至 40人遭此厄运。就其原因，没有人会否认其与饮食很有关系。有些科学家认为：“每天人们摄入二至三磅食物，这是我们与环境最大范围的接触。”因此人们必须十分重视良好的饮食习惯。虽说正确的饮食习惯不能根除世界上的癌症，但它有利于减少患癌症的风险。（分数：4.00）_十二、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：25.00)75.3我对中国大学英语教学改革的看法与建议。（分数：25.00）_考博英语-416 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Par

43、t Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)1.How are the mass media said to influence our ability to make decisions?（分数：2.00）A.They disturb us by their prejudices.B.They make us doubt our own judgments.C.They make no contribution in this area. D.They make decisions which appear too complicate解析：根据第二段整体考虑。2.What

44、effect is it claimed the mass media can have on our intellectual and imaginative development?（分数：2.00）A.They are likely to frustrate this development.B.They can form a basis for it. C.They can distort our judgment.D.They can stimulate too much mental activity.解析：答案可以从第一段第三句找到。3.The author uses the c

45、omparison with building a cathedral to show that _.（分数：2.00）A.worthwhile results do not depend on raw material only B.the mediaeval media had different beliefsC.great works of art require good foundationsD.close attention to detail is important解析：作者用建大教堂这个比喻说明有价值的结果不仅仅依靠原材料。答案可以从第一段倒数第二句找到。4.The mai

46、n weakness of the mass media is identified by the author as _.（分数：2.00）A.fear of losing the customerB.the diverse views of the contributorsC.service to the profit motive D.trying to cater for a vast range of audience解析：作者认为大众传播媒介的主要弱点是为了获得利益，可以根据第二段倒数第二句，第三句。5.According to the passage, the mass media present us with _.（分数：2.00）A.insufficient diversity for informationB.too restricted a view of lifeC.a wide range of facts and opinions D.a critical a