【考研类试卷】考博英语-383及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-383 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：15.00)1.He obviously displayed a great _ for some of your poems.（分数：0.50）A.consentB.admirationC.respectD.pleasure2.He is a(n) _ and well-behaved child, but his parents worry about him for he talks too little.（分数：0.50）A.obedientB.transien

2、tC.consciousD.passionate3.Some educators try to put students of similar abilities into the same class because they believe this kind of _ grouping is advisable.（分数：0.50）A.homogenousB.instantaneousC.spontaneousD.anonymous4.Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, o

3、r have some other _.（分数：0.50）A.bruisesB.blundersC.handicapsD.drawbacks5.With a wave of his hand, the magician made the duck _（分数：0.50）A.scatterB.vanishC.abandonD.fly away6.A man has to make_ for his old age by putting aside enough to live on when old.（分数：0.50）A.supplyB.assuranceC.provisionD.adjustme

4、nt7.It is probably both that he is going to the meeting on time _ by the morning traffic jam.（分数：0.50）A.and that he might be delayedB.or that he might be delayedC.and he might be delayedD.otherwise that he might be delayed8.Military orders are _ and cannot be disobeyed.（分数：0.50）A.defectiveB.conserva

5、tiveC.alternativeD.imperative9.Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, whereas the behavior of an animal depends mainly on _.（分数：0.50）A.consciousnessB.impulseC.instinctD.response10.According to a growing number of experts, it is already technically _ to construct a pioneering space colony, p

6、owered by solar energy.（分数：0.50）A.practicalB.flexibleC.feasibleD.beneficial11.The storm sweeping over this area now is sure to cause _ of vegetables in the coming days.（分数：0.50）A.rarityB.scarcityC.invalidityD.variety12.There is no doubt that the _ of these goods to the others is easy to see.（分数：0.50

7、）A.prestigeB.superiorityC.priorityD.publicity13.These areas rely on agriculture almost _, having few mineral recourses and a minimum of industrial development.（分数：0.50）A.respectivelyB.extraordinarilyC.incrediblyD.exclusively14.In many cultures people who were thought to have the ability to _ dreams

8、were likely to be highly respected.（分数：0.50）A.interpretB.interveneC.inheritD.impact15.The _ of a society, club, etc, are the records of its doings, especially as published each year.（分数：0.50）A.proceduresB.processesC.proceedingsD.projects16.Earl was balancing himself on top of the fence when he lost

9、his _ and fell off.（分数：0.50）A.equilibriumB.equivalenceC.equivalentD.equation17.It took a lot of imagination to come up with such an _ plan.（分数：0.50）A.inherentB.ingeniousC.infectiousD.indulgent18.This dictionary is _ intended for American learners of Chinese.（分数：0.50）A.especiallyB.particularlyC.speci

10、ficallyD.uniquely19.After several nuclear disasters, a _ has raged over the safety of nuclear energy.（分数：0.50）A.quarrelB.suspicionC.verdictD.controversy20.There are some _ between their two descriptions; we are puzzled which we should believe.（分数：0.50）A.discrepanciesB.distractionsC.diversionsD.discr

11、etion21.Mary once _ with another musician to compose a piece of pop music.（分数：0.50）A.mergedB.collaboratedC.coincidedD.constituted22.Some researchers feel that certain people have nervous systems particularly _ to hot, dry winds. They are what we call weather-sensitive people.（分数：0.50）A.subjectiveB.s

12、ubordinateC.liableD.vulnerable23.A UN official said that aid programs would be _ until there was adequate protection for relief convoy.（分数：0.50）A.dependedB.suspendedC.postponedD.expended24.Outsiders have _ the success of Eastern Asias economics with admiration, wondermentand sometimes hostility.（分数：

13、0.50）A.gazedB.glancedC.contemplatedD.peered25.Equipment not _ official safety standards has all been removed from the workshop.（分数：0.50）A.conforming toB.consistent withC.predominant overD.providing for26.The point at _ at the meeting is whether they are to import the assembly line.（分数：0.50）A.argumen

14、tB.controversyC.issueD.conflict27.Keys should never be hidden around the house since thieves _ know where to look.（分数：0.50）A.virtuallyB.initiallyC.invariablyD.infinitely28.They had planned to go outing this weekend, but they finally had to _ it because of therainy weather.（分数：0.50）A.cancelB.eliminat

15、eC.delayD.prolong29.Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was _ in tropic countries.（分数：0.50）A.prospectiveB.prevalentC.provocativeD.perpetual30.All the people in the stadium cheered up when they saw hundreds of colorful balloons _ slowly into the sky.（分数：0.50）A.ascendingB.elevatingC.e

16、scalatingD.lingering二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.In times of inflation _.（分数：2.00）A.people like private or public investmentB.there is usually full plant capacityC.creditors suffer more than other peopleD.everyone suffers and no one gains32.“Historical patterns“ m

17、entioned in the passage means that in mild inflation _.（分数：2.00）A.there will be more production and employmentB.private investment will be moderate and peoples income influencedC.the bad effects of the two evils will be associated with each otherD.industrial revolution made men and women more equal3

18、3.Which of the following is clearly the authors own opinion?（分数：2.00）A.The lesser of the two evils is not deflation but inflation.B.Peoples income is influenced by both inflation and deflation.C.Investment is good in times of deflation and unemployment.D.Private and public investment can cause infla

19、tion during deflation.34.The authors attitude towards investment is that _.（分数：2.00）A.the more the investment, the better thc economyB.private investment is better than public investmentC.investment should be set to a limitD.investment at the time of inflation is considered better than at the time o

20、f deflation35.Which of the following happens if there is mild inflation?（分数：2.00）A.Everyone loses because of the increase of prices.B.Retired people do experience any influence.C.Creditors gain rather than lose with a rise in interest rates.D.Some people gain more while other los四、Passage 2(总题数：5，分数

21、：10.00)36.In the authors opinion, all the following are to blame for crime EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.societyB.the criminals themselvesC.the suspension of life sentenceD.the defenders role37.What is the tone of the text?（分数：2.00）A.Critical.B.Cynical.C.Ironic.D.Humorous.38.What is the main idea of the text?

22、（分数：2.00）A.Society is to blame for the rising crime.B.All the criminals arc to be sympathized.C.Crime defenders have done a lot for criminals.D.Severe punishment should be used to prevent crim39.The word “deterrent“(Line 1, Par（分数：2.00）A.3) most probably means“ _ “.A. threatB. delayC. determinationD

23、. hindrance40.What is the authors attitude toward capital punishment?（分数：2.00）A.Negative.B.Sympathetic.C.Supportive.D.Neutral.五、Passage 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)41.According to the passage, the most difficult task of fining a rocket is _.（分数：2.00）A.to get the rocket into the spaceB.to calculate the rockets

24、velocity of escapeC.to guide the rocket after it leaves the Earths surfaceD.to identify the gravitational fields of the Earth and the moon42.A rocket might miss its target, by a “wide margin“. This means the rocket missed the target _.（分数：2.00）A.because of mechanical failureB.by a great dealC.by a s

25、mall distanceD.because the target moved43.This passage deals mainly with _.（分数：2.00）A.the gravitational pull of the Earth and the moonB.the factors involved in firing a rocket into the outer-spaceC.the gravitational fields of the Earth and the moonD.the speed and direction of a rocket traveling in t

26、he outer-space44.It can be seen that if a rocket misses its target, it keeps on traveling through space until _.（分数：2.00）A.it burns upB.it is caught in the gravitational field of another planetC.it is brought back to the Earth by scientistsD.it runs out of fuel45.Precise calculations are _.（分数：2.00）

27、A.good guessesB.simple problemsC.big errorsD.exact六、Passage 4(总题数：5，分数：10.00)46.The author argues that the social insurance system should _.（分数：2.00）A.provide benefits for the old, sick and unemployedB.encourage people to take on more social obligationsC.guarantee everybody the right to be employedD

28、.provide everyone the right to a minimum subsistence for a certain period47.Now it is widely accepted that _.（分数：2.00）A.the present system of social insurance should be improvedB.everybody should be granted a minimum of subsistence without any “reason“C.everybody has the right to share the wealth of

29、 countryD.people have to change their attitude towards the poor48.According to the author, a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum _.（分数：2.00）A.demands too much from societyB.makes freedom of contract impossibleC.helps people take interest in their workD.helps bring about changes in the relations

30、hip among people49.People used to think that poverty and unemployment were due to _.（分数：2.00）A.the slow development of the economyB.the poor and jobless peoples own faultsC.the lack of responsibility on the part of the societyD.the large number Of people who were not well-educated50.The word “fallac

31、y“ means _.（分数：2.00）A.doubtB.factC.strong argumentD.wrong belief七、Passage 5(总题数：5，分数：10.00)51.The money most American firms put in work force training mainly goes on _.（分数：2.00）A.technological and managerial staffB.workers who will run new equipmentC.workers who lack of basic background skillsD.top

32、executive52.Why is there a slow pace of technological change in American firms?（分数：2.00）A.New equipment is more expensive in America.B.American firms dont pay enough attention to on-the-job training of their workers.C.he decision making process in American fams makes them less responsive to technolo

33、gical changes.D.The professional staff of American firms are less paid and so less creativ53.What is the position of the executive of human-resource management in American firms?（分数：2.00）A.He is one of the most important executives of the firm.B.His position is likely to disappear when new technolog

34、ies have been introduced.C.He has no saying in making important decisions of the firm.D.He is directly under the chief financial executiv54.What is the main idea of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.American firms human resource management strategies affect their competitive capacity.B.Human resource managemen

35、t is a key factor in a firms survival.C.The cost of work training in America is higher than that in Japan and Germany.D.American firms are different from Japanese and German firms in human resource management.55.Which of the following applies to the human resource management of American companies?（分

36、数：2.00）A.They hire people with the least possible money regardless of their skills.B.They see skill gaining as their employees own business.C.They prefer to hire self-trained workers.D.They only hire skilled workers because of keen employment competition.八、Part Cloze(总题数：0，分数：0.00)九、Computers may on

37、e da(总题数：20，分数：10.00)56.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_57.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_58.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_59.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_60.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_61.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_62.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_63.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_64.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_65.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_66.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_67.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_68.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_69.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_70.（分数：0.50）填

38、空项 1:_71.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_72.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_73.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_74.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_75.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_十、Part Translation(总题数：3，分数：5.00)76.Professional literatures have been regarded as “intangible assets“ of the whole world because they are, on one hand, the summary, generalization, and development o

39、f the achievement obtained on the basis of previous experiences or studies, and on the other hand, they have been accumulated and handed down from generation to generation. In this sense, therefore, all kinds of literatures are records of previous research findings and academic achievements, and cry

40、stallization of human civilization.（分数：2.00）_77.History has proved that mans understanding of natural resources and his taping and utilizing of them, as well as his capability of making tools of production to make use of these resources, are a milestone to the level of development of social producti

41、ve forces. And they too, to some extent, have decided the basic structure and pattern of development of a given society.（分数：2.00）_78.In reality, the lines of division between sciences are becoming blurred, and science again approaching the “unity“ that it had two centuries ago-although the accumulat

42、ed knowledge is enormously greater now, and no one person can hope to comprehend more than a fraction of it.（分数：1.00）_十一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：10.00)79.ONE MAJOR PROBLEM IN THE PROCESS OF URBANIZATION（分数：10.00）_考博英语-383 答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：15.00)1.He obviously displa

43、yed a great _ for some of your poems.（分数：0.50）A.consentB.admiration C.respectD.pleasure解析：解析 本题中，B 项 admiration“钦佩，赞美，羡慕”符合题意，如：MrBrown seemed to display no feelings when they told him the news他们把消息告诉布朗先生时，他好像无动于衷。其他三项 consent“同意，赞成，允诺”：respect“尊敬，敬重”：pleasure“愉快，快乐，乐事”都不正确。2.He is a(n) _ and well-b

44、ehaved child, but his parents worry about him for he talks too little.（分数：0.50）A.obedient B.transientC.consciousD.passionate解析：解析 本题空格处是说他是个孝顺和循规蹈矩的孩子。A 项 obedient“服从的，孝顺的”符合题意，如：be obedient to ones parents(顺从父母/孝顺父母)。其他三项 transient“短暂的，瞬时的”；conscious“有意识的，有知觉的，故意的，羞怯的”：passionate“充满热情的”都不正确。3.Some

45、educators try to put students of similar abilities into the same class because they believe this kind of _ grouping is advisable.（分数：0.50）A.homogenous B.instantaneousC.spontaneousD.anonymous解析：解析 本题中，A 项 homogenous“同质的，纯系的”符合题意。其他三项 instantaneous“瞬间的，即刻的，即时的”；spontaneous“白发的，自然产生的”；anonymous“匿名的”都不正

46、确。4.Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other _.（分数：0.50）A.bruisesB.blundersC.handicapsD.drawbacks 解析：解析 本题是说很多纯金属无法使用，因此它们太软、易生锈、或有些其他的缺陷。D 项drawbacks“缺点，障碍”符合题意。其他三项 bruises“瘀伤，擦伤”；blunders“大错，失误”：handicaps“妨碍，使不利，阻碍”都不正确。5.With a wave of his hand, the magician made the duck _（分数：0.50）A.scatterB.vanish C.abandonD.fly away解析：解析 本题空格处是说魔术师使鸭子消失了。B 项 vanish“消失，突然不见”符合题意，如：I thought it would rain，but the clouds have vanished and its a fine day我