【考研类试卷】考博英语-375及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-375 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.They are a firm of good repute and have large financial_.（分数：1.00）A.reservesB.savingsC.storagesD.resources2.The wealth of a country should be measured_the health and happiness of its people as well as the material goods it ca

2、n produce.（分数：1.00）A.in line withB.in terms ofC.in regard withD.by means of3.My students found the book_;it provided them with an abundance of information on the subject.（分数：1.00）A.enlighteningB.confusingC.distractingD.amusing4.By 1929, Mickey Mouse was as popular_children as Coca-Col（分数：1.00）A.A. f

3、orB. inC. toD. with5.Over a third of the population was estimated to have no_to the health service.（分数：1.00）A.assessmentB.assignmentC.exceptionD.access6.It is_of you to turn down the radio while your sister is still ill in bed.（分数：1.00）A.considerableB.considerateC.concernedD.careful7.Because Edgar w

4、as convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he_his opinion.（分数：1.00）A.struck atB.strove forC.stuck toD.stood for8.Floods cause billions of dollars worth of property damage_.（分数：1.00）A.relativelyB.actuallyC.annuallyD.comparatively9.In the past 10 years, the company has gradually_all of its smaller riv

5、als.（分数：1.00）A.engagedB.occupiedC.monopolizedD.absorbed10.When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them_.（分数：1.00）A.offB.asideC.outD.down11.Frequently single-parent children_some of the functions that the absent adult in the house would have served.（分数：1.00）A.take of

6、fB.take afterC.take inD.take on12.Every chemical change either results from energy being used to produce the change, or causes energy to be_in some form.（分数：1.00）A.given offB.put outC.set offD.used up13.He has failed me so many times that I no longer place any_on what he promises.（分数：1.00）A.faithB.b

7、eliefC.creditD.reliance14.In this factory the machines are not regulated_but are jointly controlled by. a central computer system.（分数：1.00）A.independentlyB.individuallyC.irrespectivelyD.irregularly15.The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things,_is often the

8、 case in other countries.（分数：1.00）A.asB.whatC.soD.that16.Our corporations obligation under this_is limited to repair or replacement.（分数：1.00）A.warrantyB.licenseC.marketD.necessity17.In 1914, an apparently insignificant event in a remote part of Eastern Europe _Europe into a great war.（分数：1.00）A.inse

9、rtedB.imposedC.pitchedD.plunged18.Professor Taylors talk has indicated that science has a very strong_on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists.（分数：1.00）A.motivationB.perspectiveC.impressionD.impact19.Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financial syste

10、m will_down the economy.（分数：1.00）A.putB.settleC.dragD.knock20.These goods are_for export, though a few of them may be sold on the home market.（分数：1.00）A.essentiallyB.completelyC.necessarilyD.remarkably二、Section Cloze(总题数：1，分数：15.00)In Zurich, a leading canton in the Swiss Confederation, it has been

11、proposed to teach one foreign languageEnglishin primary schools. This would represent a change (21) Zurichs elementary school kids now study English and French. Voters will decide whether French will be (22) Some educators (23) that two foreign languages are too much for kids. Supporters of one fore

12、ign language believe that kids fail to reach strong (24) in German, the mother tongue for schoolchildren in Zurich.In fact, Zurich kids speak Swiss German, which is (25) an oral language. In school they have to learn standard German, which (26) is a foreign language. (27) you add them all together Z

13、urich kids are learning four languages.All of Switzerland will watch what Zurich voters decide because Zurich is an influential canton and others may (28) . Yet some German-speaking cantons have already decided to (29) plans to reduce the number of foreign languages.(30) what happens, Swiss kids wil

14、l be fluent in more than one language which is a definite asset in todays (31) economy. It is also a definite asset in learning other subjects. Studies (32) in American universities have found that kids who study in duallanguage schools outperform their (33) who are taught in English only. Apparentl

15、y, kids educated in two languages develop a mental (34) that monolingual kids lack. Perhaps four languages are too many in elementary schools, but two is not (35) at all.（分数：15.00）A.whichB.sinceC.even ifD.now thatA.replacedB.mergedC.droppedD.carriedA.believeB.opposeC.persistD.realizeA.abilityB.inter

16、estC.prominenceD.fluencyA.naturallyB.potentiallyC.primarilyD.normallyA.in some waysB.by no meansC.at any rateD.as a resultA.ThereforeB.WhenC.UnlessD.YetA.look forwardB.follow suitC.stand byD.go aheadA.ignoreB.keepC.makeD.rejectA.Regardless ofB.Due toC.In case ofD.As toA.localB.nationalC.globalD.regi

17、onalA.releasedB.producedC.investigatedD.conductedA.predecessorsB.counterpartsC.opponentsD.companionsA.agilityB.agonyC.accessD.accuracyA.unnecessaryB.unpleasantC.unrealisticD.undesirable三、Section Reading Co(总题数：4，分数：20.00)1The period of adolescence, i.e. , the period between childhood and adulthood,

18、may be long or short depending on social expectations and on societys definition as to what constitutes maturity and adulthood. In primitive societies adolescence was frequently a relatively short period of time, while in industrial society with patterns of prolonged education coupled with laws agai

19、nst child labor, the period of adolescence is much longer and may include most of the second decade of ones life. Furthermore, the length of the adolescent period and the definition of adulthood status may change in a given society as social and eco- nomic conditions change. Examples of this type of

20、 change are the disappearance of the fron- tier in the latter part of the nineteenth century in the United States, and more universally, the industrialization of an agricultural society.In modern society, ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance and the

21、re no longer is agreement as to what constitutes initiation ceremonies. Social ones have been replaced by a sequence of steps that lead to increased recog- nition and social status. For example, grade school graduation, high school graduation and college graduation constitute such a sequence, and wh

22、ile each step implies certain behavioral changes and social recognition, the significance of each depends on the socio-economic status and the educational ambition of the individual. Ceremonies for adolescence have also been replaced by legal definitions of status, roles, rights, privileges and resp

23、onsibilities. It is during the nine years from the twelfth birthday to the twenty-first that the protective and restrictive aspects of childhood and minor status are removed and adult privileges and responsibilities are granted. The twelve-year-old is no longer considered a child and has to pay full

24、 fare for train, airplane, theater and movie tickets. Basically, the individual at this age loses childhood privileges without gaining significant adult rights. At the age of sixteen the adolescent is granted certain adult rights which increase his social status by pro- viding him with more freedom

25、and choices. He now can obtain a drivers license; he can leave public schools; and he can work without the restrictions of child labor laws. At the age of eighteen the law provides adult responsibilities as well as rights. The young man can now be a soldier, but he also can marry without parental pe

26、rmission. At the age of twenty-one the individual obtains his full legal rights as adult. He now can vote, he can buy liquor, he can enter into financial contracts, and he is entitled to run for pubic office. No additional basic rights are acquired as a function of age after maturity status has been

27、 attained. None of these legal provisions determine at what points adulthood has been reached but they do point to the prolonged period of adolescence.（分数：5.00）(1).The period of adolescence is much longer in industrial societies because_.（分数：1.00）A.the definition of maturity has changedB.the industr

28、ialized society is more developedC.more education is provided and laws against child labor are madeD.ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic signifi- cance(2).Former social ceremonies that used to mark adolescence have given place to_.（分数：1.00）A.graduations from sc

29、hool and collegesB.social recognitionC.socio-economic statusD.certain behavioral changes(3).No one can expect to fully enjoy the adulthood privileges until he is_.（分数：1.00）A.eleven years oldB.sixteen years oldC.twenty-one years oldD.between twelve and twenty-one years old(4).Starting from 22_.（分数：1.

30、00）A.one will obtain more basic rightsB.the older one becomes, the more basic rights he will haveC.one wont get more basic rights than when he is 21D.one will enjoy more rights granted by society(5).According to the passage, it is true that_.（分数：1.00）A.in the late 19th century in the United States t

31、he dividing line between adolescence and adulthood no longer existedB.no one can marry without the permission of his parents until the age of twenty-oneC.one is considered to have reached adulthood when he has a drivers licenseD.one is not free from the restrictions of child labor laws until he can

32、join the army2At home Theodore Roosevelt had affection, not compliments, whether these were unintentional and sincere or were thinly disguised flattery. And affection was what he most craved from his family and nearest friends, and what he gave to them without stint. As I have said, he allowed nothi

33、ng to interrupt the hours set apart for his wife and children while he was at the White House; and at Oyster Bay there was always time for them. A typical story is told of the boys coming in upon him during a conference with some important visitor, and saying reproachfully, “Its long after four oclo

34、ck, and you promised to go with us at four. “ “So I did,“ said Roosevelt. And he quickly finished his business with the visitor and went. When the children were young, he usually saw them at supper and into bed, and he talked of the famous pillow fights they had with him. House guests at the White H

35、ouse some times unexpectedly caught sight of him crawling in the entry near the childrens rooms, with two or three children riding on his hack. Roosevelts days were seldom less than fifteen hours long, and we can guess how he regarded the laboring men of today who clamor for eight and six, and even

36、fewer hours, as the normal period for a days work. He got up at half-past seven and always finished breakfast by nine, when what many might call the real work of his day began.The unimaginative laborer probably supposes that most of the duties which fall to all industrious President are not strictly

37、 work at all;but if any one had to meet for an hour and a half every forenoon such Congressmen and Senators as chose to call on him, he would understand that that was a job involving real work, hard work. They came every day with a grievance, or an appeal, or a suggestion, or a favor to ask, and he

38、had to treat each one, not only politely, but more or less differently. Early in his Administration I heard it said that he offended some Congressmen by denying their requests in so loud a voice that others in the room could hear him, and this seemed to some a humilia- tion. President McKinley, on t

39、he other hand, they said, lowered his voice, and spoke so softly and sweetly that even his refusal did not jar on his visitor, and was not heard at all by the bystanders. If this happened, I suspect it was because Roosevelt spoke rather explosively and had a habit of emphasis, and not because he wis

40、hed in any way to send his petitioners rebuff through the room.Nor was the hour which followed this, when he received general callers, less wearing. As these persons came from all parts of the Union, so they were of all sorts and temperaments. Here was a worthy citizen from Colorado who, on the stre

41、ngth of having once heard the President make a public speech in Denver, claimed immediate friendship with him. Then might come an old lady from Georgia, who remembered his mothers people there, or the lady from Jacksonville, Florida, of whom I have already spoken. Once a little boy, who was almost l

42、ost in the crush of grown-up visitors, managed to reach the President. “What can I do for you?“ the President asked; and the boy told how his father had died leaving his mother with a large family and no money, and how he was selling typewriters to help support her. His mother, he said, would be mos

43、t grateful if the President would accept a typewriter from her as a gift. So the President told the little fellow to go and sit down until the other visitors had passed, and then he would attend to him. No doubt, the boy left the White House well contented-and richer.（分数：5.00）(1).From the stories wh

44、ich exemplify Roosevelts affection for his family members, we can infer that_.（分数：1.00）A.he was not flexible with his scheduleB.the President tried to fulfill his promises to themC.he would stopped whatever he was doing for themD.the President apologized to them when he could not stay with them(2).W

45、hat might an unimaginative laborer think of the Presidents duties?（分数：1.00）A.Those duties were nothing for President Roosevelt.B.What the President did was to meet Congressmen and Senators.C.Many Congressmen and Senators liked to meet the President.D.The President thought his duties involved real an

46、d hard work.(3).According to the author, Theodore Roosevelt_.（分数：1.00）A.was a hard-working PresidentB.tried to reduce the length of his workdayC.really appreciated the idea of eight or six hours per workdayD.wished to work with the laboring men of today(4).How was President Roosevelts offending deni

47、al of some Congressmens requests explained?（分数：1.00）A.The Congressmen fell humiliated.B.The President was easy to lose his temper.C.President McKinley helped to change the embarrassing situations.D.President Roosevelt had a rather forceful speaking manner.(5).How did the President treat the boy who

48、had lost his father?（分数：1.00）A.He asked the boy to leave immediately.B.He accepted a typewriter as a gift from the boys mother.C.He would rather stay alone with the boy.D.He would help the boy and the poor family.3World Trade Organization Director-general Renato Ruggiero predicted that the WTO would

49、 boost global incomes by 1 trillion in the next ten years. The pact paves the way for more foreign investment and competition in telecom markets. Many governments are making telecom deregulation a priority and making it easier for outsiders to enter the telecom- munication business.The pace varies widely. The U. S. and Britain are well ahead of the pack, while Thai- land wont be fully open until 2006. Only 20% of the 601 billion