【考研类试卷】考博英语-369及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-369 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SectionListening Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section Reading Co(总题数：2，分数：10.00)1There has been a lot of hand-wringing over the death of Elizabeth Steinberg. Without blaming anyone in particular, neighbors, friends, social workers, the police and news- paper editors have s

2、truggled to define the communitys responsibility to Elizabeth and to other battered children. As the collective soul-searching continues, there is a pervading sense that the system failed her.The fact is, in New York State the system couldnt have saved her. It is almost impos sible to protect a chil

3、d from violent parents, especially if they are white, middle-class, well-educated and represented by counsel.Why does the state permit violence against children? There are a number of reasons. First, parental privilege is a rationalization. In the past, the law was giving its approval to the biblica

4、l injunction against sparing the rod.Second, while everyone agrees that the state must act to remove children from their homes when there is danger of serious physical or emotional harm, many child advocates believe that state intervention in the absence of serious injury is more harmful than helpfu

5、l.Third, courts and legislatures tread carefully when their actions intrude or threaten to intrude on a relationship protected by the Constitution. In 1923, the Supreme Court recog nized the “liberty of parent and guardian to direct the upbringing and education of children under their control. “ Mor

6、e recently, in 1977, it upheld the teachers privilege to use cor poral punishment against schoolchildren. Read together, these decisions give the constitu tional imprimatur to parental use of physical force.Under the best conditions, small children depend utterly on their parents for surviv al. Unde

7、r the worst, their dependency dooms them. While it is questionable whether any one or anything could have saved Elizabeth Steinberg, it is plain that the law provided no protection.To the contrary, by justifying the use of physical force against children as an accepta ble method of education and con

8、trol, the law lent a measure of plausibility and legitimacy to her parents conduct.More than 80 years ago, in the teeth of parental resistance and Supreme Court doc trine, the New York State Legislature acted to eliminate child labor law. Now, the state must act to eliminate child abuse by banning c

9、orporal punishment. To break the vicious cy cle of violence, nothing less will answer. If there is a lesson to be drawn from the death of Elizabeth Steinberg, it is this: spare the rod and spare the child.（分数：5.00）(1).The New York State law seems to provide least protection of a child from violent p

10、arents of_.（分数：1.00）A.a family on welfareB.a poor uneducated familyC.an educated black familyD.a middle-class white family(2).“sparing the rod“ (Line 3, Par（分数：1.00）A.3) means_.A. spoiling childrenB. punishing childrenC. not caring about childrenD. not beating children(3).Corporal punishment against

11、 schoolchildren is_.（分数：1.00）A.taken as illegal in the New York StateB.considered being in the teachers provinceC.officially approved by lawD.disapproved by school teachers(4).From the article we can infer that Elizabeth Steinberg is probably the victim of_.（分数：1.00）A.teachers corporal punishmentB.m

12、isjudgment of the courtC.parents ill-treatmentD.street violence(5).The writer of this article thinks that banning corporal punishment will in the long run_.（分数：1.00）A.prevent violence of adultsB.save more childrenC.protect children from ill-treatmentD.better the system2The longitudinal study demonst

13、rates that students who receive ESL (English as a sec ond language) instruction are far better than those taught primarily in their native lan guage. A comparison of the three-year exit rates for students in ESL and bilingual programs shows that those who receive ESL instruction test out faster and

14、in higher percentages than those who receive instruction in their native language, regardless of the grade in which they entered school. For example, 79.3 percent of the children who entered ESL programs in kindergarten tested out, while only 51.5 percent of those who received their education in the

15、ir native languages did. Likewise, 72.9 percent of the LEP (limited English profi ciency) students who entered programs in the first grade tested out. while only 38.5 of those in bilingual programs did. For students who entered LEP programs in the ninth grade, 91.6 percent of those in native-languag

16、e instruction classes still hadnt tested out after three years, as compared with 78.1 percent of those in ESL classes.Furthermore, children who had been in ESL classes tested 4 higher in English and math once they exited LEP programs than those who had received native-language instruc tion. Of the L

17、EP students who entered in kindergarten or the first grade, 49 percent of those who had been in ESL classes eventually read at grade level, while only 32 percent of those who had been in bilingual classes performed that well. In math. the statistics are even more impressive. Of the children who ente

18、red in kindergarten or the first grade, more than 69 percent of those who had been in ESL classes eventually performed at grade level or above, as opposed to 54 percent of those who had been in bilingual classes.Naturally, the study provoked a barrage of criticism from the highly political and vo ca

19、l bilingual lobby, which prompted the New York City Board of Education to issue a pa per in November 1994 mitigating the findings of the study and ignoring the distinction be tween students in ESL and bilingual education programs. Rather than exit rates, this paper focuses on the achievement of LEP

20、students during the period in which they are in bilingual or ESL classes. The authors show that although the scores of LEP students were below av erage on the English-language test, their scores in all areas showed improvement; they point out that in math, there were insufficient data on the progres

21、s of LEP students to draw valid conclusions.However, a report on citywide mathematics test results in New York in the spring of 1995 deals more fully with the math scores of the 26,248 students who were examined the previous school year in Chinese, Spanish, or Haitian Creole. According to this docum

22、ent, only 16.6 percent of these children performing at or above grade level in mathemat ics. Although this represents an improvement of 1.1 percent over the scores of the previous year, it discredits the argument that native-language instruction keeps performing at grade level in subject areas. Alth

23、ough LEP students are improving faster than the national norm, they continue to perform far below the norm.（分数：5.00）(1).This text is mainly_.（分数：1.00）A.a review of ESL, bilingual and LEP instructionsB.a survey of new approaches to subject instructionsC.about the merits of LEP education programD.abou

24、t the achievements of bilingual and ESL programs(2).From Paragraph 1 we learn that_.（分数：1.00）A.ESL instruction could test students faster than LEP instructionB.LEP students performed worse than did ESL studentsC.native-ianguage instruction classes seemed to fail utterlyD.the data of the longitudinal

25、 study were likely tentative(3).The author believes (Par（分数：1.00）A.2) that_.A. ESL children tested higher in English than LEP childrenB. bilingual programs failed the students performing well in mathC. the math data are still more credible than those on EnglishD. bilingual classes had 54% of student

26、s exiting from grade level(4).It can be inferred that the paper mentioned in Paragraph 4_.（分数：1.00）A.has devalued the findings of the longitudinal studyB.has dimmed the differences between students in different programsC.focuses on the subject achievements of LEP studentsD.seeks out the insufficient

27、 points in the longitudinal study(5).According to the NY 1995 report, it is unbelievable that_.（分数：1.00）A.a great number of multilingual students were examined accuratelyB.native-language instruction keeps performing well in subjectsC.any document on subject instructions can draw valid conclusionsD.

28、LEP students are improving faster than the national norm三、Section Vocabulay a(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.That evening roving gangs of white teenagers began to attack blacks in downtown Chicago, and the city erupted in a five-day race_that ended with 38 deaths, 537 serious injuries, and widespread destruction

29、.（分数：1.00）A.fussB.maneuverC.deteriorationD.riot2.While researchers may not_the expansive claims of hard-core vitamin en thusiasts, evidence suggests that the nutrients play a much more complex role in assuring vitality and optimal health than was previously thought.（分数：1.00）A.authorizeB.licenseC.cou

30、nteractD.endorse3.They found that an individual tends to conform to a_group judgment even when that judgment is obviously in error.（分数：1.00）A.unanimousB.singularC.coherentD.versatile4.She wanted desperately to turn the flower-painted china_on the apple- green door, and go through, but somehow she co

31、uld not.（分数：1.00）A.frameB.poleC.panD.knob5.In 1844, Charles Stun, a British soldier and colonial administrator, made an ex pedition_a supposed inland sea; his party penetrated more than 1,000 miles northward, almost to the center of Australia.A. in quest of I3. with regard to C. in favor of D. by wa

32、y of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Absorbed in her work, she was totally_her surroundings.（分数：1.00）A.liable forB.separated byC.oblivious ofD.concerned about7.She has_some brilliant scheme to double her income.A. come out 13. come up with C. come to D. come about（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The character armor consists of

33、 defensive character traits, like arrogance or apprehensiveness, that developed in childhood to_painful feelings.（分数：1.00）A.turn asideB.ward offC.bread upD.watch over9.“This park has more than 200 waterfalls that are 15 feet or higher. And 150 of them have never been mapped or photographed,“ says pa

34、rk historian Lee Whittlesey. “Now thats a_to the size of Yellowstone. “A. proposition 3. hypothesis C. ceremony D. testimony（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Every year a number of students graduate from the school which will_new students the first week in September.（分数：1.00）A.enrollB.recruitC.collectD.reproduce1

35、1.When I found the light switch, the unshaded bulb only illuminated two small cats, sitting on the table_round the inside of the empty ham tin.（分数：1.00）A.swallowingB.gorgingC.lickingD.digesting12.So far as the food industry is concerned, the processing of sheep and lambs is rela tively_in the United

36、 States, accounting for only about 7 percent of meat-packing production.A. irrelevant 3. appropriate C. negligible D. redundant（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Could a mechanical device ever_human intelligencethe ultimate test be ing whether it could cause a real human to fall in love with it?（分数：1.00）A.destroyB

37、.duplicateC.forgeD.eliminate14.The renaissance was a(n)_of unparalleled cultural achievement and had a great impact on almost all European countries.（分数：1.00）A.momentB.dynastyC.instantD.epoch15.Some readers may find it_that a book arguing for greater literacy and in tellectual discipline should lead

38、 to a call for less rather than more education.（分数：1.00）A.appealingB.controversialC.paradoxicalD.ambiguous16.Why do teens drink? Reasons vary from_pressure to family patterns to so cial conditioning.（分数：1.00）A.spouseB.peerC.antagonistD.competitor17.As the case of Amitar Ray and his family exemplifie

39、s, professional immigrants are among the most rapidly_first because of their occupational success and second be cause of the absence of strong ethnic networks that reinforce the culture of origin.（分数：1.00）A.assimilatedB.consumedC.accustomedD.fascinated18.The headquarters of this textile company is i

40、n New York while its 20_. companies are located in different parts of the world.（分数：1.00）A.parentB.subsidiaryC.inferiorD.ultimate19.The_of such I. Q. tests full of questions on American culture was not questioned at that time.（分数：1.00）A.significanceB.validityC.efficiencyD.justification20.The little

41、girl is just learning to walk and shes always_over.（分数：1.00）A.tumblingB.waggingC.wavingD.swaying四、Section Cloze(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A teacher is someone who communicates information or skill SO that someone else may learnParents are the (51) teachersJust by living with their child and (52) their every da

42、y activities with him，they teach him their language，their values and their man nersInformation and skills difficult to teach (53) family living are taught in a school by a person (54) special occupation is teachingBefore 1900 it (55) widely assumed that a man was qualified to teach if he could read

43、and write and (56) qualified if he knew arithmeticWith modest (57) like these，it is no (58) that teachers had low salaries and little prestigeLiterature and history frequently portray teachers (59) fools and ignoramusesBy the late 1 9th century，there were (60) that the status of teachers was slowly

44、(61) .Great educators such as Mann and Henry Barnard，and innovative thinkers such as Dewey and Parker began to command a (62) that in a few decades had to some (63) permeated classrooms in the United StatesProgress was more glacial than meteoric，how ever， (64) the last half of the centuryIn the 20th

45、 century the status of teachers rose as the standards (65) their education roseBy 1950 the average teacher had an education that greatly exceeded that of the average citizen（分数：15.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、Section Tr

46、anslation(总题数：1，分数：15.00)21.被与自己的思想、信仰及兴趣相仿的人所吸引，那是很自然的事。同样，与体貌特征 跟自己相仿的人相处，亦让人感到舒适。您也许已经注意到生活和工作中紧密相处的人是如何在举止上趋于类同的。我们常常 会不自觉地模仿我们所接近、所爱、所仰慕的人。因此，球迷会模仿某个运动员独有的耸 肩行走的样子；一对情人连摇头的方式也相同；而雇员则会学他老板的习惯，也在思考问 题时手指间玩弄一支笔。有影响的人物并非在所有的情形中都有意识地觉察到这种仿效，但是这种仿效的存在 会使他感到舒服。如果他确实察觉到别人的手势或动作与他一样，他会感到高兴，因为那 意味着他对别人产生

47、影响，他对这些人有吸引力。（分数：15.00）_六、Section Writing(总题数：1，分数：30.00)22.Do you agree or disagree With the foflowing statement?People are never satisfied with what they have They always want something more or something differentUse specific reasons to supportyour answerYour composition should contain at least 180 words and must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET（分数：30.00）_考博英语-369 答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SectionListening Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section Reading Co(总题数：2，分数：10.00)1There has been a lot of hand-wringing over the death of Elizabeth Steinberg. Without blaming a