【考研类试卷】考博英语-355及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-355 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Structure (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：10，分数：10.00)1.You are too rigid: you must learn to change your plans when the situation _ it.（分数：1.00）A.calls onB.calls forC.calls forthD.calls in2.The young man was so bashful that he did not speak to the pretty gir

2、l.（分数：1.00）A.haughtyB.shyC.indifferentD.upset3.If your expenses _ your income, you will be in debt.（分数：1.00）A.surpassB.exceedC.surviveD.pass4.Mrs. Mary wore a string of beads around her neck.（分数：1.00）A.small pieces of goldB.small balls of precious stonesC.small pieces of woodD.small balls of glass5.

3、Hitler sought to annihilate resistance movements throughout Europe.（分数：1.00）A.exterminateB.exceedC.excludeD.expel6.Johns ideas about how to solve the problem were so cogent that I had to agree with him.（分数：1.00）A.chronicB.cavernousC.convincingD.choral7.He has got too much _ to worry about your probl

4、em.（分数：1.00）A.on his mindB.out of mindC.off his mindD.to his mind8.Could you please give me a hand? Lets _ the bookcase into place.（分数：1.00）A.shootB.shoveC.containD.indicate9.I didnt stop at Johns house because he had visitors, and I didnt want to butt in.（分数：1.00）A.intrudeB.incurC.inferD.intercept1

5、0.You can _ your story by leaving out some unimportant details.（分数：1.00）A.abridgeB.rewriteC.revealD.change三、Part B(总题数：10，分数：10.00)11.All of the performers in the play did well. The audience applauded the actors excellent performance. A. the B. well C. audience D. actors（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_12.That the w

6、oman was saying was so important that I asked everyone to stop talking and listen. A. That B. was saying C. to stop D. listen（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_13.This is the longest flight I have ever taken. By the time we get to Los Angeles, we had flown for 9 hours. A. longest B. have ever taken C. had flown D. for

7、（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_14.To control quality and making decisions about production are among the many responsibilities of an industrial engineer. A. quality B. making C. about D. industrial（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_15.If one does not pick up his dry-cleaning within thirty days, the management is not obligated to ret

8、urn it back. A. his B. within C. obligated D. back（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_16.His recommendation that Air Force investigates the UFO sighting was approved by the commission and referred to the appropriate. A. investigates B. was C. by the commission D. to（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_17.Electronic mail to describe an upco

9、ming workshop should use only if potential participants use this form of communication regularly. A. Electronic B. should use C. if D. regularly（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_18.Confuciusa statesman, scholar, and educator of great skill and reputationis generally held to he Chinas greatest and most influence philo

10、sopher. A. education B. great skill C. greatest D. influence（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_19.The first electric lamp had two carbon rods from which vapor served to conduct the current across the gap. A. The first B. from which C. served D. across（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_20.It is said that Einstein felt very badly about th

11、e application of his theories to the creation of weapons of war. A. It is said B. very C. badly D. to（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、Part C(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Humans not only love eating ice cream, they enjoy (21) it to their pets. Market studies show that two thirds of all dog owners give ice cream to the dogs. (22)

12、 , says William Tyznik, an expert in animal nutrition at Ohio State University, “ice cream is not good for dogs. It has milk sugar in it, “ he says, “which dogs cannot (23) very well. “(24) by that knowledge but aware of the desire of dog owners to (25) their companions, Tyznik invented a new frozen

13、 treat for dogs that, he says, is more nutritious than ice cream-and as much (26) to eat. The product, called Frosty Paws, is made of a liquid by-product of cheese and milk with the sugar (27) Frosty Paws also contains refined soy flour, water, vegetable oil, vitamins and minerals. It (28) Tyznik, w

14、ho has also invented a horse feed (called Tizwhiz) and (29) dog focd (named Tizbits) , three years to (30) the Frosty Paws formulas, and two (31) to commercialize it. After losing $25,000 trying to market the invention himself, Tyznik sold the rights to associated lee Cream of Westerville, Ohio, whi

15、ch makes the product and (32) it in cups.Tyznik claims that Frosty Paws has been tested (33) and that “dogs love it“. Of 1,400 dogs that have been (34) the product, he says, 89 percent took it on the first (35) Three out of four (36) it to Milk-Bone or sausages. The product, which will be (37) in th

16、e ice-cream section of supermarkets, comes in (38) of three or four cups, costing about $1.79.What would happen (39) a human should mistake Frosty Paws for real ice cream? “Nothing, “ says Tyznik. “Its (40) , but frankly, it wont taste very good. /（分数：20.00）A.givingB.feedingC.sharingD.buyingA.Surpri

17、singlyB.UnfortunatelyC.ThereforeD.InitiallyA.swallowB.consumeC.digestD.exudeA.BotheredB.ImpelledC.AnnoyedD.StimulatedA.pleaseB.raiseC.trainD.comfortA.contentmentB.satisfactionC.funD.luxuryA.includedB.includingC.removedD.removingA.costB.spentC.neededD.tookA.oneB.otherC.aD.anotherA.perfectB.superbC.ex

18、cellentD.topA.temptationsB.attemptsC.temperanceD.tempsA.assemblesB.attachesC.packagesD.labelsA.extensivelyB.faithfullyC.delicatelyD.intensivelyA.receivedB.acceptedC.treatedD.offeredA.trialB.tryC.testD.practiceA.preferredB.comparedC.attributedD.relatedA.bargainedB.negotiableC.availableD.displayedA.bu

19、ndlesB.parcelsC.packetsD.packsA.providedB.whenC.thoughD.ifA.harmfulB.harmlessC.effectiveD.ineffective五、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In a recent book entitled The Psychic Life of Insects, Professor Bouvier says that we must be careful not to credit the little winged fe

20、llows with intelligence when they behave in what seems like an intelligent manner. They may be only reacting. I would like to confront the professor with an instance of reasoning power on the part of an insect which cannot be explained away in any other manner.During the summer of 1899, while I was

21、at work on my doctoral thesis, we kept a female wasp at our cottage. It was more like a child of our own than a wasp, except that it looked more like a wasp than a child of our own. That was one of the ways we told the difference.It was still a young wasp when we got it (thirteen or fourteen years o

22、ld) and for some time we could not get it to eat or drink, it was so shy. Since it was a female we decided to call it Miriam, but soon the childrens nickname for it- “ Pudge“ -became a fixture, and “Pudge“ it was from that time on.One evening I had been working late in my laboratory fooling around w

23、ith some gin and other chemicals, and in leaving the room I tripped over a nine of diamonds which someone had left lying on the floor and knocked over my card index which contained the names and addresses of all the larvae worth knowing in North America. The cards went everywhere.I was too tired to

24、stop to pick them up that night, and went sobbing to bed, just as mad as I could be. As I went, however, I noticed the wasp was flying about in circles over the scattered cards. “Maybe Pudge will pick them up,“ I said half laughingly to myself, never thinking for one moment that such would be the ca

25、se.When I came down the next morning Pudge was still asleep in her box, evidently tired out. And well she might have been. For there on the floor lay the cards scattered all about just as I had left them the night before. The faithful little insect had buzzed about all night trying to come to some d

26、ecision about picking them up and arranging them in the boxes for me, and then had figured out for herself that, as she knew practically nothing of larvae of any sort except wasp larvae, she would probably make more of a mess of rearranging them than if she had left them on the floor for me to fix.

27、It was just too much for her to tackle, and, discouraged, she went over and lay down in her box, where she cried herself to sleep.If this is not an answer to Professor Bouviers statement, I do not know what is.（分数：5.00）(1).Professor Bouvier believes that insects _.（分数：1.00）A.do not have intelligence

28、B.behave in an intelligent wayC.are capable of reasoningD.are more intelligent than we thought(2).On the evening the author fell over, someone _.（分数：1.00）A.had moved his card indexB.had been playing card gamesC.had knocked over his boxes containing cardsD.had looked at his collection of diamonds(3).

29、When he came to the laboratory the next morning, the author _.（分数：1.00）A.saw that his cards had already been rearrangedB.realized that the wasp had been trying to helpC.found evidence of the wasps intelligenceD.found his index cards still scattered about the room(4).The authors account of his wasps

30、intelligence _.（分数：1.00）A.is imaginaryB.is convincingC.firmly proves his point of viewD.is valuable for insect study(5).The purpose of this article is to _.（分数：1.00）A.oppose Professor Bouviers point of viewB.support Professor Bouvier with his own experienceC.further discuss whether insects are intel

31、ligentD.illustrate the working theory behind the authors thesis七、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Modern technology and science have produced a wealth of new materials and new ways of using old materials. For the artist this means wider opportunities. There is no doubt that the limitations of materials and

32、 nature of tools both restrict and shape a mans work. Observe how the development of plastics and light metals along with new methods of welding has changed the direction of sculpture. Transparent plastic materials allow one to look through an object, to see its various sides superimposed on each ot

33、her (as in Cubism or in an X-ray). Today, welding is as prevalent as casting was in the past. This new method encourages open designs, where surrounding and intervening space becomes as important as form itself.More ambiguous than other scientific inventions familiar to modern artists, but no less i

34、nfluential, are the psychoanalytic studies of Freud and his followers, discoveries that have infiltrated recent art, especially Surrealism. The Surrealists, in their struggle to escape the monotony and frustrations of everyday life, claimed that dreams were the only hope. Turning to the irrational w

35、orld of their unconscious, they banished all dine barriers and moral judgments to combine disconnected dream experiences from the past, present and intervening psychological states. The Surrealists were concerned with overlapping emotions more than with overlapping forms. Their paintings often becom

36、e segmented capsules of associative experiences. For them, obsessive and often unrelated images replaced the direct emotional message of expressionism. They did not need to smash paint and canvas; they went beyond this to smash the whole continuity of logical thought.There is little doubt that conte

37、mporary art has taken much from contemporary life. In a period when science has made revolutionary strides, artists in their studios have not been unaware of scientists in their laboratories. But this has rarely been a one-way street. Painters and sculptors though admittedly influenced by modern sci

38、ence, have also molded and changed our world. If breakup has been a vital part of their expression, it has not always been a symbol of destruction. Quite the contrary, it has been used to examine more fully, to penetrate more deeply, to analyze more thoroughly, to enlarge, isolate and make more fami

39、liar certain aspects of life that earlier we were apt to neglect. In addition, it sometimes provides rich multiple experiences so organized as not merely to reflect our world, but in fact to interpret it.（分数：5.00）(1).The welding techniques _.（分数：1.00）A.can cause a lot of changes in sculpture artsB.p

40、ermit details of an object to be seen clearlyC.can superimpose multiple sides of sculptors designsD.can make artists adaptable to be surroundings(2).We can learn from the text that Freuds studies _.（分数：1.00）A.are more ambiguous than any other scientific inventionB.have influenced other scientific in

41、ventionsC.cause SurrealismD.have infiltrated Surrealism(3).Which of the following is true about Surrealists?（分数：1.00）A.They diminished all time barriers and moral judgments to combine disconnected dream experiences.B.They tried to express their subconscious world.C.They could transform real existenc

42、e into incoherent dreams.D.They wanted to substitute direct expressions for fragmented images.(4).According to the passage, it is true that _.（分数：1.00）A.artistic creations seem to be the reproductions of modern technologyB.artistic creations have made great strides scientificallyC.artistic creations

43、 appear to be incapable of ignoring material advancesD.artistic creations are the reflection of the material world(5).The sentence “But this has rarely been a one-way street“ in the last paragraph means that _.（分数：1.00）A.contemporary art has been nourished by modern scienceB.modern science has been

44、nourished by artC.artists can become scientists and scientists can become artistsD.the impacts of modern art and science are actually mutual八、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：10.00)When I was a child in Sunday school, I would ask searching questions like “Angels can fly up in heaven, but how do clouds hold up

45、 pianos, and get the same puzzling response about how that was not important, what was important was that Jesus died for our sins and if we accepted him as our savior, when we died, we would go to heaven, where wed get everything we wanted. Some children in my class wondered why anyone would hang on

46、 a cross with nails stuck through his hands to help anyone else; I wondered how Santa Claus knew what I wanted for Christmas, even though I never wrote him a letter. Maybe he had a tape recorder hidden in every chimney in the world.This literal-mindedness has stuck with me; one result of it is that

47、I am unable to believe in God. Most of the other atheists I know seem to feel freed or proud of their unbelief, as if they have cleverly refused to be sold snake oil. My husband, who was reared in a devout Catholic family, has served as an altar boy. So other than baptizing our son to reassure our f

48、amilies, weve skated over the issue of faith.Some people believe faith is a gift; its a choice, a matter of spiritual discipline. I have a friend who was reared to believe, and he does. But his faith has wavered. He has struggled to hang onto it and to pass it along to his children. Another friend of mine never goes to church because shes a single mother who doesnt have the gas money. But she once told me a day when she was washing oranges as the sun streamed onto them. As she peeled one, the smell rose to her face, and she felt she received the Holy Spirit. “He sank into my bones,“