【考研类试卷】考博英语-239及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-239 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.The bed has been_in the family. It was my great grandmothers originally.（分数：1.00）A.handed outB.handed overC.banded downD.banded round2.The newly-elected president is determined to_the established policy of de veloping agricul

2、ture.（分数：1.00）A.go forB.go onC.go byD.go up3.“You are very selfish. Its high time you_that you are not the most im portant person in the world,“ Edgar said to his boss angrily.（分数：1.00）A.realizedB.have realizedC.realizeD.should realize4.Those nations that interfere in the internal affairs of another

3、 nation should be _condemned.（分数：1.00）A.commonlyB.actuallyC.uniquelyD.universally5.These two areas are similar_they both have a high rainfall during this season.（分数：1.00）A.to thatB.besides thatC.in thatD.except that6.The Japanese dollar-buying makes traders eager to_dollars in fear of anoth er gover

4、nment intervention.（分数：1.00）A.let inB.let outC.let go ofD.let off7.This crop does not do well in soils_the one for which it has been speciaIly developed.（分数：1.00）A.outsideB.other thanC.beyondD.rather than8.The government has decided to reduce a(n)_on all imports.（分数：1.00）A.feeB.chargeC.tariffD.expen

5、diture9._the temperature failing so rapidly, we couldnt go on with the experi ment.（分数：1.00）A.SinceB.ForC.AsD.With10.Im very sorry to have_you with so many questions on such an occasion.（分数：1.00）A.interferedB.offendedC.impressedD.bothered11.Mass production is_only in an economy with a highly develop

6、ed technology.（分数：1.00）A.feasibleB.permissibleC.allowableD.receivable12.I was halfway back to the cottage where my mother lived_Susan caught up with me.（分数：1.00）A.whenB.whileC.untilD.though13.The government gets a(n)_from taxes.（分数：1.00）A.incomeB.revenueC.fundD.payment14.The response to our financia

7、l appeal_anything we expected.（分数：1.00）A.surpassedB.impressedC.surprisedD.passed15.Operations which left patients_and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.（分数：1.00）A.exhaustedB.abandonedC.injuredD.deserted16.Most of his great novels and plays were n

8、ot published or known to the public _his tragic death in 1786.（分数：1.00）A.even beforeB.ever sinceC.until afterD.until before17.My boss has always attended to the_of important business himself.（分数：1.00）A.transactionB.solutionC.translationD.stimulation18.The tomato juice left brown_on the front of my j

9、acket.（分数：1.00）A.spotB.pointC.trackD.trace19.The thief tried to open the locked door but_.（分数：1.00）A.in no wayB.in vainC.without effectD.at a loss20.As always, I had to fight the_to take what she willingly offered.（分数：1.00）A.fascinationB.attractionC.attentionD.temptation二、Section Close(总题数：1，分数：15.0

10、0)Human beings are animals. We breathe, eat and digest, and reproduce the same life (21) common to all animals. In a biological laboratory rats, monkeys, and humans seem very much the same.However, biological understanding is not enough: (22) itself, it can never tell us what human beings are. (23)

11、to our physical equipment the naked human bodywe are not an (24) animal. We are tropical creatures, (25) hairless and sensitive to cold. We are not fast and have neither claws nor sharp teeth to defend ourselves. We need a lot of food but have almost no physical equipment to help us get it. In the p

12、urely physical (26) , our species seems a poor (27) for survival.But we have survivedsurvived and multiplied and (28) the earth. Some day we will have a (29) living on the moon, a place with neither air nor water and with temperatures that turn gases into solids. How can we have done all these thing

13、s? Part of the answer is physical. (30) its limitations, our physical equipment has some important (31) . We have excellent vision and hands that can (32) objects with a precision unmatched by any other (33) . Most importantly, we have a large brain with an almost (34) number of neural (35) 。（分数：15.

14、00）A.processesB.actsC.modesD.proceduresA.OnB.WithC.ForD.ByA.StrippedB.ParedC.PeeledD.RemovedA.intelligentB.impressiveC.influentialD.incentiveA.barelyB.hardlyC.nearlyD.scarcelyA.meaningB.judgementC.perspectiveD.senseA.betB.chanceC.factD.luckA.filledB.loadedC.stuffedD.scatteredA.residenceB.colonyC.hom

15、eD.empireA.Apart fromB.With regard toC.With the exception ofD.In spite ofA.abilitiesB.potentialsC.capabilitiesD.possibilitiesA.maneuverB.manageC.manipulateD.manufactureA.animalB.animalsC.creaturesD.creatureA.infiniteB.unknownC.boundlessD.ceaselessA.connectionsB.relationsC.activitiesD.accesses三、Secti

16、on Reading Co(总题数：4，分数：20.00)1Crossing Wesleyan Universitys campus usually requires walking over colorful messa ges chalked on the ground. They can be as innocent as meeting announcements, but in a growing number of cases the language is meant to shock. Its not uncommon, for instance, to see lewd (淫

17、荡的) references to professors sexual preferences scrawled across a path or the mention of the word Nig that African-American students say make them feel uncom fortable.In response, officials and students at schools are now debating ways to lead their com munities away from forms of expression that of

18、fend or harass (侵扰). In the process, theyre butting up against the difficulties of regulating speech at institutions that pride themselves on fostering open debate.Mr. Bennet of Wesleyan says he had gotten used to seeing occasional chalkings filled with four-letter words. Campus tradition made any h

19、orizontal surface not attached to a building a potential billboard. But when chalkings began taking on a more threatening and lewd tone, Bennet decided to act. “This is not acceptable in a workplace and not accepta ble in an institution of higher learning,“ Bennet says. For now, Bennet is seeking in

20、put about what kind of message-posting policy the school should adopt. The student assembly recently passed a resolution saying the “right to speech comes with implicit responsibilities to respect community standards. “Other public universities have confronted problems this year while considering va

21、rious ways of regulating where students can express themselves. At Harvard Law School, the recent controversy was more linked to the academic setting. Minority students there are seeking to curb what they consider harassing speech in the wake of a series of incidents last spring.At a meeting held by

22、 the “Committee on Healthy Diversity“ last week, the schools Black Law Students Association endorsed a policy targeting discriminatory harassment. It would trigger a review by school officials if there were charges of “severe or pervasive con duct“ by students or faculty. The policy would cover hara

23、ssment based on, but not limited to, factors such as race, religion, creed, sexual orientation, national origin, and ethnic ity (种族划分).Boston attorney Harvey Silverglate, says other schools have adopted similar harass ment policies that are actually speech codes, punishing students for raising certa

24、in ideas. “Restricting students from saying anything that would be perceived as very unpleasant by another student continues uninterrupted,“ says Silverglate, who attended the Harvard Law town meeting last week.（分数：5.00）(1).What is the typical scene found in the campus of Wesleyan University?（分数：1.0

25、0）A.Pieces of chalk are scattered everywhere on the ground.B.There are some meeting announcements on the billboard.C.All kinds of messages are written on the paths.D.Some people are shocked by the meeting announcements.(2).From the passage we can see that_.（分数：1.00）A.officials and students are debat

26、ing whether they should have free speechB.in the past decade, people did not have any freedom of speechC.some students are attacked politically as targetsD.officials and students are discussing ways of avoiding offending messages(3).Mr. Bennet_.（分数：1.00）A.has gotten used to seeing messages on the bi

27、llboardB.thinks that it is not acceptable to have chalkings on the ground in an institution of higher learningC.is looking for a good policy which can guide the way of students message postingD.has decided to chalk some messages to fight against the harassing ones(4).The essential of the problem is

28、to_.（分数：1.00）A.stick up for free speechB.cleanse the academic settingC.cut the throat of free speechD.please the minorities(5).What is the policy adopted by many schools after heated debating?（分数：1.00）A.It is for the universities to clamp down on speech concerning racist comments or other forms of i

29、nappropriate ideas.B.It is to teach students to learn how to express themselves more clearly.C.It is to give the minority groups the right to speak freely.D.It is to urge students to discuss problems concerning race, religion, national origin and ethnicity.2To get from Kathmandu to the tiny village

30、in Nepal, Dave Irvine-Halliday spent more than two days. When he arrived, he found villagers working and reading around battery powered lamps equipped with light-emitting diodes, or LEDsthe same lamps he had left there in 2000.Irvine-Halliday, an American photonics engineer, was not surprised. He ch

31、ose to use LED bulbs because they are rugged, portable, long-lived, and extremely efficient. Each of his lamps produces a useful amount of illumination from just one watt of pow- er. Villagers use them about four hours each night, then top off the battery by pedaling a generator for half an hour. Th

32、e cool, steady beam is a huge improvement over lamps still common in developing countries. In fact, LEDs have big advantages over familiar incandes cent (白炽的) lights as well-so much so that Irvine-Halliday expects LEDs will eventual ly take over from Thomas Edisons old lightbulb as the worlds main s

33、ource of artificial il lumination.The dawn of LEDs began about 40 years ago, but early LEDs produced red or green glows suitable mainly for displays in digital clocks and calculators. A decade ago, engineers invented a semiconductor crystal made of an aluminum compound that produced a much brighter

34、red light. Around the same time, a Japanese engineer developed the first practical blue LED. This small advance had a huge impact because blue, green, and red LEDs can be combined to create most of the colors of the rainbow, just as that in a color television picture.These days, high-intensity color

35、 LEDs are showing up everywhere such as the traffic lights. The reasons for the rapid switchover are simple. Incandescent bulbs have to be re placed annually, but LED traffic lights should last five to yen years. LEDs also use 80 to 90 percent less electricity than the conventional signals they repl

36、ace. Collectively, the new traffic lights save at least 400 million kilowatt-hours a year in the United States.Much bigger savings await if LEDs can supplant Mr. Edisons bulb at the office and in the living room. Creating a white-light LED that is energy-saving, cheap and appealing has proved a toug

37、h engineering challenge. But all the major lightbulb makersincluding Gener al Electric, Philips, and Osram-Sylvaniaare teaming up with semiconductor manufactur ers to make it happen.（分数：5.00）(1).From the first paragraph, we can see that Dave Irvine-Halliday_.（分数：1.00）A.is a mountain climberB.went to

38、 that village to repair the lampsC.found the villagers were using the lamps he had given themD.has visited the small village several times(2).The author implies that villagers liked LED bulbs very much, because they_.（分数：1.00）A.were given by Irvine-HallidayB.are ruggedC.are cheapD.are easily-recharg

39、ed(3).What does Irvine-Haltiday think of LEDs?（分数：1.00）A.They are cool and steady, but rugged.B.They will replace Edisons lightbulbs someday.C.They are easily maintained.D.They are very cheap.(4).Which of the following statements does not agree with the facts in the passage7（分数：1.00）A.The displays i

40、n digital clocks and calculators are just produced by early LEDs.B.Irvine-Halliday believes that LED will certainly become the worlds main source of artificial light.C.A decade ago, engineers developed red and blue LEDs, which were regarded as a milestone in this research.D.It is the blue LED develo

41、ped by a Japanese engineer that had a great impact on the research process.(5).The passage implies that_.（分数：1.00）A.LED bulbs are still expensive at presentB.the task of making LED the main source of artificial light is too difficultC.LED traffic lights are used everywhere in the worldD.in order to

42、fulfill the task of making LED the main light source, lightbulb makers have to work together with semiconductor manufacturers3Before high school teacher Kimberly Rugh got down to business at the start of a recent school week, she joked with her students about how shed had to clean cake out of the co

43、r ners of her house after her 2-year-old sons birthday party. This friendly combination of chitchat took place not in front of a blackboard but in an E-mail message that Rugh sent to the 145 students shes teaching at the Florida Virtual School, one of the nations leading online high schools. The sch

44、ools motto is “any time, any place, any path, any pace“.Floridas E-school attracts many students who need flexible scheduling, from young tennis stars and young musicians to brothers Tobias and Tyler Heeb, who take turns working on the computer while helping out with their familys clam-farming busin

45、ess on Pine Island, off Floridas southwest coast. Home-schoolers also are well represented. Most students live in Florida, but 55 hail from West Virginia, where a severe teacher shortage makes it hard for many students to take advanced classes. Seven kids from Texas and four from Shanghai round out

46、the student body.The great majority of Florida Virtual Schoolers-80 percent are enrolled in regular Florida public or private high schools. Some are busy overachievers. Others are retaking classes they barely passed the first time. The schools biggest challenge is making sure that students arent lef

47、t to sink or swim on their own. After the school experienced a disappoint ing course completion rate of just 50 percent in its early years, Executive Director Julie Young made a priority out of what she calls “relationship-building,“ asking teachers to stay in frequent E-mail and phone contact with

48、their students. That personal touch has helped. The completion rate is now 80 percent.Critics of online classes say that while they may have a limited place, they are a poor substitute for the face-to-face contact and socialization that take place in brick-and-mortar classrooms. Despite opportunitie

49、s for online chats, some virtual students say theyd prefer to have more interaction with their peers.Students and parents are quick to acknowledge that virtual schooling isnt for every one. “If your childs not focused and motivated, I can only imagine it would be a night mare,“ says Patricia Haygood of Orlando, whose two daughters are thriving at the Flori da school. For those who have what it takes, however, virtual learning