【考研类试卷】考博英语-188及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-188 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Listenin(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.If that is what he said, his reasoning must be fallacious.（分数：0.50）A.faultyB.fascinatingC.fastidiousD.fantastic2.All the students in this university are requested to comply with the regulations.（分数：0.50）A.requiredB.demandedC.order

2、edD.expected3.Are we going to see an end to the Arab-Israeli _ .（分数：0.50）A.disasterB.controversyC.confrontationD.aggression4.He promised me a letter; he ought to _ it days ago.（分数：0.50）A.have writtenB.writeC.had writtenD.be writing5.Everyone who heard the story found it incredible.（分数：0.50）A.irresis

3、tibleB.immaterialC.unbelievableD.nonsensical6.Absent impartiality on the part of the psychotherapist, a patients conflicts may be exacerbated.（分数：0.50）A.indifferenceB.objectivityC.voiced concernD.engagement7.Industry _ only ten percent of the smog in Los Angeles.（分数：0.50）A.calls onB.mounts toC.appea

4、ls toD.accounts for8.The ministers _ answer led to an outcry from the Opposition.（分数：0.50）A.impressiveB.evasiveC.intensiveD.abusive9.Current data suggest that although _ states between fear and aggression exist, fear and aggression are as distinct physiologically as they are psychologically.（分数：0.50

5、）A.simultaneousB.seriousC.partialD.transitional10.The government requires that a census be taken every five years so that accurate statistics may be _ .（分数：0.50）A.composedB.complementedC.completedD.compiled11.They conceded that her statement was true.（分数：0.50）A.provedB.doubledC.deniedD.admitted12.In

6、dividuals have applied “positive thinking“ either to particular external circum-stances or to some particular habit or character defect.（分数：0.50）A.used. for. forB.employed. upon. uponC.adapted. to. toD.suited. to. to13.The first two assumptions made about the _ of TV were dead wrong: that it would b

7、ury radio and it would be a threat to movies.（分数：0.50）A.recessionB.adventC.diversityD.bias14.The novel, which is a work of art, exists not by its _ life, but by its immeasurable difference from life.（分数：0.50）A.significance inB.imagination atC.resemblance toD.predominance over15.I was extremely exasp

8、erated when I saw that my room was littered with wood shavings.（分数：0.50）A.startledB.exaltedC.rapturousD.irritated16.I was not alone in my knowledge; the woman had also seen my fathers eyes gleaming with _ pride.（分数：0.50）A.contractedB.contestedC.contentedD.contrasted17.Some would consider that an inf

9、ringement of good manners whereas others would not.（分数：0.50）A.an exampleB.a violationC.a problemD.an indication18.I let my children make their own decisions now they are older; I wouldnt _ to interfere.（分数：0.50）A.presumeB.resumeC.assumeD.consume19.They awoke to find the maid had left the remnants of

10、 dinner on the table.（分数：0.50）A.list of items forB.invitations toC.leftovers ofD.preparations for20.The report was unusual in that it insinuated corruption on the part of the minister.（分数：0.50）A.deniedB.suggestedC.proposedD.stated二、BPart Reading (总题数：4，分数：40.00)Britain and Spain have the highest pro

11、portion of cocaine users in the EU, according to a pan-European drugs survey published today. The European Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addiction 2004 report found 2% of all adults in the UK and Spain reported recent cocaine use, close to figures for the US, compared to less than 1% across t

12、he EU as a whole.It reported that cocaine use was increasing in Denmark and Germany and that more Europeans were seeking treatment for cocaine-related problems. In most countries, treatment is demanded for the use of cocaine powder rather than smoked crack cocaine-but in the Netherlands around two-t

13、hirds of cocaine treatment demands were crack related.Crack use was increasing in a number of cities in Germany, Spain, France and the UK, the survey found.Heroin use is relatively stable in many EU countries, with new users failing, but limited data from the new member states in central and Eastern

14、 Europe may mask localized increases.Deep concern surrounds the continuing HIV epidemic in some of the new EU member states and their bordering countries, where heroin injecting is more common than it is the western states. Estonia, Latvia, Russia and Ukraine are the countries with the fastest growi

15、ng HIV epidemic in the world, though there are signs it is stabilizing in the Baltic states.The director of the EU drugs agency, Georges Estievenart, identified positive signs in the downwards trend of drug-related deaths and better access to treatment and care but warned of future problems.“There i

16、s a risk that some of these positive trends may be short-lived and real concerns surround potential drug epidemics, particularly in some of the new members of our Union.“And we should not forget that drug use in general remains at historically high levels-many countries are reporting rising cocaine

17、use and more people are using cannabis and ecstasy in parts of Europe.“The Home Office minister, Caroline Flint, said the report was based on old data and the British Crime Survey showed that crack and cocaine use had stabilized.“We are not complacent about the drugs situation in Britain,“ she said.

18、 “Drug use is still too high and we are planning new legislation aimed at getting more users into treatment-including testing on arrest-and strengthening police powers to tackle drug dealers.“（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following countries has the highest proportion of cocaine users?（分数：2.00）A.Britai

19、n.B.Spain.C.the USD.Denmark,(2).Which of the following can not be found in the survey?（分数：2.00）A.Crack use was increasing in a number of cities in Germany, Spain, France and the UK.B.In most countries, treatment is demanded for the use of crack cocaine.C.In central and eastern Europe the number of H

20、eroin use is increasing.D.There may be a deep connection between HIV epidemic and Heroin use.(3).Why does HIV epidemic in some of the new EU member states and their bordering countries keep growing?（分数：2.00）A.In these countries heroin injecting is more common.B.People in these countries are not alwa

21、ys seeking treatment for cocaine-related problems.C.People in these countries like to use crack rather than heroin.D.These countries are poorer than their western neighbors and can not provide adequate healthcare.(4).What can we read from Georges Estievenarts warning?（分数：2.00）A.Drug use in general r

22、emains at historically high levels, especially in eastern European countries.B.Most people are using cannabis and ecstasy in parts of Europe.C.There is a risk that some of these positive trends may be short-lived.D.The drug situation in some countries is actually not very satisfactory because of the

23、 old data.(5).This passage mainly talks about _ .（分数：2.00）A.The drug situation in EU as a whole and in some countries specifically.B.the reason why Britain and Spain have the highest proportion of cocaine users in the EU.C.the connection between HIV epidemic and heroin injecting.D.the future steps t

24、he EU will take to reduce the rate of drug use.Thailand confirmed three new human bird flu cases Thursday as health officials warned it could take two years to conquer Asias outbreak. Meanwhile, the World Health Organization said the latest tests show no sign of a killer hybrid virus that could easi

25、ly pass between people.Tests on a cluster of bird flu cases in a Vietnamese family showed there was no mixing of genes between the bird flu strain and human flu, according to WHO.In the United States, a strain of bird flu was found at four live chicken markets in northern New Jersey, just days after

26、 outbreaks at two farms in Delaware led to the destruction of thousands of birds.WHO has said the best way to control the spread of the disease is by culling the birds. In Asia, tens of millions of chickens have been killed by infections or slaughtered in containment efforts as bird flu spread, jump

27、ing to people in Vietnam and Thai-land.The human death toll stood at 19 on Thursday.While two of the three people labeled as new cases in Thailand have recovered, the third, a 13-year-old boy, was in intensive care in northeastern Chaiyaphum province, Thai officials said.Fears of an outbreak prompte

28、d Singapore, believed free of bird flu, to announce plans to euthanize 5,000 healthy chickens in a drill to prepare for any possible infection.Ten governments in the region have dealt with the disease over the past couple of months, with China boosting its culling efforts as reports of infections th

29、ere increased.Beijing said Thursday it was mobilizing 16,000 workers for anti-bird flu efforts in a province bordering Vietnam where Chinas first bird flu case of the season was confirmed in late January. Among their tasks is to try to pinpoint the source of the first infection.Destroying infected f

30、owl is the best way to contain the outbreak, according to WHO.Thai officials have said slaughters of more than 26 million chickens have brought the disease largely under control there, while Vietnam has said its outbreak is easing. In Pakistan, U. N. officials said the disease has been contained. Bu

31、t the U. N. Food and Agriculture Organization said it would take much longer to bring the regions outbreak under control.“I would have thought that wed be looking at a period of six months.but it could be as long as two years,“ FAO animal health officer Peter Roeder said in Geneva. In New Jersey, st

32、ate veterinarian Nancy Halpern said the markets likely got the virus from one of their many farms and distributors. New Jersey has about 35 live chicken markets.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is true according to WHO?（分数：2.00）A.It could take two years to conquer Asias outbreak of bird flu.B.Th

33、e bird flu is dangerous because it is very easy to spread between people.C.The best way to control the spread of the bird flu is by killing the infected birds.D.The outbreak of bird flu is hard to control because the genes of the bird flu strain and human flu are mixing very quickly.(2).Which one of

34、 the following countries has not been infected with human bird flu?（分数：2.00）A.Singapore.B.Thailand.C.China.D.Pakistan.(3).According to the passage, which one of the following countries has not announced the containment of bird flu?（分数：2.00）A.Pakistan.B.Thailand.C.Vietnam.D.the United States.(4).Whic

35、h of the following is false according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Three new cases of human bird flu have been confirmed by Thailand until Thursday.B.Two of the three patients in Thailand have recovered while the other died.C.The best way to control the bird flu is to slaughter infected fowl.D.The spre

36、ad of bird flu may last as long as two years, while six months at least.(5).This passage is most likely to come from _ .（分数：2.00）A.a piece of newsB.a science bookC.a survey by WHOD.a report by FAODespite ongoing negotiations with its unions, United Airlines has told the bankruptcy court that the “li

37、kely result“ will be a decision to terminate all of its pension plans.That would precipitate the biggest pension default in history, more than twice the size of the Bethlehem Steel Corporation default in 2002. The move is expected to destabilize the already struggling airline industry, prompting oth

38、er old-line carriers like Delta to eventually follow suit to maintain competitiveness.It would also put additional pressure on the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC), the federal agency that insures traditional pensions in case companies go belly up. Its already facing more than a $9 billio

39、n shortfall. A default by United would saddle it with an additional $ 8.4 billion in unfunded obligations. If other airlines follow, the PBGC may have to go to Congress and plead for a bailout that some experts say would be bigger than the Savings and Loan debacle of the 1980s.More broadly, what all

40、 this means is that retirement for US workers just isnt what it used to be. Forget the gold watch and reliable pension check after 30 years of service. The impact of globalization and competition from low-wage companies that dont provide benefits has shifted the onus of retirement security from larg

41、er firms onto individuals.Twenty years ago, 40 percent of American workers were covered by traditional pensions known as defined-benefit plans. Today that numbers dropped to 20 percent. As the Bethlehem Steel and United examples show, even that 20 percent may not be able to count on what theyve been

42、 promised. Currently, about 75 percent of those corporate plazas are underfunded. “There are numerous threats to retirement in the future,“ says Brad Belt, executive director of the PBGC. “So its incumbent on individuals to be well informed, prudent about their investments, and to save accordingly.“

43、To get a sense of the impact of the pension crisis on individuals, look at what United employees can expect. Pilots, who by law must retire at 60, could see their retirement income cut by 75 percent.Betty, who asked that her name not be used, has been flying for United for 26 years. She was expectin

44、g to retire with 140,000 a year. After the recent round of give-backs, that was cut to 90,000. But if United defaults as expected, shed receive only 28,000 from the PBGC. If she waits until 65 to start collecting, she could be eligible for as much 44,500 a year.Either way, once pilots are forced to

45、leave the cockpit at 60, most will probably look for another job rather than lounge on the golf course. Betty has already started a mediation business on the side. “All of the benefits that I d been promised during those 26 years have been erased by corporate American greed,“ she says. “And yet I ca

46、n see the big picture. Ive said for three years that our pensions are history. No matter how many promises, they make us, if the money isnt there, it isnt there.“For the pilots union, which negotiated the pension benefits over the years, often giving up wage increases for better retirement packages,

47、 the current situation is infuriating. They see pensions as benefits that are earned, like employee paychecks, not a bonus to be given as long as a company can afford it. “It seems immoral that just because they happen to be in a legal situation, they can walk away from those obligations, “says Stev

48、e Derebey, spokesman for Air Line Pilots Association.“ Why this isnt a burning, blazing campaign issue is beyond me.“（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following conclusions is not compatible with the main ideas of the article?（分数：2.00）A.The trouble that the airline industry faces is due to the impact of gl

49、obalization and competition from low-wage companies.B.Retirement for US workers just is not what it used to be.C.The dispute over Uniteds pension has become a burning, blazing campaign is-sue.D.There are numerous threats to retirement in the future.(2).“Either way, once pilots are forced to leave the cockpit at 60, most will probably look for another job rather than lounge on the golf course.“ In the 8th paragraph, this sentence means that _ .（分数：2.00）A.those pilots pensions have been