【考研类试卷】考博英语-178及答案解析.doc

《【考研类试卷】考博英语-178及答案解析.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《【考研类试卷】考博英语-178及答案解析.doc（12页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、考博英语-178 及答案解析(总分：58.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Listenin(总题数：5，分数：5.00)1.According to the passage, the presence of immigrant workers in Texas _.（分数：1.00）A.is seen as a problem by local authoritiesB.is tolerated given that it helps the local economyC.can be considered evidence of the failing economyD.is a

2、 source of racial conflict2.According to the passage, the relationship between employer and illegal worker is best described as _.（分数：1.00）A.admirableB.amicableC.difficultD.impersonal3.The illegal workers are _.（分数：1.00）A.hard-working but costly.B.lazy but cheap.C.hard-working and ambitiousD.hard-wo

3、rking and cheap.4.Which of the following was NOT stated in the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Many illegal workers look for work in areas near major cities.B.Employers never supply transportation to the place of work.C.Illegal workers do not present any documents in order to get the job.D.The illegal workers do

4、 jobs that others would consider undesirable.5.Some of the jobs that the illegal immigrants do as mentioned in the article include the following _.（分数：1.00）A.harvesting crops, working in hotels, repairing roads and packaging meatB.harvesting crops, managing restaurants, cleaning roads and packaging

5、meatC.rebuilding homes, picking apples, cleaning roads and cutting meatD.repairing power lines, working in hotels, and working in parks二、BPassage 2/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)6.Based on the passage, which of the following sentences best describes the relationship Henry Ford had with Thomas Edison?（分数：1.00）A.Th

6、ey respected each other for their intelligence and Ford accepted Edisons advice.B.They enjoyed working together and helping each other with new inventions.C.Thomas Edison taught Henry Ford how to build serf-propelled vehicles.D.Henry Ford taught Thomas Edison how to build vehicles that ran on steam.

7、7.Which sentence below supports the main idea expressed by the author?（分数：1.00）A.Henry Fords job at the Michigan Car Company taught him how to make automobiles.B.People didnt like the first “horseless carriage“ because it was so noisy.C.Henry Fords inquisitive nature and determination are what helpe

8、d him invent the Model T.D.Children can learn a lot by experimenting with objects and asking questions.8.What do the words “remain stationary“ mean in sentence 1, paragraph 4 of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.move from one place to anotherB.stay in one place and not moveC.move in two directionsD.stay in mor

9、e than one place9.What conclusion can be drawn from the essay about the United States during the time of Henry Fords youth?（分数：1.00）A.Horse-drawn carriages were used as a popular means of transportation.B.Most people were tired of horse-drawn carriages and wanted a better way to travel.C.the assembl

10、y line made it more difficult for people to invent new products.D.Many inventors were trying to invent a fast and comfortable way to travel.10.Based on the essay, which of the following sentences is the best conclusion about the characteristics of a successful inventor?（分数：1.00）A.The person must be

11、fascinating and interesting to other people.B.The person must be relaxed and able to work long hours.C.The person must go to specialized schools to learn the necessary skills.D.The person must be persistent and ambitious about inventing.三、BPart Vocabula(总题数：20，分数：10.00)11.Absorbed in her work, she w

12、as totally _ her surroundings.（分数：0.50）A.liable forB.separated byC.oblivious ofD.concerned about12.She wanted desperately to turn the flower-painted china _ on the apple-green door, and go through, but somehow she could not.（分数：0.50）A.frameB.poleC.panD.knob13.They found that an individual tends to c

13、onform to a _ group judgment even when that judgment is obviously in error.（分数：0.50）A.unanimousB.singularC.coherentD.versatile14.As the case of Amitar Ray and his family exemplifies, professional immigrants are among the most rapidly _ first because of their occupational success and second because o

14、f the absence of strong ethnic networks that reinforce the culture of origin.（分数：0.50）A.assimilatedB.consumedC.accustomedD.fascinated15.She has _ some brilliant scheme to double her income.（分数：0.50）A.come outB.come up withC.come toD.come about16.Every year a number of students graduate from the scho

15、ol which will _ new students the first week in September.（分数：0.50）A.enrollB.recruitC.collectD.reproduce17.Why do teens drink? Reasons vary from _ pressure to family patterns to social conditioning.（分数：0.50）A.spouseB.peerC.antagonistD.competitor18.Could a mechanical device ever _ human intelligence-t

16、he ultimate test being whether it could cause a real human to fall in love with it?（分数：0.50）A.destroyB.duplicateC.forgeD.eliminate19.The _ of such I. Q. tests full of questions on American culture was not questioned at that time.（分数：0.50）A.significanceB.validityC.efficiencyD.justification20.When I f

17、ound the light switch, the unshaded bulb only illuminated two small cats, sitting on the table _ round the inside of the empty ham tin.（分数：0.50）A.swallowingB.gorgingC.lickingD.digesting21.So far as the food industry is concerned, the processing of sheep and lambs is relatively _ in the United States

18、, accounting for only about 7 percent of meat-packing production.（分数：0.50）A.irrelevantB.appropriateC.negligibleD.redundant22.While researchers may not _ the expansive claims of hard-core vitamin enthusiasts, evidence suggests that the nutrients play a much more complex role in assuring vitality and

19、optimal health than was previously thought.（分数：0.50）A.authorizeB.licenseC.counteractD.endorse23.That evening roving gangs of white teenagers began to attack blacks in downtown Chicago, and the city erupted in a five-day race _ that ended with 38 deaths, 537 serious injuries, and widespread destructi

20、on.（分数：0.50）A.fussB.maneuverC.deteriorationD.riot24.“This park has more than 200 waterfalls that are 15 feet or higher. And 150 of them have never been mapped or photographed,“ says park historian Lee Whittlesey. “Now thats a _ to the size of Yellowstone.“（分数：0.50）A.propositionB.hypothesisC.ceremony

21、D.testimony25.The little girl is just learning to walk and shes always _ over.（分数：0.50）A.tumblingB.waggingC.wavingD.swaying26.The character armor consists of defensive character traits, like arrogance or apprehensiveness, that developed in childhood to _ painful feelings.（分数：0.50）A.turn asideB.ward

22、offC.bread upD.watch over27.Some readers may find it _ that a book arguing for greater literacy and intellectual discipline should lead to a call for less rather than more education.（分数：0.50）A.appealingB.controversialC.paradoxicalD.ambiguous28.In 1844, Charles Stun. a British soldier and colonial ad

23、ministrator, made an expedition _ a supposed inland sea; his party penetrated more than 1000 miles northward, almost to the center of Australia.（分数：0.50）A.in quest ofB.with regard toC.in favor ofD.by way of29.The headquarters of this textile company is in New York while its 20 _ companies are locate

24、d in different parts of the world.（分数：0.50）A.parentB.subsidiaryC.inferiorD.ultimate30.The renaissance was a(n) _ of unparalleled cultural achievement and had a great impact on almost all European countries.（分数：0.50）A.momentB.dynastyC.instantD.epoch四、BPart Cloze/(总题数：15，分数：15.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_

25、填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、BPart Translat(总题数：1，分数：3.00)46.被与自己的思想、信仰及兴趣相仿的人所吸引，那是很自然的事。同样，与体貌特征跟自己相仿的人相处，亦让人感到舒适。 您也许已经注意到生活和工作中紧密相处的人是如何在举止上趋于类同的。我们常常会不自觉地模仿我们所接近、所爱、所仰慕的人。因此，球迷会模仿某个运动员独有的耸肩行走的样子；一对情人连摇头的方式也相同；而雇员则会学他老板的习惯，也在思考问题时手指间玩弄一支笔。

26、 有影响的人物并非在所有的情形中都有意识地觉察到这种仿效，但是这种仿效的存在会使他感到舒服。如果他确实察觉到别人的手势或动作与他一样，他会感到高兴，因为那意味着他对别人产生影响，他对这些人有吸引力。（分数：3.00）_六、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)47.People never satisfied with what they have. They always want something more or something different. Use Specific reasons to support your answer. Your composi

27、tion should contain at least 180 words and must be written clearly on Answer Sheet .（分数：20.00）_考博英语-178 答案解析(总分：58.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Listenin(总题数：5，分数：5.00)1.According to the passage, the presence of immigrant workers in Texas _.（分数：1.00）A.is seen as a problem by local authoritiesB.is tolerated

28、given that it helps the local economy C.can be considered evidence of the failing economyD.is a source of racial conflict解析：从文章第 2 段可知，得克萨斯人对移民工人倾向于保持沉默，避而不谈，并没有把他们看作一个问题，而且得克萨斯州的经济增长一部分依赖于这些非法的移民工人为之工作，所以选 B。2.According to the passage, the relationship between employer and illegal worker is best de

29、scribed as _.（分数：1.00）A.admirableB.amicableC.difficultD.impersonal 解析：admirable 值得赞美的，极好的；amicable 友善的，和平的；difficult 难相处的；impersonal 非个人的。最后一段中说“Most workers do not even know their employers name“，所以雇主和这些非法移民工人之间的关系是“非个人的”。3.The illegal workers are _.（分数：1.00）A.hard-working but costly.B.lazy but che

30、ap.C.hard-working and ambitiousD.hard-working and cheap. 解析：第 3 段最后“by the ready supply of cheap，diligent，illegal labor“说明这些非法工人廉价、勤快。选 D。4.Which of the following was NOT stated in the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Many illegal workers look for work in areas near major cities.B.Employers never supply transport

31、ation to the place of work. C.Illegal workers do not present any documents in order to get the job.D.The illegal workers do jobs that others would consider undesirable.解析：A 选项文中没有直接说，但是从文章比喻 Dallas 和 Houston 是吸引非法移民的磁铁可以看出，非法移民多数在主要城市找工作；在文章第 3 段讲到“There a dawn drive pastslows down to take them“只是说这

32、些移民准备跟任何想雇佣他们的人走，而雇主是否提供去上班的交通工具并没有提及；C 在文中的 no questions are asked，no papers signed 有提及；D 选项在第 1 段就提到“undocumented immigrants doing the jobs no one else wants“。所以选 B。5.Some of the jobs that the illegal immigrants do as mentioned in the article include the following _.（分数：1.00）A.harvesting crops, wo

33、rking in hotels, repairing roads and packaging meat B.harvesting crops, managing restaurants, cleaning roads and packaging meatC.rebuilding homes, picking apples, cleaning roads and cutting meatD.repairing power lines, working in hotels, and working in parks解析：在文章第 1 段中有 2 处提到非法移民工人在 Texas 都做些什么工作，由

34、此分析 4 个选项。B 中managing restaurants，cleaning roads 是文中没有提到的，C 中 cleaning roads and cutting meat 不正确，D 中 working in parks 不正确，所以选 A。二、BPassage 2/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)6.Based on the passage, which of the following sentences best describes the relationship Henry Ford had with Thomas Edison?（分数：1.00）A.They res

35、pected each other for their intelligence and Ford accepted Edisons advice. B.They enjoyed working together and helping each other with new inventions.C.Thomas Edison taught Henry Ford how to build serf-propelled vehicles.D.Henry Ford taught Thomas Edison how to build vehicles that ran on steam.解析：文章

36、第 7 段中写道，Henry Ford 向来敬重 Edison 的工作，而 Edison 也同意 Henry 的观点并且鼓励他继续他的工作，所以 A 选项是正确的。而 B，C，D 文中都没有提及。7.Which sentence below supports the main idea expressed by the author?（分数：1.00）A.Henry Fords job at the Michigan Car Company taught him how to make automobiles.B.People didnt like the first “horseless c

37、arriage“ because it was so noisy.C.Henry Fords inquisitive nature and determination are what helped him invent the Model T.D.Children can learn a lot by experimenting with objects and asking questions. 解析：文章最后一句就表明了作者写此文的目的，即他是要借福特的例子来说明孩子们爱动手做实验和提问题有助于其发展创新，所以选 D。C 项只说到了 Model T 这只是文中一个小事例并不是本文主旨，所

38、以不对。8.What do the words “remain stationary“ mean in sentence 1, paragraph 4 of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.move from one place to anotherB.stay in one place and not move C.move in two directionsD.stay in more than one place解析：stationary 固定的，所以选 B。9.What conclusion can be drawn from the essay about the Un

39、ited States during the time of Henry Fords youth?（分数：1.00）A.Horse-drawn carriages were used as a popular means of transportation. B.Most people were tired of horse-drawn carriages and wanted a better way to travel.C.the assembly line made it more difficult for people to invent new products.D.Many in

40、ventors were trying to invent a fast and comfortable way to travel.解析：第 3 段写到儿时的 Henry 和父亲一起坐马车出行，所以推断美国当时普遍的交通工具是马车，A 正确。B，C，D 文中都没有提及。10.Based on the essay, which of the following sentences is the best conclusion about the characteristics of a successful inventor?（分数：1.00）A.The person must be fasc

41、inating and interesting to other people.B.The person must be relaxed and able to work long hours.C.The person must go to specialized schools to learn the necessary skills.D.The person must be persistent and ambitious about inventing. 解析：从全文可以看出，成功的发明家应该对发明创造工作坚持不懈、雄心勃勃，Henry 正是这样的。所以选 D。而 A 选项说发明家应该

42、对别人着迷，是不正确的；D 选项说需要发明家放松，能工作很长时间，文中并没有提到；C 选项说需要去专门的学校学习技能也是不对的， Henry 就没有到这样的学校学习过。三、BPart Vocabula(总题数：20，分数：10.00)11.Absorbed in her work, she was totally _ her surroundings.（分数：0.50）A.liable forB.separated byC.oblivious of D.concerned about解析：liable for 对负责；separated by 被隔绝，被孤立；oblivious of 遗忘的，

43、忘却的；concerned about 关心，挂念。她专注于她的工作完全忘了周围的一切，所以选 C。12.She wanted desperately to turn the flower-painted china _ on the apple-green door, and go through, but somehow she could not.（分数：0.50）A.frameB.poleC.panD.knob 解析：frame 结构，框架；pole 杆，柱；pan 平底锅；knob(门、抽屉等的)球形把手。13.They found that an individual tends

44、to conform to a _ group judgment even when that judgment is obviously in error.（分数：0.50）A.unanimous B.singularC.coherentD.versatile解析：unanimous 意见一致的，无异议的；singular 单一的；coherent 前后一致的，连贯的； versatile 通用的，多才多艺的。14.As the case of Amitar Ray and his family exemplifies, professional immigrants are among t

45、he most rapidly _ first because of their occupational success and second because of the absence of strong ethnic networks that reinforce the culture of origin.（分数：0.50）A.assimilated B.consumedC.accustomedD.fascinated解析：assimilated 被吸收的；consumed 被消费的；accustomed 变习惯的；fascinated 使着迷的。题意为那些职业型的移民是最容易被同化

46、的，所以选 A。15.She has _ some brilliant scheme to double her income.（分数：0.50）A.come outB.come up with C.come toD.come about解析：come out 出来，长出；come up with 提出，想出；come to 达到，复苏；come about 发生，产生。16.Every year a number of students graduate from the school which will _ new students the first week in September

47、.（分数：0.50）A.enroll B.recruitC.collectD.reproduce解析：enroll 注册，登记，招收，使加入，enroll new student 招收新生；recruit 吸收，招收，征募，一般指招收军队或党派成员；collect 收集，聚集；reproduce 繁殖，再生。17.Why do teens drink? Reasons vary from _ pressure to family patterns to social conditioning.（分数：0.50）A.spouseB.peer C.antagonistD.competitor解析：spouse 配偶；peer 同等的人，同龄人；antagonist 对手，敌手；competitor 竞争者。题目是说来自同龄人的压力是十几岁的孩子喝酒的一个原因，所以选 B。18.Could a mechanical device ever _ human intelligence-the ultimate test being whether it could cause