【考研类试卷】考博英语-111及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-111 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on some high cliffs _ it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.（分数：0.50）A.rendersB.reckonsC.regardsD.relates2.We were pleased to note that the early morning

2、 delivery didnt _ to the traffic jam of the busy city.（分数：0.50）A.aidB.amountC.addD.attribute3.We shall send you commercial invoice, bills of lading and insurance certificates so that you can _the goods on a D/P basis.（分数：0.50）A.consumeB.complainC.concernD.claim4.A year ago the firm had a _ loss of 4

3、.3 million dollars or 20 cents a share after all necessary deduction.（分数：0.50）A.totalB.grossC.netD.clear5.Without proper lessons, you could _ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.（分数：0.50）A.keep upB.pick upC.draw upD.catch up6.Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the bod

4、ys need for it from natural sources without turning _ the salt bottle.（分数：0.50）A.upB.toC.onD.over7.As we are on the point of _some important business with them, we should like to know exactly about their credit standing.（分数：0.50）A.transmittingB.transferringC.transactingD.transporting8.Tony is very d

5、isappointed _ the results of the exam.（分数：0.50）A.withB.forC.towardD.on9.I suggested he should _ himself to his new conditions.（分数：0.50）A.adaptB.adoptC.regulateD.suit10.I hope all the precautions against air pollution, _ suggested by the local government, will be seriously considered here.（分数：0.50）A.

6、whileB.sinceC.afterD.as11.You dont have to install this radio in your new car. Its an _ extra.（分数：0.50）A.excessiveB.optionalC.additionalD.arbitrary12.The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest _ to everyone.（分数：0.50）A.speculationB.attributionC.utilizationD.proposition13.To

7、 impress a future employer, one should dress neatly and be _.（分数：0.50）A.swiftB.instantC.timelyD.punctual14.When people become unemployed, it is _ which is often worse than lack of wages.（分数：0.50）A.lazinessB.povertyC.idlenessD.inability15.William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, _ defended the righ

8、t of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion.（分数：0.50）A.peculiarlyB.indifferentlyC.vigorouslyD.inevitably16._ his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.（分数：0.50）A.DislikeB.UnlikeC.AlikeD.Liking17.The mayor is a woman with great _ and therefore deserves our politic

9、al and financial support.（分数：0.50）A.intentionB.instinctC.integrityD.intensity18.In previous times, when fresh meat was in short_, pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food.（分数：0.50）A.storeB.provisionC.reserveD.supply19.Cancellation of the flight _ many passengers to spend the night at

10、 tile airport.（分数：0.50）A.resultedB.obligedC.demandedD.recommended20.We have at present not any _ of the furniture as you required. A. mark B, inventory C. stock D. account（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、BPart Cloze/(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the norm

11、al growth and maintenance of life of animals, including man.They do not provide energy, U(21) /U do they construct or build any part of the body. They are needed for U(22) /U foods into energy and body maintenance. There are thirteen or more of them, and if U(23) /U is missing a deficiency disease b

12、ecomes U(24) /UVitamins are similar because they are U(25) /U of the same elements-usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and U(26) /U. nitrogen. They are different U(27) /U their elements are arranged U(28) /U, and each vitamin U(29) /U one or more specific U(30) /U in the body.U (31) /U enough vitamins

13、 is essential to life, U(32) /U the body has no nutritional use for U(33) /U vitamins. Many people, U(34) /U, believe in being on the “safe side“ and thus take extra vitamins. However, a U(35) /U diet will usually meet all the bodys vitamin needs.（分数：15.00）A.eitherB.soC.norD.neverA.shiftingB.transfe

14、rringC.alteringD.transformingA.anyB.someC.anythingD.somethingA.seriousB.apparentC.severeD.fatalA.madeB.doneC.consistD.composeA.mostlyB.partiallyC.sometimesD.rarelyA.in thatB.so thatC.such thatD.except thatA.differentlyB.definitelyC.sameD.clearlyA.undertakesB.holdsC.playsD.performsA.functionsB.moodC.

15、roleD.meaningA.SupplyingB.GettingC.ProvidingD.FurnishingA.althoughB.andC.yetD.bothA.exceptionalB.exceedingC.excessD.externalA.neverthelessB.thereforeC.moreoverD.meanwhileA.well-balancedB.badC.specialD.common三、BPart Reading (总题数：4，分数：40.00)BPassage 1/BOn the morning of September 11th, I boarded the t

16、rain from Washington Heights in Upper Manhattan just as usual and went to the Body Positive office in the South Street Seaport of Lower Manhattan. While I was leaving the subway at 8:53 am, a man ran down the street screaming, “Someone just bombed the World Trade Center.“ Those around me screamed an

17、d shouted “No!“ in disbelief. However, being an amateur photographer, and thinking that I might be able to help out, I ran directly toward the WTC. I stopped just short of the WTC at a comer and looked up. There before me stood the gaping hole and fire that had taken over the first building. I stood

18、 there in shock taking pictures, wanting to run even closer to help out, but I could not move. Soon I saw what looked like little angels floating down from the top of the building. I began to cry when I realized that these “ angels“ in fact, desperate office workers-were coming down, some one-by-one

19、, some even holding hands with another. Could I actually be seeing this disaster unfold with hundreds of people around me crying, screaming and running for safety?As I watched in horror, another white airliner came from the south and took aim at the South Tower. As the plane entered the building, th

20、ere was an explosion and fire and soon debris (碎片) began to fall around me. It was then that I realized that we were being attacked and that this was just not a terrible accident. Yet, I still could not move, until I was pushed down by the crowd on the street, many now in a panic running toward the

21、water, as far from the WTC as they could possibly get. All around me were the visual reminders of hundreds of people running in panic. There were shoes, hats, briefcases, pocketbooks, newspapers, and other personal items dropped as hundreds of people ran for safety.Much has been written about the di

22、saster already. We have learned so much in such a small amount of time about appreciating life. In some way we must move forward, bury the dead, build a memorial for those lost, and begin the coping and healing process for the survivors. But healing takes time. Some have been able to head right back

23、 to work, others seek counseling, while others remain, walking through the streets with expressionless faces. However, we are all united in our grief.（分数：10.00）(1).According to paragraph one, the authors office was _.（分数：2.00）A.at Washington HeightsB.just beside the World Trade CenterC.in the South

24、Street SeaportD.far from the WTC(2).The passage tells us that the author _.（分数：2.00）A.was a social workerB.worked in the Body Positive office near the WTOC.was asked to take some pictures of WTCD.ran toward WTC because he wanted to make out what was happening(3).What was his first reflection when he

25、 stood at the corner?（分数：2.00）A.There was a terrible accident in which an airliner struck the first building.B.A terrorist attack against America had begun.C.People were floating down from the top of the building as if they wanted to break a world record.D.He was just at a loss and could not make ou

26、t what had happened.(4).What was the immediate reaction of the author on seeing all this?（分数：2.00）A.He watched in horror taking pictures, but couldnt move.B.He ran nearer to help out.C.He ran nearer to take pictures.D.He ran away to try to find a shelter.(5).In the last paragraph, the authors attitu

27、de is that _.（分数：2.00）A.different people have different ideasB.however difficult the situation is, people should unite and move forwardC.people should go hack to work immediatelyD.people shouldnt walk with expressionless facesBPassage 2/BOn an average of six times a day, a doctor in Holland practice

28、s “active“ euthanasia: intentionally administering a lethal (致死的) drug to a terminally ill patient who has asked to be relieved of suffering. Twenty times a day, life-prolonging treatment is withheld or withdrawn when there is no hope that it can effect an ultimate cure. “Active“ euthanasia remains

29、a crime on the Dutch statute books, punishable by 12 years in prison. But a series of court cases over the past 15 years has made it clear that a competent physician who carries it out will not be prosecuted.Euthanasia, often called “mercy killing“ is a crime everywhere in Western Europe. But more a

30、nd more doctors and nurses readily admit to practicing it, most often in the “passive“ form of withholding or withdrawing treatment. The long simmering euthanasia issue has lately boiled over into a, sometimes, fierce public debate, with both sides claiming the mantle of ultimate righteousness. Thos

31、e opposed to the practice see themselves upholding sacred principles of respect for life, while those in favor raise the banner of humane treatment. After years on the defensive, the advocates now seem to be gaining ground. Recent polls in Britain show that 72 percent of British subjects favor eutha

32、nasia in some circumstances. An astonishing 76 percent of respondents to a poll taken last year in France said they would like the law changed to decriminalize mercy killings.Euthanasia has been a topic of controversy in Europe since at least 1936, when a bill was introduced in the House of Lords th

33、at would have legalized mercy killing under very tightly supervised conditions. That bill failed, as have three others introduced in the House of Lords since then.Reasons for the latest surge of interest in euthanasia are not hard to find. Europeans, like Americans, are now living longer. Therefore,

34、 lingering chronic diseases have replaced critical illnesses as the primary cause of death. And the euthanasists argue that every human being should have the right to “die with dignity,“ by which they usually mean the right to escape the horrors of a painful or degrading hospitalization (住院治疗).Most

35、experts believe that euthanasia will continue to be practiced no matter what the law says.（分数：10.00）(1).From the passage we can see that in Holland _.（分数：2.00）A.a doctor who practices euthanasia will not be punishedB.euthanasia is regarded as illegalC.euthanasia is very popularD.active euthanasia is

36、 still illegal, but people often tolerate an experienced doctor who carries it out(2).What is the comment of the author on the problem of euthanasia?（分数：2.00）A.Euthanasia is not regarded as a crime in France.B.More and more medical workers like to practice euthanasia, no matter what form it takes.C.

37、The problem of euthanasia is now being debated heatedly and openly.D.There is not much difference between “active“ and “passive“ euthanasia.(3).Which of the following statements can not be found in the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Those opposed euthanasia say that they believe the right to live is sacred.B.Th

38、ose in favor of euthanasia maintain that they are for humane treatment.C.Recently the advocates of euthanasia have got more support from the public.D.More and more people like to have the law changed.(4).What do you think is the standpoint of the author on this problem?（分数：2.00）A.He is a fence-sitte

39、r.B.He is afraid that the situation may get out of control.C.He is strongly against euthanasia.D.He supports euthanasia whole-heartedly.(5).Which of the following is the most reasonable cause of euthanasia?（分数：2.00）A.People dont like to live too long.B.People dont like to suffer from lasting chronic

40、 diseases.C.People dont like to be hospitalized.D.People dont like to become a burden of others.BPassage 3/BConcern with money, and then more money, in order to buy the conveniences and luxuries of modern life, has brought great changes to the lives of most Frenchmen. More people are working than ev

41、er before in France. In the cities the traditional leisurely midday meal is disappearing. Offices, shops and factories are discovering the greater efficiency of a short lunch hour in company lunchrooms. In almost all lines of work emphasis now falls on ever-increasing output. Thus the “typical“ Fren

42、chman produces more, earns more, and buys more consumer goods than his counterpart of only a generation ago. He gains in creature comforts and ease of life. What he loses to some extent is his sense of personal uniqueness, or individuality.Some say that France has been Americanized. This is because

43、the United States is a world symbol of the technological society and its consumer products. The so-called Americanization of France has its critics. They fear that “assembly-line life“ will lead to the disappearance of the pleasures of the more graceful and leisurely old French style. What will happ

44、en, they ask, to taste, elegance, and the cultivation of the good things in life-to joy in the smell of a freshly, picked apple, a stroll by the river, or just happy hours of conversation in a local cafe?Since the late 1950s life in France has indeed taken on qualities of rush, tension, and the purs

45、uit of material gain. Some of the strongest critics of the new way of life are the young, especially university students. They are concerned with the future, and they fear that France is threatened by the triumph of the competitive, goods-oriented culture. Occasionally, they have reacted against the

46、 trend with considerable violence.In spite of the critics, however, countless Frenchmen are committed to keeping France in the forefront of the modern economic world. They find that the present life brings more rewards, conveniences, and pleasures than that of the past. They believe that a modern, i

47、ndustrial France is preferable to the old.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is not given as a feature of the old French way of life?（分数：2.00）A.Leisure.B.Elegance.C.Efficiency.D.Taste.(2).Which of the following is NOT related to the new French way of life?（分数：2.00）A.Shorter lunch hour.B.Greater ou

48、tput.C.Creature comfort.D.Leisurely cafe talk.(3).Nowadays few Frenchmen _.（分数：2.00）A.prefer the modern life styleB.actually enjoy working at the assembly lineC.are more concerned with money than in the pastD.are more competitive than the old generation(4).The passage suggests that _.（分数：2.00）A.in pursuing material gains the Frenchmen are suffering losses elsewhereB.Its now unlikely to see a Frenchman enjoying a stroll by the riverC.the French are fed up with the smell of freshly picked applesD.great changes have occurred in the life style of all Frenchmen(5).Which of the followin