【考研类试卷】考博英语-108及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-108 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.Although they are very succinct-that is why they caught on-cliches are wasted words because they are _ expressions rather than fresh ones.（分数：2.50）A.staleB.stainlessC.stableD.spotted2.Though Americans do not currently _ abortions di

2、rectly, costs are carried by other Americans through higher insurance premiums.（分数：2.50）A.implementB.terminateC.prohibitD.subsidize3.There are probably very few cases in which different races have lived in complete _ in a single country for long periods.（分数：2.50）A.successB.revengeC.harmonyD.conscien

3、ce4.In the last century and a half, scientific development has been breathtaking, but the understanding of this progress has not _ changed.（分数：2.50）A.incidentallyB.dramaticallyC.rigorouslyD.temporarily5.It is always useful to have savings to _.（分数：2.50）A.come out inB.live up toC.make a fuss ofD.fall

4、 back on6.We seek a society that has _ a respect for the dignity and worth of the individual.（分数：2.50）A.at its endB.at its handC.at its coreD.at its best7.Modem man is careless when disposing _ his garbage.（分数：2.50）A.ofB.toC.atD.about8.Negro slavery, many claimed, was good for all _.（分数：2.50）A.conce

5、rnedB.is concernedC.to concernD.that concerns9.To cry over spilled milk is to cry _.（分数：2.50）A.in a vainB.in the vainC.in vainD.in no vain10.“Do you want to see my driver“s license or my passport?“ “Oh, _.“（分数：2.50）A.either does wellB.either one will doC.each one is goodD.each will be fine11.The nov

6、el, which is a work of art, exists not by its _ life, but by its immeasurable difference from life.（分数：2.50）A.significance inB.imagination atC.resemblance toD.predominance over12.A 50-ft wave travels at speeds _ 20 m.P.h., and anyone who“s too slow at the approach risks being smashed.（分数：2.50）A.in e

7、xcess ofB.in the reach ofC.in exchange forD.in relation to13.He gave me a lot of help in my work, so I have to _ my success to him.（分数：2.50）A.grantB.ascribeC.commitD.submit14.It is well known that the first _ can only work hard planting young trees for a new business, while the following people may

8、obtain the successful fruits.（分数：2.50）A.practitionersB.amateursC.forerunnersD.managers15.The honest journalist has kept investigating that high rank official for a long time, and he felt very happy when that fellow“s corrupt scandal _ at last.（分数：2.50）A.got to lightB.stood in lightC.came to lightD.l

9、ooked in light16.The Minister“s _ answer led to an outcry from the opposition.（分数：2.50）A.impressiveB.evasiveC.intensiveD.amusive17.The old gentleman _ to be an old friend of his grandfather“s.（分数：2.50）A.turned inB.turned overC.turned upD.turned out18.The rules stated that anyone who had held office

10、for three years was not _ for reelection.（分数：2.50）A.admirableB.eligibleC.reliableD.capable19.I feel very sad that the young man“s energetic initiative _ with nothing in the experiment, for he met a lot of interference from the powerful authority.（分数：2.50）A.burned upB.tuned upC.pushed upD.ended up20.

11、We were politely _ an armed guard and warned not to take pictures.（分数：2.50）A.assignedB.allowedC.acceptedD.assisted21.The recovery and _ of the country“ economy has also been accompanied by increasing demands for high quality industrial sites in attractive locations.（分数：2.50）A.renewalB.revivalC.reces

12、sionD.relief22.In fact the purchasing power of a single person“s pension in Hong Kong was only 70 per cent of the value of the _ Singapore pension.（分数：2.50）A.equivalentB.similarC.consistentD.identical23.It seems a reasonable rule of thumb that any genuine offer of help and support from people or org

13、anizations will be accompanied by a name and address, and a willingness to be _ as to their motive in making contact.（分数：2.50）A.seen throughB.checked outC.touched onD.accounted to24.According to BBC boxing reporter Mike Costello, just as there is worldwide _ with boxing, so there is worldwide opposi

14、tion.（分数：2.50）A.passionB.attractionC.emotionD.fascination25.Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their _ aspects.（分数：2.50）A.potentialB.socialC.essentialD.partial26._ any advice which you can get from the interviewer and follow up

15、 suggestions for improving your presentation and qualifications.（分数：2.50）A.Take the most ofB.Keep the most ofC.Have the most ofD.Make the most of27.There is a loss of self-confidence, a sense of personal failure, great anger and a feeling of being utterly _.（分数：2.50）A.let aloneB.let outC.let downD.l

16、et on28.Japan remains tied to the Western camp partly because the relationship has become _ to her economy and politics over forty years“ a ssociation.（分数：2.50）A.integralB.unilateralC.rationalD.hierarchical29.With most online recruitment services, jobseekers must choose their words carefully, _ the

17、search engine will never make the correct match.（分数：2.50）A.thereforeB.whereasC.providedD.otherwise30.The child should always _ the same basic procedure: seeing the whole word-hearing and pronouncing-writing from memory.（分数：2.50）A.go throughB.take overC.respond toD.carry off31.That MGM Grand Youth Ce

18、nter is open to children 3-12 years old _ what hotel they are staying in.（分数：2.50）A.regardless inB.regardless ofC.regardless onD.regardless from32.Ever since Geoffrey sent a sizeable cheque to a well-known charity he“s been _ with requests for money from all sides.（分数：2.50）A.devastatedB.smashedC.bom

19、bardedD.cracked33.Knowing that the cruel criminal has done a lot of unlawful things, I feel sure that I have no _ but to report him to the local police.（分数：2.50）A.timeB.chanceC.authorityD.alternative34.Behind his large smiles and large cigars, his eyes often seemed to _ regret.（分数：2.50）A.teem withB.

20、brim withC.come withD.look with35.They are always ready to _ heavy responsibilities.（分数：2.50）A.take inB.take onC.put onD.put in36.There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young one has a glorious future before him and the old one has a _ future behind him.（分数：2.50）A.splen

21、didB.conspicuousC.uproariousD.imminent37.That tragedy distressed me so much that I used to keep indoors and go out only _ necessity.（分数：2.50）A.within reach ofB.for fear ofC.by means ofD.in case of38.A young man sees a sunset and unable to understand or express the emotion that it _ in him, concludes

22、 that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond.（分数：2.50）A.reflectsB.retainsC.rousesD.radiates39._ the heat to a simmer and continue to cook for another 8-10 minutes or until most of the water has evaporated.（分数：2.50）A.Turn offB.Turn overC.Turn downD.Turn up40.Banks shall be unable to _, or

23、 claim relief against the first 15% of any loan or bankrupted debt left with them.（分数：2.50）A.write offB.put asideC.shrink fromD.come over考博英语-108 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.Although they are very succinct-that is why they caught on-cliches are wasted words because they

24、 are _ expressions rather than fresh ones.（分数：2.50）A.stale B.stainlessC.stableD.spotted解析：解析 空白处在一个原因状语从句中，该原因状语说明为什么“陈词滥调是废话(cliches are wasted words)”。在这个原因状语中，rather than 的意思是“而不是”，它的前后的成分通常呈反义关系；由于它的后面用了 fresh(新鲜)一词，故空白处的词应当选 stale，意为“陈腐的，旧的”。stainless意为“无瑕疵的”；stable 意为“稳定的”；spotted 意为“被指出的，被发现的

25、”。所以，本题选 A。2.Though Americans do not currently _ abortions directly, costs are carried by other Americans through higher insurance premiums.（分数：2.50）A.implementB.terminateC.prohibitD.subsidize 解析：解析 句子意思为，“虽然美国人现在不直接_人工流产，但是费用由其他美国人通过高额保险金来承担。”句子前后是转折关系，后面提到“费用由其他美国人通过高额保险金来承担”，前面应当是指“不直接给予经济上支持”，只有

26、 subsidize“资助，给补助金”符合题意。implement 意为“贯彻，执行”；terminate 意为“终止”；prohibit 意为“禁止”；三者均与题意不符。所以，本题选D。3.There are probably very few cases in which different races have lived in complete _ in a single country for long periods.（分数：2.50）A.successB.revengeC.harmony D.conscience解析：解析 句子意思为，“不同的种族能够长时间地在一个国家特别_地生

27、活，这种情况很少。”由上下文，句子前面提到 different races，后面又提到是 in a single country，因此应当选harmony，意思是“和睦相处”。success 意为“成功”；conscience 意为“良心”；revenge 意为“复仇”；放在原句中，在意思上都说不通。所以，本题选 A。4.In the last century and a half, scientific development has been breathtaking, but the understanding of this progress has not _ changed.（分数

28、：2.50）A.incidentallyB.dramatically C.rigorouslyD.temporarily解析：解析 根据句子所给信息可知，句子的意思是“在过去的 150年中，科学的发展很令人鼓舞，但人们对于这种进展的了解却没什么变化”。题目的要求是，选择一个与动词 change搭配得当的副词。由于前句中用了 breathtaking，意思是“在成绩上和发展速度上都非常惊人”，后句由 but引导，表示转折，而且有否定词 not，可以推论，后句表达的大意是“人们对该发展的理解上的变化却不那么惊人”。能够表达此意义的只有 dramatically，与 change搭配，意为“巨大的、

29、惊人的变化”。incidentally 意为“偶然，偶尔”；rigorously 意为“严厉的，苛刻的”；temporarily 意为“暂时的”；这三个词均与题意不符。所以，本题选 B。5.It is always useful to have savings to _.（分数：2.50）A.come out inB.live up toC.make a fuss ofD.fall back on 解析：解析 此题考查对动词词组意义的掌握。根据句子的结构，带有空白的动词不定式充当 savings的定语，have savings to.意思是“有的存款”。come out in.不是固定词组，可

30、以译成“以方式出来”；live up to.意为“不辜负，遵守”；make a fuss of.意为“对小题大作、大惊小怪”；显然，这三个表达式都不符合句意要求。fall back on.是固定词组，表示“求助于”或“转而依靠”，常用于 have something/someone to fall back on的结构中，用在此句，句子的意思是“有可以依靠的、备用的存款总是有用的”。再例如：She has no relatives to fall back on(她没有亲戚可以依赖)。所以，本题选 D。6.We seek a society that has _ a respect for t

31、he dignity and worth of the individual.（分数：2.50）A.at its endB.at its handC.at its core D.at its best解析：解析 at its core 的意思是“在核心处”，既“从根本上”，用在此句，句子的意思是“我们寻求一种从根本上来讲尊重个人尊严和价值的社会”。at its end 意为“在最后”；at its hand 是杜撰的用法，在英语中不存在；at its best 意为“最好”。所以，本题选 C。7.Modem man is careless when disposing _ his garbag

32、e.（分数：2.50）A.of B.toC.atD.about解析：解析 dispose of 是固定词组，意思为“处理掉，打发掉”。如：He had disposed of all his books when he left school.(他离校前处理掉了所有的书。)其他三个介词都不能与 dispose形成习惯搭配。所以，本题选 A。8.Negro slavery, many claimed, was good for all _.（分数：2.50）A.concerned B.is concernedC.to concernD.that concerns解析：解析 根据句子的结构，句中缺

33、少的是介词 for的宾语 all的后置定语。四个选项中都有concern，那么答对与否取决于对 concern的用法的掌握。concern 是个及物动词，意思是“关系到，影响，涉及”等，如：This study concerns couples“ expectations of marriage(这项研究涉及夫妻双方对婚姻的种种期望)。The tax changes will concern large corporations rather than small businesses.(税率的变化将会影响大的企业而不是小企业)。根据 concern只用作及物动词这一点，就可排除 D项。B 项

34、的错误在于它与 all连用就构成了主谓结构，而不是名词性成分做介词宾语。C 项在结构上是可接受的，即 all to concern在结构上同 something to do，意思是“所涉及的所有的人/物”。但是，英语中表达此义有专门的用法，即 A项(all)concerned，此处，concerned 已经用作一个形容词了。所以，本题选 A。9.To cry over spilled milk is to cry _.（分数：2.50）A.in a vainB.in the vainC.in vain D.in no vain解析：解析 in vain 是固定用法，意为“徒劳的，无用的”。前面

35、无需用任何冠词。如：He tried in vain to open the locked door(他试图打开锁着的门，但没有成功)。所以，本题选 C。10.“Do you want to see my driver“s license or my passport?“ “Oh, _.“（分数：2.50）A.either does wellB.either one will do C.each one is goodD.each will be fine解析：解析 问句中了 my driver“s license or my passport，答句中要么是两个都要，用 both of the

36、m will do表示；要么是两者都不要，用 neither of them will do；要么是要其中之一，应该用either one will do表示，即选项 B。表示“两者之一”，用 either，不能用 each，因此就排除掉选项C和 D。而选项 A则不符合表达习惯。either 的意义和用法再例如：He lived in London and Manchester, but he doesn“t like either city very much.(他曾在伦敦和曼彻斯特居住，但这两个城市他都不是很喜欢。)Either of the plans is equally danger

37、ous.(这两项计划是同样危险的。)do 在这里是指“行，可以”。如：It won“t do for us to be late(我们迟到了可不行)。No, that won“t do; it“s too risky(不，那不行，那样太冒险了)。11.The novel, which is a work of art, exists not by its _ life, but by its immeasurable difference from life.（分数：2.50）A.significance inB.imagination atC.resemblance to D.predomi

38、nance over解析：解析 这是一个由 but连接的转折关系的并列句。后面提到了 difference，由句子前后关系看，空白处的词应当是 difference的反义词，只有 resemblance to符合题意。significance in(life)意为“在(生活方面)的意义”，与题意不符；imagination at(life)不是正确用法；predominance over.的意思是“比强，在之上”，放在此句中，毫无意义。所以，本题选 C。12.A 50-ft wave travels at speeds _ 20 m.P.h., and anyone who“s too slo

39、w at the approach risks being smashed.（分数：2.50）A.in excess of B.in the reach ofC.in exchange forD.in relation to解析：解析 这句话的意思为，“50 英尺的海浪以_每小时 20米的速度前进，人如果太慢的话就有被撞的危险。”根据句意，不可能用 in exchange for(交换)和 in relation to(关于，涉及)。in the reach of表示“在可及的范围之内”，而原句显然不是指地域的概念，只能用 in excess of，表示“超过”。再例如：He was spen

40、ding in excess of his income(他的支出超出了收入)。The money they took with them was considerably in excess of what they needed(他们带的钱大大超过所需要的数目)。所以，本题选 A。13.He gave me a lot of help in my work, so I have to _ my success to him.（分数：2.50）A.grantB.ascribe C.commitD.submit解析：解析 由句中的 so可看出前半句是原因，后半句表示结果。前面提到“他在工作中给

41、了我很多帮助”，那么空白处应当是表示归功于或感激的意思。四个选项中只有 ascribe与后面的 to构“把归功于(归咎于)”的意思。如：He ascribed his failure to bad luck.(他把失败归咎于运气不好。)This play is ascribed to Shakespeare.(一般认为这个剧本是莎士比亚所作。)grant something to somebody意为“允许某人拥有某物”，如：A license to sell alcohol was granted to the club.(这个俱乐部获得许可证，被允许出售酒类。)commit somebod

42、y to something 意为“保证某人一定做某事”，如：Meeting them doesn“t commit us to anything.(见见他们，并不意味着我们将非干什么不可。)submit something to somebody意为“把某物提交给某人”，如：The agency must submit an annual budget to the board each July.(代理商须在每年 7月向董事会提交年度预算。)所以，本题选 B。14.It is well known that the first _ can only work hard planting y

43、oung trees for a new business, while the following people may obtain the successful fruits.（分数：2.50）A.practitioners B.amateursC.forerunnersD.managers解析：解析 句子前半句提到 the first，后半句用的 while从句中又有 the following people，意思实际上就是“前人栽树，后人乘凉”。因此应当用 practitioners(person who practices a skill or an art)，即“实践者”，即“做

44、的人”，如：an early practitioner of this dangerous specialty(早期从事这个危险专业的人)。amateurs 意为“业余从事者”；managers 意为“经理，经营者”；forerunners 意为“先驱，先行者”；这三项若放在句子中，都不合乎逻辑。所以，本题选 A。15.The honest journalist has kept investigating that high rank official for a long time, and he felt very happy when that fellow“s corrupt sca

45、ndal _ at last.（分数：2.50）A.got to lightB.stood in lightC.came to light D.looked in light解析：解析 come to light 是固定词组，意思是 be made known或 be revealed，即“显露，被暴露”，也可用成 be brought to light。如：New evidence have recently come to light(新证据最近才为人所知)。New facts have been brought to light(新的情况曝光了)。stood in someone“s l

46、ight 意为“挡住某人的光线，妨碍某人的利益”，如：Could you move to the left a little-you“re standing in my light(你能不能往左挪一点儿，你挡住我的光线了)。其他两选项都是杜撰的用法。所以，本题选C。16.The Minister“s _ answer led to an outcry from the opposition.（分数：2.50）A.impressiveB.evasive C.intensiveD.amusive解析：解析 句子大意是“部长的_回答引起了反对党的强烈抗议”，即反对党对部长的回答非常不满。impres

47、sive 意为“给人深刻印象的，感人的”，amusive 意为“愉快的，有趣的”，这两词为褒义词，与原句意思相反；intensive 意为“加强的，密集的，精深的”，显然也不合题意。只有 evasive，符合上下文意思。其意为：not willing to answer questions directly，即“逃避的，含糊其辞的”，它的后面常用 about。如：Paul“s being a bit evasive about his job(Paul 对他的工作闪烁其词)；an evasive reply(一个躲躲闪闪的回答)。所以，本题选 B。17.The old gentleman _

48、to be an old friend of his grandfather“s.（分数：2.50）A.turned inB.turned overC.turned upD.turned out 解析：解析 turn out 在这里的意思是 to happen in a particular way, or to have a particular result, especially one that you did not expect，即“原来是，证明是”，经常表示出乎预料之外的情况。如：That guy turned out to be Maria“s second cousin(那个人原来是 Maria的二表弟)。It was a difficult time, but eventually things turned out all right(那时候很难，但最终结果还可以)。To my surprise, it turned out that I was wrong(令我惊奇的是，居然是我错了)。其他三个选项也都是固定词组，turn in 意为“拐弯进入，上交”等；turn over 意为“翻过来，移交