【考研类试卷】翻译英语-5及答案解析.doc

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1、翻译英语-5 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.Its a modern city, full of _ tower block.（分数：1.00）A.risingB.heavingC.ascendingD.soaring2.The official was arrested for inability to _ all his fortune he has enjoyed.（分数：1.00）A.clarifyB.intensifyC.verifyD.justify3.My tutor frequent

2、ly reminds me to _ myself of every chance to improve my English.（分数：1.00）A.availB.informC.assureD.notify4.The committee members resented _ them of the meeting.（分数：1.00）A.the president that he did not tellB.the president not to informC.the presidents not informingD.the president that he failed inform

3、ing5.The doctor assured Victor that his wife would certainly _ although she had been unconscious for 48 hours.（分数：1.00）A.take toB.come toC.see toD.stick to6.She was extremely lucky; when her great-uncle died, she _ a fortune.（分数：1.00）A.came byB.came overC.came intoD.came about7.The house by the sea

4、had a mysterious air of _ about it.（分数：1.00）A.melancholyB.serenityC.seriosoD.retroject8.The judge ruled that the evidence was inadmissible on the grounds that it was _ to the issue at hand.（分数：1.00）A.irrationalB.unreasonableC.invalidD.irrelevant9.There is only time to _ the plan and we will discuss

5、it in detail next week.（分数：1.00）A.decryB.eliminateC.expoundD.adumbrate10.The author took a _ approach to the topiC. He presented both sides of the issue evenhandedly and did not let his own feelings intrude.（分数：1.00）A.dispassionateB.passionateC.disputableD.contesting11.Although he suffered from disc

6、rimination, Martin Luther King is a man who believed in reconciliation and only rarely _ a grudge during his Civil Rights movement.（分数：1.00）A.he carriedB.did he carryC.when he carriedD.that he carried12.Even though formidable winters are the norm in the Dakotas, many people were unprepared for the _

7、 of the blizzard of 1888.（分数：1.00）A.inevitabilityB.ferocityC.probabilityD.mildness13.The path follows the river closely, occasionally _ round a clump of trees.（分数：1.00）A.divertingB.divergingC.deviatingD.deflecting14.What a sad sight, with all the shops _ and the people gone.（分数：1.00）A.shuttledB.shut

8、teredC.shuttlesD.shutters15.They climbed to the top of the hill _ they could get a birds-eye view of the city.（分数：1.00）A.for fear thatB.in order thatC.in caseD.as a result16.A static technocratic order, by contrast, requires a very different sort of personality: a drone who does what he is told and

9、shuns novelty, someone who avoids facing, or _ challenges.（分数：1.00）A.composingB.proposingC.imposingD.posing17.While this healthy lifestyle approach to health worked for some (the wealthy members of society), people experiencing poverty, unemployment or little control _ the conditions of their daily

10、lives benefited little from this approach.（分数：1.00）A.toB.intoC.onD.over18.A _ is a growth of feathers, fur or skin along the top of the heads of some animals, especially birds.（分数：1.00）A.crestB.crustC.crushD.crumb19.The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is _ an anonymous, statist

11、ically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience.（分数：1.00）A.everything exceptB.anything butC.no less thanD.nothing more than20.Walt Disneys board is stepping up plans to find a new ruler to save the Magic Kingdom and fight off a $54 billion hostile _ from Comcast, the US cable giant.（分数：1.00

12、）A.purchaseB.bidC.offerD.merger21.Excuses relieve tension by helping _ both sides that the mistake was an aberration that will not be repeated.（分数：1.00）A.insureB.ensureC.reassureD.assure22.The _ of smoking among women, formerly negligible, has grown to such a degree that lung cancer has become the c

13、hief causer of cancer-related deaths among women.（分数：1.00）A.affluenceB.ferociousnessC.impudenceD.incidence23.The couple departed _ a heavy rain.（分数：1.00）A.far awayB.betweenC.in the midst ofD.among24.They _ so tired if they _ for a whole day.（分数：1.00）A.wouldnt feel, didnt walkB.wouldnt feel, werent w

14、alkingC.wouldnt be feeling, werent walkingD.wouldnt be feeling, hadnt been walking25.Research into the validity of selection methods has consistently shown that the unstructured interview, _ the interviewer asks any questions he or she likes, is a poor predictor of future job performance.（分数：1.00）A.

15、whomeverB.whenC.wheneverD.where26.His story of rescuing ten drowning men totally by himself was _.（分数：1.00）A.wonderfulB.incredibleC.indignantD.immense27.If you _ your demand, then maybe you will have more chance of getting the job you want.（分数：1.00）A.lessenB.alleviateC.moderateD.degenerate28.Carbon

16、monoxide, funned by the incomplete combustion of some carbonaceous material, has been a _ to humans since the domestication of fire.（分数：1.00）A.hazardB.disputeC.docileD.boost29.Catherines mother was _ ill last summer, but fortunately, she was making a slow but steady recovery after an operation was d

17、one on her hung.（分数：1.00）A.definitelyB.definitivelyC.criticallyD.fatally30.The introduction of gunpowder gradually made the bow and arrow _, particularly in Western Europe.（分数：1.00）A.obsoleteB.obscureC.optionalD.overlapping二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Passage OneMen cannot manufacture blood a

18、s efficiently as women can. This makes surgery riskier for men. Men also need more oxygen because they do not breathe as often as women. But men breathe more deeply and this exposes them to another risk. When the air is polluted, they draw more of it into their lungs.A more recent and chilling findi

19、ng is the effect of automobile and truck exhaust fumes on childrens intelligence. These exhaust fumes are the greatest source of lead pollution in cities. Researchers have found thatthe children with the highest concentration of lead in their bodies have the lower scores on intelligence tests and th

20、at boys score lower than girls. It is possible that these low scores are connected to the deeper breathing that is typical of the male.Mens bones are larger than womens and they are arranged somewhat differently. The feminine walk that evokes so many whistles is a matter of bone structure. Men have

21、broader shoulders and a narrower pelvis, which enables them to stride out with no waste motion. A womans wider pelvis, designed for childbearing, forces her to put more movement into each step she takes with the result that she displays a bit of a jiggle and sway as she walks.If you think a man is b

22、rave because he climbs a ladder to clean out the roof gutters, dont forget that it is easier for him than for a woman. The angle at which a womans thigh is joined to her knees makes climbing awkward for her, no matter whether it is a ladder or stairs or a mountain that she is tackling.A mans skin is

23、 thicker than a womans and not nearly as soft. The thickness prevents the suns radiation from getting through, which is why men wrinkle less than women do.Women also stay cooler in summer. The fat layer helps insulate them against heat. Mens fat is distributed differently. And they do not have that

24、layer of it underneath their skin. In fact, they have considerably less fat than women and more lean mass. Forty-one percent of a mans body is muscle compared to thirty-five percent for women, which means men have more muscle power. When it comes to strength, almost 90 percent of a mans weight is st

25、rength compared to about 50 percent of womans weight.The higher proportion of muscle to fat makes it easier for men to lose weight. Muscle burns up five more calories a pound that fat does just to maintain itself. So when a man goes on a diet. the pounds roll off much faster.For all mens muscularity

26、 they do not have the energy reserves women do. They have more start-up energy, but the fat tucked away in womens nooks and crannies provides a rich energy reserve that men lack.Cardiologists at the University of Alabama who tested healthy women in treadmills discovered that over years the female ca

27、pacity for exercise far exceeds the male capacity. A woman of sixty who is in good health can exercise up to 90 percent of what she could do when she was twenty. A man of sixty has 60 percent left of his capacity as a twenty-year-old.（分数：10.00）(1).The main topic of this passage is about _.（分数：2.00）A

28、.the biological differences between men and womenB.the differences in social roles between men and womenC.the differences in living habits between men add womenD.the challenges men and women face from the point of view of biology(2).Men need more oxygen, _.（分数：2.00）A.and that makes them have more mu

29、scle powerB.because they do not manufacture blood as efficiently as womenC.and there is a risk to draw more polluted air into their lungsD.so their skin is thicker(3).Men are superior to women in the situation of _.（分数：2.00）A.resisting coldB.standing hungerC.remaining energetic in old ageD.climbing

30、high(4).From the passage, we can infer that _.（分数：2.00）A.boys are less intelligent than girls because they breathe in more leadB.it takes women a shorter time to get hungryC.men have more muscles than fatD.men sweat more than women in summer(5).It can be concluded from the passage that _.（分数：2.00）A.

31、women can stay active longer than menB.men like to take risks for biological causesC.women are more careful than menD.men have more strength than womenPassage TwoIt is not compatible with the egalitarian ideal that there should be sharp differences in the scale of monetary reward for services perfor

32、med. In New Zealand, care of the underdog has long since been a more important consideration than is the case in very many other countries. Successive governments may claim with some justice to have abolished poverty, but this has not been done without there taking place a narrowing of margins betwe

33、en the rewards for skilled and unskilled labor, with its consequent denialof incentive toacquire skill, to strive for self-improvement. The countrys citizens have come to regard social security as their inalienable right, but by taking too readily for granted the States obligation towards themselves

34、 they are apt to lose sight of the converse proposition that they themselves have obligations to the State.The reluctance to reward skilled labor at rates calculated to provide an incentive for acquiring skill has its counterpart in the reluctance to remunerate the nations best scholars and scientis

35、ts on a scale sufficient to keep a fair proportion of them at home.The fact is often deplored that so many young men of the highest ability prefer to take up a career overseas, but it is doubtful whether higher salaries would stem their exodus in more than a minor degree. Under any circumstances, re

36、gardless of monetary reward, the intellectual litewould be tempted to go abroad in search of a wider field of endeavor than can be found in so small acountry as New Zealand.In a society where great wealth is regarded as antisocial, it is natural that ostentation should be looked at askance. Marks of

37、 distinction are liable to be a handicap. For instance, the politician who accepts a title does not usually improve his chances of gaining or retaining office by doing so. Richard Seddon, it will be remembered, consistently and doubtless wisely, refused to accept a knighthood. Wealth carries with it

38、 a minimum of prestige; it is a positive disadvantage to the aspirant to a political career. Strongly marked individuality or eccentricity are seldom in evidence among New Zealanders, and even where they do exist, the qualities are tolerated rather than appreciated. The rule of conformity prevails,

39、and if the American writer, Sydney Greenbie, is to be believed, it has already produced a considerable measure of standardization among the inhabitants of the Dominion. “In face and feature, in mind and taste. “ writes Greenbie, “the modern New Zealanders are so much alike that it is hard to remembe

40、r the names of persons you meet casually for lack of distinguishing characteristics to which the eye can cling.“Under conditions such as those described above, it is not surprising that no privileged class should have come into existence through long possession of landed estate or other permanent so

41、urce of income. Nevertheless, the claim that New Zealanders have developed a classless society can scarcely be substantiated. Snobbery, when discouraged in one quarter, is prone to appear in some new form elsewhere. Recent investigations by A. A. Congalton and R. J. Havighurst show that there is a f

42、airly well defined and universal appreciation of the graduated social status attaching to various social occupations. Results of a survey in which a cross section of the public was asked to answer a series of apposite questions showed, for example, that doctors, lawyers, and big businessmen were gra

43、ded above heads of Government Departments, clergymen, and university professors; that office workers rated higher than shop assistants, miners than wharf laborers, and so on. Incidentally, the investigation also brought to light the fact that may attempt to inquire into the existence of social disti

44、nctions within the community invariably roused resentment.A privileged class being also a leisured class, its rejection is in keeping with a deep-seated belief that work has a virtue in its own right, without regard to its usefulness. In pioneer days, when hands were few and subsistence hard to win,

45、 it was indeed a crime to remain idle, and the habit of seeing idleness as a vice has endured. At the beginning of the great slump, when Forbes the Prime Minister, shocked at what he had seen of the “dole“ during a visit to England, declared that so long as he retained office there would be no payme

46、nt without work, his words appealed to a moral precept deeply inculcated not only in the minds of reactionaries but of many radicals as well.（分数：10.00）(1).One result of New Zealands effort to abolish poverty is _.（分数：2.00）A.sharp differences between the rich and the poorB.the egalitarian ideal becom

47、es incompatibleC.care of the underdog becomes more importantD.skill learning and self-improvement are not desired(2).Some high ability people prefer a career overseas because of _.（分数：2.00）A.fierce competition at homeB.higher social status overseasC.more opportunities abroadD.monetary reward at home

48、(3).Which of the following best describes the New Zealand society?.（分数：2.00）A.ostentationB.eccentricityC.individualityD.conformity(4).New Zealand is not a classless society in that _.（分数：2.00）A.snobbery is discouraged everywhere in New ZealandB.people with more wealth seem to enjoy a high social sta

49、tusC.the difference between the rich and the poor is greatD.New Zealanders dont have a permanent source of income(5).If people believe that work has a virtue in its own right, they will do all the following EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.see idleness as a viceB.try their best not to be idleC.not accept a privileged classD.inquire into social distinctionsPassage ThreeThe