【考研类试卷】MBA联考-英语(二)-21及答案解析.doc

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1、MBA 联考-英语(二)-21 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Obesity is an epidemic to some and an opportunity to others. More than two-thirds of Americans are overweight. Find a way to battle obesity, 1 a huge profit might be made. On February 22nd, 2013 one pharmaceutical firm, V

2、irus, took a small 2 towards this goal. A committee advising America“s Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommended Vivus“s diet drug, Qnexa. 3 , the pill“s long-awaited final approval may not come until April. The announcement mostly served as a reminder of a struggle which 4 fat into gold. Medic

3、al-device and pharmaceutical companies are quite 5 treating the problems that come with obesity. However, they can“t help consumers 6 weight. Allergan, a device-maker, has tried to use its gastric bands to enter the obesity market. The band is fitted near the top of patients“ stomach, which helps th

4、em feel full 7 during the meal. Allergan has captured about 70% of the worldwide market for gastric bands, but sales are now 8 . The recession has sapped consumers“ desire for expensive surgery. Some patients have 9 bands removed because they slipped or proved 10 . In January David Pyott, Allergan“s

5、 chief executive, said he would cancel an effort to market the band for teenagers. He is now trying to convince insurers of the gastric band“s 11 . Drug companies have had even more 12 than device-makers. It has been 13 years since the FDA approved a 13 diet pill. That drug, Roche“s Xenical, has 14

6、side-effects. The FDA rejected Vivus“s Qnexa in 2010 over 15 for the safety of pregnant women and the quickening of patients“ heart rates. However, Vivus“s new data in 2013 apparently satisfied the FDA“s advisory committee. But the agency may yet 16 the drug. 17 Qnexa is approved, it is unclear that

7、 patients will buy it. Qnexa 18 two medicines that are already on the market. Both medicines are generic, which means that doctors may 19 the existing drugs rather than Qnexa“s more expensive version. For now, it is more 20 to treat fat patients than to try to make them slim.（分数：10.00）A.soB.orC.thus

8、D.andA.chanceB.progressC.riskD.stepA.Above allB.After allC.HoweverD.ThereforeA.turnsB.modifiesC.altersD.convertsA.interested inB.good atC.soft onD.addicted toA.reduceB.loseC.decreaseD.cutA.laterB.beforeC.enoughD.earlierA.increasingB.risingC.constrainingD.shrinkingA.hadB.madeC.takenD.foundA.incompete

9、ntB.inefficientC.insufficientD.ineffectiveA.targetsB.accessesC.meritsD.usageA.opportunitiesB.troublesC.advantagesD.conditionsA.prescriptionB.descriptionC.transcriptionD.ascriptionA.famousB.notedC.well-knownD.notoriousA.affairsB.concernsC.mattersD.worriesA.repelB.remarkC.rejectD.requireA.Even ifB.As

10、long asC.If onlyD.So long asA.violatesB.separatesC.combinesD.imitatesA.recommendB.prescribeC.advocateD.suggestA.importantB.quickC.profitableD.helpful二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)“THE SERVANT“ (1963) is one of those films that it is impossible to f

11、orget. The servant exploits his master“s weaknesses until he turns the tables: the story ends with the a cringing master ministering to a lordly servant. It is hard to watch it today without thinking of another awkward relationshipthe one between businessfolk and their smartphones. Smart devices are

12、 sometimes empowering. They put a world of information at our fingertips. But for most people the servant has become the master. Not long ago only doctors were on call all the time. Now everybody is. Bosses think nothing of invading their employees“ free time. Work invades the home far more than dom

13、estic chores invade the office. Hyperconnectivity exaggerates the decline of certainty and the general cult of flexibility. Smartphones make it easier for managers to change their minds at the last moment. Employees find it ever harder to distinguish between “on-time“ and “off-time“and indeed betwee

14、n real work and make-work. None of this is good for businesspeople“s marriages or mental health. It may be bad for business, too. When bosses change their minds at the last minute, it is hard to plan for the future. How can we reap the benefits of connectivity without becoming its slaves? One soluti

15、on is digital dieting. Banning browsing before breakfast can reintroduce a small amount of civilization. Banning texting at weekends or, say, on Thursdays, can really show the iPhone who is boss. The problem with this approach is that it works only if you live on a desert island or at the bottom of

16、a lake. Leslie Perlow of Harvard Business School argues that for most people the only way to break the 24/7 habit is to act collectively rather than individually. One of the world“s most hard-working organisations, the Boston Consulting Group, introduced rules about when people were expected to be o

17、ffline, and encouraged them to work together to make this possible. Eventually it forced people to work more productively while reducing burnout. Ms Perlow“s advice should be taken seriously. The problem of hyperconnectivity will only get worse, as smartphones become smarter and young digital native

18、s take over the workforce. But ultimately it is up to companies to outsmart the smartphones by insisting that everyone turn them off from time to time.（分数：10.00）(1).The author mentions the film in the first paragraph in order to _.（分数：2.00）A.introduce the film to peopleB.introduce the topicC.review

19、it because it is unforgettableD.remind people of another similar relationship(2).Smart devices have become the master mainly because _.（分数：2.00）A.everybody is on call all the timeB.bosses invade their employees“ free timeC.managers easily change their minds at the last momentD.employees find it hard

20、er to distinguish between real work and make-work(3).Digital dieting refers to all of the following EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.banning browsing before breakfastB.banning browsing after dinnerC.banning texting at weekendsD.banning texting at weekdays(4).The example of Boston Consulting Group is used to illu

21、strate that _.（分数：2.00）A.its employees work hardB.to break the 24/7 habit needs to act collectivelyC.people work more productively if their burnout is reducedD.making a rule helps employees work productively(5).Judging from the text, how to solve the problem of hyperconnectivity?（分数：2.00）A.Digital d

22、ietingB.Banning using smartphonesC.Living aloneD.Making it a rule to turn off smartphones sometimes五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Bill Gates was 20 years old. Steve Jobs was 21. Warren Buffett was 26. Ralph Lauren was 28. Este Lauder was 29. These now iconic names were all 20-somethings when they started t

23、heir companies that would throw them, and their enterprises, into some of the biggest successes ever known. Consider this: many of the truly remarkable innovations of the latest generationa list that includes Google, Face- book and Twitterwere all founded by people under 30. The number of people in

24、their mid-20s disrupting entire industries, taking on jobs usually reserved for people twice their age and doing it in the glare of millions of social media “followers“ seems to be growing very rapidly. So what is it about that youthful decade after those awkward teenage years that inspires such sho

25、ot-for-the-moon success? Does age really have something to do with it? It does . Young people bring fresh eyes to confronting problems and challenges that others have given up on. 20-something entrepreneurs see no boundaries and see no limits. And they can make change happen. Peter Thiel, the co-fou

26、nder of PayPal, has another, colder theory that may explain it: Ultimately, it“s about money. In other words, it“s the young people who have nothing to lose, with no mortgage and, frankly, with nothing to do on a Friday night except work, who are the ones often willing to take the biggest risks. Sur

27、e, they are talented. But it“s their persistence and zeal, the desire to stay up until 6 a.m. chugging Red Bull, that is the difference between being a salaried employee and an entrepreneur. That“s not to say that most 20-somethings are finding success. They“re not. The latest crop of fiber-successf

28、ul young entrepreneurs, designers and authors are far, far from the norm. In truth, unemployment for workers age 16 to 24 is double the national average. One of the biggest challenges facing this next generationand one that may prevent more visionary entrepreneurs from succeedingis the staggering ri

29、se in the level of debt college students have been left with. If Peter Thiel“s theory is right, it is going to be harder and harder for young people to take big risks because they will be crushed with obligations before they even begin. If you“re over 29 years old and still haven“t made your world-c

30、hanging mark, don“t despair. Some older people have had big breakthroughs, too. Thomas Edison didn“t invent the phonograph until he was 30.（分数：10.00）(1).The first paragraph is used to show _.（分数：2.00）A.various famous menB.the age of foundersC.the success of enterprisesD.the success of 20-somethings(

31、2).Which of the following statements cannot explain the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?（分数：2.00）A.20-something entrepreneurs can drive changeB.20-something entrepreneurs have new perspectivesC.20-something entrepreneurs do not need to worry about moneyD.20-something entrepreneurs believe there i

32、s no obstacle that they can“t hurdle(3).All of the following are differences between being salaried employees and entrepreneurs EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.their zealB.their talentC.their persistenceD.their desire to stay up(4).The biggest challenge that may stop more visionary entrepreneurs from succeeding

33、 is that _.（分数：2.00）A.they are confronted with increasing obligationsB.their debts run up alarmingly and very unsteadilyC.they have more mortgage than other college studentsD.they have far less wealth than their parents did at the same age(5).With regard to 20-somethings“ success, we can learn from

34、the text that _.（分数：2.00）A.they succeed because of having moneyB.older people can hardly make breakthroughsC.it is uncommon among most young peopleD.it is common in the field of information science and technology六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Many are aware of the tremendous waste of energy in our environm

35、ent, but fail to take advantage of straightforward opportunities to conserve that energy. For example, everyone knows that lights should be switched off when no one is in an office. Similarly, when employees are not using a meeting room, there is no need to regulate temperature. Fortunately, one nee

36、d not rely on human intervention to conserve energy. With the help of smart sensing and network technology, energy conservation processes such as turning off lights and adjusting temperature can be readily automated. Ultimately, this technology will enable consumers and plant managers to better iden

37、tify wasteful energy use and institute procedures that lead to smarter and more efficient homes, buildings and industrial plants. Until now, wires and cables for power and connectivity have limited the widespread adoption of sensor networks by making them difficult and expensive to install and maint

38、ain. Battery-powered wireless networks can simplify installation and reduce cost. But their high power consumption and the corresponding need for regular battery replacement has made wireless networks difficult and costly to maintain. Nobody wants to replace hundreds or thousands of window sensor ba

39、tteries in a large building on a regular basis. The promise of wireless sensor networks can only be fully realized when the wiring for both the data communication and the power supply is eliminated. Doing so requires a true battery-free wireless solution, one that can utilize energy harvested direct

40、ly from the environments. To facilitate the widespread deployment of wireless sensor networks, Greenpeak has developed an ultra-low-power communication technology that can utilize environmental energy sources such as light, motion and vibration. This technology, employing on-board power management c

41、ircuits and computer software to monitor energy harvesters and make the best use of harvested energy, enables sensors to operate reliably in a battery-free environment. Wireless sensor networks deployed in our offices and homes will have an enormous impact on our daily lives, helping to build a smar

42、ter world in which energy is recycled and fully utilized. These wireless platforms, equipped with advanced sensing capability, will enable us to better control our lives, homes and environment, creating a truly connected world that enables people worldwide to live in a more comfortable, safer, and c

43、leaner environment.（分数：10.00）(1).By “human intervention“ (Para. 2), the author refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.the reduction of great energy waste in the environmentB.the grasping of straightforward opportunities availableC.acts like turning off lights when no one is in the roomD.the adoption of smart sensin

44、g and network technology(2).Batteries are not an ideal energy source for sensor networks because they _.（分数：2.00）A.have to be replaced from time to timeB.contain metals that pollute the environmentC.require automatic rechargingD.are difficult and costly to maintain(3).Battery-free wireless sensor ne

45、tworks are made possible by the fact that _.（分数：2.00）A.there is energy in the environment to be utilizedB.the cost of using them has been drastically reducedC.modern data communication consumes little energyD.their maintenance has been greatly simplified(4).According to the passage, Greenpeak _.（分数：

46、2.00）A.is the first company to install wireless sensor networksB.promotes the application of wireless sensor networksC.supplies batteries operating on harvested energyD.benefits handsomely from communication technology(5).Wireless sensor networks promise to _.（分数：2.00）A.bring businesses high profits

47、B.further develop the sensing technologyC.turn motion into a major source of energyD.improve the daily lives of people worldwide七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Next month Britons will have yet more smartphones to choose from, when devices from Wiko, a two-year-old French company, go on sale. Wiko hopes that

48、 its phones, which in France start at around 70 Euros, will be as popular across Britain as at home. In 2013 nearly 7% of French first-time smartphone-buyers chose a Wiko. In early 2014 the firm claims to have been the second-biggest vendor in France. Wiko is not alone. In both rich countries and po

49、or ones, cheaper smartphone brands are making inroads . Demand for costly phones, mainly in developed economies, is slowing, but that for less expensive devices is booming. People who will buy their first smartphones today perhaps care less about the brand and more about price than the richer, keener types of a few years ago. They are likely to pay less for a nice new smartphone than they did for their shabby old phone, because the cost of making smartphones has decreased. The declining cost of making phones means that