【考研类试卷】GCT工程硕士（英语）-试卷14及答案解析.doc

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1、GCT 工程硕士（英语）-试卷 14 及答案解析(总分：134.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：11，分数：22.00)1.Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your

2、 answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：2.00）_2.It is the business of the police to prevent and detect crime and of the law courts to punish _.（分数：2.00）A.crimeB.sinC.offenceD.fault3.The _ care of the body requires an understanding of its needs, allowing for variations r

3、esulting from climate, age or occupation.（分数：2.00）A.properB.tenderC.warmD.mild4.Could you _ reasons and examples for your answer?（分数：2.00）A.qualifyB.quantifyC.specifyD.satisfy5.Mr. Wright was the _ president of Ace Construction Company.（分数：2.00）A.previousB.beforeC.latterD.former6.Even a child would

4、not be _ by such an obvious lie.（分数：2.00）A.cut offB.made upC.pulled downD.taken in7.With regarding to this model of color TV sets, the home-made ones are by no means those made in Japan.（分数：2.00）A.less inferior toB.less inferior thanC.inferior thanD.inferior to8._ from the hilltop, the lake scenery

5、is beyond description.（分数：2.00）A.To seeB.SeeingC.Having seenD.Seen9.This book _ me twenty dollars.（分数：2.00）A.is costB.was costC.costD.have been cost10._ for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now.（分数：2.00）A.Had it not beenB.Weren“t itC.It were notD.Had not it been11.Don“t put o

6、ff till tomorrow _ you can do today.（分数：2.00）A.thatB.whatC.whenD.whether二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：50.00)12.Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A,

7、 B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：10.00）_In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must physiologically be capable of producing and experiencing particu

8、lar emotions before these emotions can be modified through learning. Psychologists have found that there are two basic processes by which learning takes place. One kind of learning is called “classical conditioning“. This occurs when one event or stimulus is continuously followed by a reward or puni

9、shment. It is through classical conditioning that a child learns to associate his mother“s face and voice with happiness and love, for he learns that this person provides food and comfort. Negative emotions are learned in a similar fashion. The second kind of learning is called “operant“(动作的) condit

10、ioning. This occurs when an individual learns to do things that produce rewards in his environment and learns not to do things that produce punishments. For example, if a mother always attends to her baby when he cries and cuddles him until he is quiet, she may teach him that if he cries he will get

11、 attention from mother. Thus, the baby will learn to increase his crying in order to have his mother more.（分数：10.00）(1).The main purpose of this passage is to _.（分数：2.00）A.teach children how to learn to produce and experience certain emotionsB.give the common reader a general description of two basi

12、c kinds of learningC.give parents some advice on how to modify their children“s emotions through learningD.discuss with psychologists how positive and negative feelings are produced(2).If a child is bitten or startled several times by a dog, he may learn to associate furry(有毛皮的) animals with pain or

13、 startle and thus develop a fear of furry animals. This is a typical example of learning through _.（分数：2.00）A.classical conditioningB.operant conditioningC.both A and BD.neither A nor B(3).If your jokes often find a ready echo in a person, you will learn through _ that telling jokes to this person i

14、s fun, and you will try with greater efforts to be humorous in his presence.（分数：2.00）A.classical conditioningB.operant conditioningC.neither A nor BD.some other sorts of conditioning(4).The word “cuddle“ in Para. 2 most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.persuadeB.hold close and lovelyC.threatenD.shout at(

15、5).How can a mother help the baby to cry less?（分数：2.00）A.Cuddle the baby until he is quiet.B.Leave the baby alone.C.Do not always attend to the baby.D.Teach the baby not to cry.Regular child care provided outside home or by someone other than the mother does not in itself undermine healthy emotional

16、 connections between mothers and their 15-month-old infants, according to a long-term national study. The finding holds even if care begins during the first 3 months after birth and runs for 30 hours or more per week. Among infants who receive unkind and unresponsive care from their mothers, however

17、, the mother-child relationship may be damaged. “This research helps us put apart complexities regarding child care that have not previously been studied in detail“, contends Jay Belsky, a psychologist. The investigation consists of 1,153 children and their families living in or near Boston. The you

18、ngsters, no more than 1 month old when they entered the study in 1991, will be tracked until the age of 7. Experimenters administered questionnaires to mothers in their homes and videotaped baby caretakers interacting with the kids at ages 1, 6, and 15 months. Independent observers rated the quality

19、 of each child care efforts and noted infant nervousness. Unlike most previous studies, this one allows researchers to observe each caretaker“s personality at child nursing, and kids“ emotional reaction by the equipment.（分数：10.00）(1).From the first paragraph we know that _.（分数：2.00）A.mother care is

20、the best according to a national studyB.child care outside home is the best in accordance with the studyC.regular child care outside home may play a role as a motherD.connections between mothers and infants are damaged by outside care(2).According to the passage, unresponsive care from a mother may

21、_.（分数：2.00）A.ruin a kid“s growthB.harm the mother-child tieC.injure a baby“s emotional reactionD.spoil a child“s personality(3).Jay Belsky implies that the study of child care _.（分数：2.00）A.was never carried out in the pastB.was not much done in detail in the pastC.was greatly ignored by psychologist

22、s and researchersD.was interesting, but very difficult to make discovery(4).The main difference between the investigation and the previous ones is that _.（分数：2.00）A.the researchers started with only one month old infantsB.the observers could rate the quality of child care efforts and analyzed them s

23、oonC.the researchers were able to give the questionnaires to mothers in their homesD.video equipment enabled researchers to observe what was happening directly(5).Which of the following is not TRUE of the investigation?（分数：2.00）A.It will last at least 7 years.B.Cooperation from the mothers is also n

24、ecessary.C.Some independent observers play a part.D.Researchers paid site visits to see a caretaker“s personality and kids“ emotional reaction.Successful innovations have driven many older technologies to extinction and have resulted in higher productivity, greater consumption of energy, increased d

25、emand for raw materials, accelerated flow of materials through the economy and increased quantities of metals and other substances in use per person. The history of industrial development is full of examples. In 1870, horses and mules were the prime source of power on U.S. farms. One horse or mule w

26、as required to support four human beingsa ratio that remained almost constant for many decades. At that time, had a national commission been asked to forecast the horse and mule population for 1970, its answer probably would have depended on whether its consultants were of an economic turn of mind.

27、Had they been “economists“, they would have recognized that the power of steam had already been harnessed to industry and to land and ocean transport. They would have recognized further that would be only a matter of time before steam would be the prime source of power on the farm. It would have bee

28、n difficult for them to avoid the conclusion that the horse and mule population would decline rapidly.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a consequence of new technological developments?（分数：2.00）A.Older technologies die away.B.The quality of life is improved.C.Over

29、all productivity increases.D.More raw materials become necessary.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that by 1870 _.（分数：2.00）A.the steam engine had been inventedB.a national commission on agriculture had been establishedC.the U.S. horse population was about 10 millionD.technology began to be mor

30、e economical(3).Which of the following statements would the author of the passage be most likely to agree?（分数：2.00）A.Technological development influences society“s future.B.Technological innovations are almost always successful.C.Technicians are more useful to society than economists.D.The economy i

31、s independent of technological transformation.(4).In the second paragraph, the author suggests that “economists“ would _.（分数：2.00）A.consult the national commission on the economyB.plan the economy through yearly forecastsC.consider the influence of technological innovation importantD.value the econo

32、mic contribution of farm animals(5).What is the author“s attitude toward changes brought on by technological innovation?（分数：2.00）A.He is excited about them.B.He is disturbed by them.C.He questions their usefulness.D.He accepts them as natural.（分数：10.00）(1).The information in the form may come from _

33、. （分数：2.00）A.an advertisement in a formal newspaperB.a college notice boardC.a leaflet from a travel agencyD.a notice in the window of an estate agent(2).The single room offered in section A would be suitable for a student _.（分数：2.00）A.fond of keeping petsB.doing intensive studyC.anxious to make new

34、 friendsD.wanting self-contained accommodation(3).A student accepting the offer in B _.（分数：2.00）A.had better have some experience of child careB.would have no free time at allC.must be a member of this large familyD.would be able to live everyday cheaply(4).For two students ad D would be more econom

35、ical than ad C because _.（分数：2.00）A.they would share a roomB.the basic expenses are cheaperC.there are no extras except for foodD.there is free use of the garden(5).The flat offered in ad D _.（分数：2.00）A.is expensively furnishedB.is on the first floorC.can only accommodate four peopleD.is only availa

36、ble for a short period三、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：40.00)13.Part III ClozeDirections: There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：20.00）

37、_Is there something as truth? For a good many centuries “the search for truth“ has been【B1】the noblest activity of the human mind, but the seekers after truth have come to such【B2】conclusions that it often seems that very little progress has been made.【B3】, there are many people who reel that we are

38、 actually going backward. They【B4】, often contemptuously, that we have accumulated more “knowledge“ than our ancestors, but they think we are farther from the truth than ever, or even that we have【B5】the truth that we once possessed. If people look for anything long enough without finding it, the qu

39、estion naturally arises【B6】the thing is really there to find. You have seen a picture of an animal with a lion“s head, a goat“s body, and a serpent“s tailand maybe an eagle“s wings for good【B7】There is plenty of evidence that each part of this animal【B8】but there is no【B9】evidence that the parts eve

40、r occur in this combination. It is at least conceivable that the seekers after “truth“ have made a similar mistake and invented an【B10】combination.（分数：20.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.regardedB.consideredC.ponderedD.referred(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.illegalB.identicalC.differentD.profound(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.However

41、B.NeverthelessC.In factD.In contrast(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.confessB.realizeC.admitD.reveal(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.foundB.missedC.lostD.enriched(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.whileB.thatC.whenD.whether(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.measureB.luckC.reasonD.sense(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.enduresB.existsC.prevailsD.emerges(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.ap

42、propriateB.uniqueC.reliableD.dependent(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.unbelievableB.imaginaryC.imitableD.idealized四、Dialogue Completion(总题数：11，分数：22.00)14.Part IV Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this part, there are ten short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A,

43、B, C, and D. Choose the one that most appropriately suits the conversational context and best completes the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：2.00）_15.Shop assistant: Good morning. Can I help you? Customer: _. I“m just looking round.（分数：2.00）A.N

44、o, you can“tB.Not at the moment, thanksC.Yes, pleaseD.Yes, thank you16.Ann: Do you still have a headache, Bill? Bill: Yes, I do. And now I have a fever and cough constantly. Ann: _.（分数：2.00）A.That“s very regretfulB.That“s pitifulC.That“s too badD.That“s worse17.Marie: Your little boy has done a good

45、 job at school. Eva: _.（分数：2.00）A.Yes, you are very kindB.No, you“re too politeC.Thanks, but you“re exaggeratingD.Yes, I“m proud of him18.Nancy: Hello, Ted. What“s wrong with your arm? Ted: I broke it when I was skating on the holiday. Nancy: Oh, no! _.Ted: Much better, thanks.（分数：2.00）A.What a nuis

46、ance!B.How awful!C.Why was that?D.What a trouble!19.Paul: Do you have to have that TV on quite so loud? Carol: _. Is it bothering you? Paul: Yes, I“m trying to sleep.（分数：2.00）A.Oh, I“m sorryB.Oh, excuse meC.No, I don“tD.Yes, I have to20.Samuel: Hey, _.Diana: I wish I could. But I really have to stay

47、 in and finish my paper tonight. Samuel: Oh, maybe some other time, then.（分数：2.00）A.can I come to visit you tonightB.shall we have a barbecue some day this weekC.would you like to go to cinema with me tonightD.John will leave Chicago tonight. Shall we go to see him off21.Rebecca: _.Dora: Really? Wel

48、l, personally, I think he wears the wrong colors. Actually light colors don“t really suit him.（分数：2.00）A.I don“t think Bob has chosen the right suit.B.I love the way Bob dresses. He always looks so smart.C.How funny Bob looks in that jacket!D.Bob“s new coat looks very expensive.22.Emily: Did anybody sign your petition? Gordon: Yes, we had a hundred signatures, _.（分数：2.00）A.if no