【考研类试卷】2016年国际关系学院英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析.doc

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1、2016 年国际关系学院英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.demographics（分数：2.00）_3.play the field（分数：2.00）_4.endowment insurance（分数：2.00）_5.Good Samaritan Law（分数：2.00）_6.probity and self-discipline（分数：2.00）_7.tenacious determination（分数：2.00）_8.nepotism（分数：2.00）_9.low profile（分数：2

2、.00）_10.marathon-viewing（分数：2.00）_11.co-starring（分数：2.00）_12.OECD（分数：2.00）_13.CATTI（分数：2.00）_14.TPP（分数：2.00）_15.IAAF（分数：2.00）_16.AIIB（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.全面二孩政策（分数：2.00）_19.大病医疗（分数：2.00）_20.四个全面战略布局（分数：2.00）_21.万众一心（分数：2.00）_22.一带一路倡议（分数：2.00）_23.门当户对（分数：2.00）_24.量体裁衣（分数：2.00）_拼爹_26.空巢老人（分数：2.00）_任性_

3、28.徇私舞弊（分数：2.00）_至亲_30.自主知识产权（分数：2.00）_噱头_32.山体滑坡（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.Beijing is taking aim at the “sharing economy“ in China, publishing draft regulations that would impose taxi-like restrictions on private cart-hailing services and could raise costs for internet booking leaders

4、 Uber and Didi Kuaidi. The regulations, open for public comment for a month, would require internet-based car-booking operators to obtain licenses, set up local offices and maintain China-based servers, Chinas Ministry of Transportation said in a draft posed on its Website late on Friday. The releas

5、e comes two days after Shanghai awarded the first municipal internet car-hailing license in China to Didi, an important step towards regulating an industry that has been controversial in cities around the world. Municipalities from Amsterdam to New Delhi have struggled to control the proliferation o

6、f car-hailing apps, ensure passenger safety and deal with the impact of such services on the traditional taxi industry. Uber and Didi, the mainland market leader, have long operated in a grey area of Chinese law, with most municipalities ruling private taxis technically illegal. That ban has not bee

7、n rigorously or consistently enforced, however. Beijing plans by the end of the year to announce national rules that could either formally legalise the growing car-hailing industry or strangle it. People in the industry point out that even if the draft regulations are adopted, there still would be a

8、mple room for municipal regulators to issue detailed local policies that could affect their implementation. Some of the rules are as strict as those on the heavily regulated traditional taxi industry, and thus could prove costly if rigorously enforced nationwide, they said.（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.中国经济发展

9、长期向好的基本面没有变，经济韧性好、潜力足、回旋余地大的基本特征没有变，经济持续增长的良好支撑基础和条件没有变，经济结构调整优化的前进态势没有变。同时，中国经济仍然面临复杂的内外环境和较大的下行压力，正经历着改革阵痛，机遇前所未有，挑战也前所未有。 中共十八届五中全会通过了中国“十三五”规划建议，提出了创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，并就“十三五”时期中国经济社会发展提出了一系列重大改革举措。“十三五”时期是全面建成小康社会的决胜阶段。（分数：2.00）_2016 年国际关系学院英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60

10、.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.demographics（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：人口统计学)解析：3.play the field（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：不专一)解析：4.endowment insurance（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：养老保险)解析：5.Good Samaritan Law（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：好撒马利亚人法；见义勇为法)解析：6.probity and self-discipline（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：廉洁自律)解析：7.tenacious determination（分数：2.00

11、）_正确答案：(正确答案：壮士断腕的决心)解析：8.nepotism（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：裙带关系)解析：9.low profile（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：低调；低姿态)解析：10.marathon-viewing（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：刷剧)解析：11.co-starring（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：联袂主演)解析：12.OECD（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：经济合作与发展组织(Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development)解析：13.CATTI

12、（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：全国翻译专业资格水平考试)解析：14.TPP（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：跨太平洋伙伴关系(Trans-Pacific Partnership)解析：15.IAAF（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际田径联合会(International Association of Athletics Federations)解析：16.AIIB（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：亚洲基础设施投资银行(Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.全面二孩政策（分数：2.00）_

13、正确答案：(正确答案：the universal twochild policy)解析：19.大病医疗（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：critical illness medical care)解析：20.四个全面战略布局（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy)解析：21.万众一心（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：unite as one)解析：22.一带一路倡议（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the Belt and Road Initiative)解析：23.门当户对（分数：2.00）_正

14、确答案：(正确答案：be matched for marriage)解析：24.量体裁衣（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：act according to actual circumstances)解析：拼爹_正确答案：(正确答案：competition of family background)解析：26.空巢老人（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：empty-nester)解析：任性_正确答案：(正确答案：capriciousheadstrong)解析：28.徇私舞弊（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：play favoritism and commit irregul

15、arities)解析：至亲_正确答案：(正确答案：close kin)解析：30.自主知识产权（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：independent intellectual property rights)解析：噱头_正确答案：(正确答案：gimmick)解析：32.山体滑坡（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：landslide)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.Beijing is taking aim at the “sharing economy“ in China, publishing draft regulations th

16、at would impose taxi-like restrictions on private cart-hailing services and could raise costs for internet booking leaders Uber and Didi Kuaidi. The regulations, open for public comment for a month, would require internet-based car-booking operators to obtain licenses, set up local offices and maint

17、ain China-based servers, Chinas Ministry of Transportation said in a draft posed on its Website late on Friday. The release comes two days after Shanghai awarded the first municipal internet car-hailing license in China to Didi, an important step towards regulating an industry that has been controve

18、rsial in cities around the world. Municipalities from Amsterdam to New Delhi have struggled to control the proliferation of car-hailing apps, ensure passenger safety and deal with the impact of such services on the traditional taxi industry. Uber and Didi, the mainland market leader, have long opera

19、ted in a grey area of Chinese law, with most municipalities ruling private taxis technically illegal. That ban has not been rigorously or consistently enforced, however. Beijing plans by the end of the year to announce national rules that could either formally legalise the growing car-hailing indust

20、ry or strangle it. People in the industry point out that even if the draft regulations are adopted, there still would be ample room for municipal regulators to issue detailed local policies that could affect their implementation. Some of the rules are as strict as those on the heavily regulated trad

21、itional taxi industry, and thus could prove costly if rigorously enforced nationwide, they said.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 北京把目光投向中国的“共享经济”，发布法规草案，拟对私人叫车服务实行类似于出租车的限制，此举可能推高互联网打车应用领先者优步和滴滴快车的成本。 中国交通运输部上周五晚在官网公布征求意见稿，并向社会征求意见，为期一个月。这些法规将要求网约出租汽车运营商获得牌照、设立当地办事处，并将服务器设置在中国内地。 上述草案出炉两天前，上海向滴滴快车颁发了中国首份网约车平台经

22、营牌照，向监管在世界各地许多城市引发争议的打车应用行业迈出重要一步。从阿姆斯特丹到新德里，市政当局竭力控制打车应用的兴起，以确保乘客安全，并应对此类服务对传统出租车行业的影响。 中国内地市场的领先者优步和滴滴快车一直在中国法律的灰色地带运营，中国多数地方政府裁定私人叫车服务从严格意义上来说是违法的。不过，这项禁令并没有得到认真或统一的执行。北京计划最迟在今年年底宣布全国性规则，这些规则可能正式给予不断发展的打车应用行业合法地位，也可能封杀这个行业。 业内人士指出，即使该草案正式生效，各地市政监管机构仍将有足够空间出台当地政策细则，影响这些法规的执行。他们表示，其中一些规则的严格程度类似于针对受

23、到严格监管的传统出租车行业的规则。因此，如果在全国各地得到严格执行，可能带来高昂成本。)解析：解析： 本文选自英国金融时报(Financial Times)的作者帕提.沃德米尔(Patti Waldmeir)的一篇报道，讨论了中国立法管制“网约车”服务一事。2016 年可以说是“网约车”在中国飞速发展的黄金时期，由其引起的各种问题也日益受到公民及政府的关注，因此关于立法管制“网约车”也成为当时的一个热门话题，考生在平时的复习中要着眼于当年发生的一些热门事件，查阅中英文相关报道，提高对命题热点的敏感度。35.汉译英_解析：36.中国经济发展长期向好的基本面没有变，经济韧性好、潜力足、回旋余地大的

24、基本特征没有变，经济持续增长的良好支撑基础和条件没有变，经济结构调整优化的前进态势没有变。同时，中国经济仍然面临复杂的内外环境和较大的下行压力，正经历着改革阵痛，机遇前所未有，挑战也前所未有。 中共十八届五中全会通过了中国“十三五”规划建议，提出了创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，并就“十三五”时期中国经济社会发展提出了一系列重大改革举措。“十三五”时期是全面建成小康社会的决胜阶段。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： In general, Chinas positive economic fundamentals and long-term trajectory remain

25、unchanged. What also remain unchanged are the basic facts that Chinas economy possesses strong resilience, great potential and ample room for maneuver; the strong support and conditions favorable for continued growth; and the forward movement of the countrys economic restructuring and upgrading. On

26、the other hand, Chinas economy is still grappling with a complicated internal and external environment, considerable downward pressure and the throes of deep reforms. The opportunities are unprecedented, but so are the challenges. The fifth plenum of the 18th CPC Central Committee adopted the propos

27、al for the 13th five-year plan on economic and social development, putting forth the concept of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, and proposing a series of major reforms in next five years which is the final stage of our quest for a society of initial prosperity in all respects.)解析：解析： 2015 年，亚太经合组织工商领导人峰会在菲律宾马尼拉举行。国家主席习近平应邀出席并发表题为发挥亚太引领作用，应对世界经济挑战的主题演讲，本文选自这篇演讲，主要介绍了中国经济四个“没有变”和“十三五”规划，翻译时要注意中文的一些特色用词，用最简洁精准的词句表达，并掌握词性转换这一翻译方法。