【考研类试卷】2003年医学博士外语真题试卷及答案解析.doc

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1、2003年医学博士外语真题试卷及答案解析(总分：206.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.Section A（分数：10.00）_A.A shop assistant.B.A physician.C.A pediatrician.D.An ophthalmologist.A.To make a call to the hospital.B.To go to the man“ s house immediately.C.To expect the doctor“ s call.D.To take a message.A.There“ s only one point he doesn“ t und

2、erstand.B.He refuses to take any help.C.These questions won“t be on the exam.D.He would like some help.A.Dr. Smith isn“t a good choice.B.She“ s never been treated by Dr. Smith.C.She“ s been sitting in the waiting room for too long.D.She“ d like to recommend a magazine to the man.A.The man has seen t

3、he fungi for three times.B.The man is not careful enough.C.The man has been watching it for three days.D.The man is the woman“ s teacher.A.He was fired.B.He was blamed for bad service.C.He was promoted.D.He was warned not to be late again.A.People enjoy shopping in the drug store.B.People spend litt

4、le time in the drug store.C.People who spent shorter time in the store are more likely to buy something there.D.People spend too much time reading articles about quick cures sold there.A.His computer doesn“ t work.B.He doesn“t understand his stuff working on computer.C.He registered for the wrong co

5、urse.D.He doesn“ t know how to apply the computer theories.A.It is easy to take care of her three teenager boys.B.Nancy“ s life is easy compared with the woman“ s.C.Nancy lives a more difficult life.D.Nancy would like to take care of her three boys.A.New York.B.San Francisco.C.Seattle.D.San Diego.A.

6、Sunny bought a new computer.B.Sunny got a bargain.C.Mike bought a new computer.D.Mike got a bargain.A.The patient is ringing a bell.B.Her name sounds beautiful.C.Nancy Johnson is ringing the bell now.D.Her name sounds familiar.A.The woman doesn“t like orange juice.B.The woman forgot to buy orange ju

7、ice.C.The man was in a car crash this morning.D.The man broke the container of juice.A.John is a plumber.B.John was too busy to come.C.John was not at home when the woman called.D.The woman dialed the wrong number.A.His luck hasn“t been good.B.He is a lucky man.C.He decided not to do the lottery aga

8、in.D.He doesn“t care about money.2.Section B（分数：10.00）_A.Bridge-building experts.B.Washington Roebling.C.John Roebling.D.The Roeblings.A.Only the Roeblings had confidence in it.B.It came up against financial problems.C.Experts showed great interest.D.It took John Roeblings 13 years to complete the p

9、roject.A.He was killed at the building site.B.He was injured in a traffic accident.C.He was seriously eyesight-damaged.D.He was seriously brain-damaged.A.His language.B.His limbs.C.His brain.D.His mind.A.Because the project was spectacular.B.Because the project seemed impossible.C.Because the buildi

10、ng instructions were given with one finger.D.All of the above.A.The American population increased by 40 percent.B.So many school children died of polio in the nation.C.A polio plague swept the nation.D.A polio vaccine was developed.A.A vaccine for polio.B.A rare form of cancer.C.A disease similar to

11、 AIDS.D.A virus from monkeys.A.They were at risk of getting cancer.B.they became victims of poliomyelitis.C.They were involved in a medical investigation.D.They were injected with tainted vaccines.A.30 percent.B.40 percent.C.50 percent.D.60 percent.A.All the injections given 40 years ago were contam

12、inated.B.The contaminated vaccines may cause cancer in humans.C.Vaccines are responsible for brain tumors.D.Brain tumors had increased by 40% .A.1969.B.1977.C.1997.D.2000A.To help answer parents“ questions about children“ s growth.B.To separate fat babies from normal ones.C.To revise the familiar ch

13、ildren“s growth chart.D.To identify whether a person is overweight.A.It can differentiate between fat babies and thin.B.It can identify a child“ s possibility of growing fat from babyhood.C.It can give parents some advice on children“ s diet.D.It can remind parents of something they neglected in the

14、ir childhood.A.When his BMI is at 23rd percentile or above.B.When his BMI is at 75th percentile or above.C.When his BMI is at 95th percentile or above.D.When his BMI is at 97th percentile or above.A.Setting a good example for their children.B.Disciplining their children.C.Reflecting the nature of mo

15、dern-day life.D.Changing their children“ s health behavior.3.Section A（分数：2.00）_4.Sometimes you can get quite_when you are trying to communicate with someone in English.（分数：2.00）A.frustratedB.depressedC.approvedD.distracted5.The company has_itself to a policy of equal opportunity for all.（分数：2.00）A.

16、promisedB.committedC.attributedD.converted6.I haven“t met anyone_the new tax plan.（分数：2.00）A.in honor ofB.in search ofC.in place ofD.in favor of7.Salk won_as the scientist who developed the world“ s first effective vaccine against polio.（分数：2.00）A.accomplishmentB.qualificationC.eminenceD.patent8.Thi

17、s software can be_to the needs of each customer.（分数：2.00）A.tailoredB.administratedC.entailedD.accustomed9.The average commercial business can shut down in such an emergency but a hospital doesn“ t dare for lives are_.（分数：2.00）A.in circulationB.under considerationC.on handD.at stake10.As we need plai

18、n, _ food for the body, so we must have serious reading for the mind.（分数：2.00）A.wholesomeB.dietC.tastefulD.edible11.He never gave much thought to the additional kilograms he had_lately.（分数：2.00）A.shown upB.piled upC.put onD.taken on12.The teacher tried hard to read the_handwriting in her students“ t

19、est papers.（分数：2.00）A.irregularB.illiterateC.illegibleD.irrational13.A coronary disease is the widely-used term _ insufficiency of blood supply to the heart.（分数：2.00）A.denotingB.donatingC.relatingD.resorting14.Section B（分数：2.00）_15.Humans are using up the world“ s natural riches at an alarming rate.

20、（分数：2.00）A.appallingB.appealingC.alertD.abnormal16.Drinking water in many areas of the developing world is contaminated with bacteria.（分数：2.00）A.purifiedB.multipliedC.taintedD.blended17.One of the most noticeable features of U. S. society is the diversity of its people.（分数：2.00）A.libertyB.democracyC

21、.varietyD.origin18.The controversy about abortion has been going on in the United States for more than twenty years.（分数：2.00）A.resentmentB.consensusC.notionD.dispute19.As human settlements advance, the tropical forests are retreating and becoming smaller every year.（分数：2.00）A.retrievingB.sprawlingC.

22、consumingD.withdrawing20.The war“ s impact on the population of the country was catastrophic .（分数：2.00）A.influentialB.disastrousC.apparentD.critical21.His physician told him not to take too much of the drug because it was very potent .（分数：2.00）A.bitterB.irritantC.effectiveD.powerful22.Certain drugs

23、can cause transient side effects, such as sleepiness.（分数：2.00）A.permanentB.residualC.irreversibleD.fleeting23.Nervous illness may stem from being treated inconsiderately in childhood.（分数：2.00）A.complain ofB.give rise toC.originate inD.dominate over24.Both a person“ s heredity and his surroundings he

24、lp to shape his character.（分数：2.00）A.formB.correctC.modifyD.improve五、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)There were red faces at one of Britain“ s biggest banks recently. They had accepted a telephone order to buy $ 100,000 worth of shares from a fifteen-year-old schoolboy(they thought he was twenty-one). The

25、 shares fell in value and the schoolboy was unable to【C1】_The band lost $ 20,000 on the【C2】_that it cannot get back because, for one thing, this young speculator does not have the money and, for another,【C3】_under eighteen, he is not legally liable for his debts. If the shares had risen in value by

26、the same amount that they fell, he would have pocketed $ 20,000 【C4】_Not bad for a fifteen-year-old. It certainly is better than【C5】_the morning newspaper. In another recent case, a boy of fourteen found, in his grandfather“ s house, a suitcase full of foreign banknotes. The clean, crisp banknotes l

27、ooked very【C6】_but they were now not used in their country of origin or anywhere else. This young boy【C7】_straight to the nearest bank with his pockets filled with notes. The cashiers did not realize that the country in【C8】_had reduced the value of its currency by 90%. They exchanged the notes at th

28、eir face value at the current exchange rate. In three days, before he was found out, he took $200,000 from nine different banks. 【C9】_, he had already spent more than half of this on taxi-rides, restaurant meals, concert tickets and presents for his many new girlfriends(at least he was generous!)bef

29、ore the police caught up with him. Because he is also under eighteen the banks have【C10】_a lot of money, and several cashiers have lost their jobs.（分数：20.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.payoffB.pay upC.pay forD.payout(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.principleB.criterionC.customD.deal(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.to beB.having beenC.b

30、eingD.is(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.profitB.advantageC.benefitD.commission(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.sendingB.transmittingC.deliveringD.dispatching(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.convincingB.valuableC.unusualD.priceless(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.cameB.pulledC.headedD.pushed(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.problemB.questionC.talkD.saying(9).【C9】（分数：2.

31、00）A.InterestinglyB.UnfortunatelyC.ParticularlyD.Amazingly(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.kissed goodbyeB.got rid ofC.lived up toD.made up for六、Part Reading Compre(总题数：6，分数：60.00)In a society where all aspects of our lives are dictated by scientific advances in technology, science is the essence of our existen

32、ce. Without the vast advances made by chemists, physicists, biologists , geologists and other diligent scientists, our standards of living would decline, our flourishing wealthy nation might come to an economic depression, and our people would suffer from diseases that could not be cured. As a socie

33、ty we ignorantly take advantage of the amenities provided by science , yet our lives would be altered interminably without them. Health care, one of the aspects of our society that separates us from our archaic ancestors, is founded exclusively on scientific discoveries and advances. Without the vac

34、cines created by doctors , diseases such as polio, measles, hepatitis, and the flu would pose a threat to our citizens, for although some of these diseases may not be deadly, their side effects can be a vast detriment to an individual affected with the disease. In addition, science has developed per

35、haps the most awe-inspiring vital invention in the history of the world, the computer. Without the presence of this machine our world could exist, but the conveniences brought into life by the computer are unparalleled. Despite the greatness of present-day innovators and scientism and their revelati

36、ons, it is requisite to examine the amenities of science that our culture so blatantly disregards. For instance, the light bulb, electricity, the telephone, running water, and the automobile are present-day staples of our society, however, they were not present until scientists discovered them. Beca

37、use of the contribution of scientists, our world is ever metamorphosing, and this metamorphosis economically and personally comprises our society, whether our society is cognizant of this or not.（分数：10.00）(1).In the first paragraph the author implies that we_.（分数：2.00）A.would not survive without sci

38、enceB.take the amenities of science for grantedC.could have raised the standards of living with scienceD.would be free of disease because of scientific with advances(2).The author uses health care and vaccines to illustrate_.（分数：2.00）A.how science has been developedB.what science means to societyC.w

39、hat the nature of science isD.how disease affects society(3).Nothing, according to the author, can match the invention of the computer in terms of_.（分数：2.00）A.powerB.noveltyC.benefitsD.complexity(4).The author seems to be unhappy about_.（分数：2.00）A.people“ s ignorance of their cultureB.people“ s igno

40、ring the amenities of scienceC.people“ s making no contributions to societyD.people“ s misunderstanding of scientific advances(5).The author“ s tone in the passage is_.（分数：2.00）A.criticalB.cognizantC.appreciativeD.paradoxicalBiotechnology is expected to bring important advances in medical diagnosis

41、and therapy, in solving food problems, in energy saving, in environmentally compatible industrial and agricultural production, and in specially targeted environmental protection projects. Genetically altered microorganisms can break down a wide range of pollutants by being used, for example, in bio-

42、filters and wastewater-treatment facilities, and in the clean-up of polluted sites. Genetically modified organisms can also alleviate environmental burdens by reducing the need for pesticides, fertilizers, and medications. Sustainability, as a strategic aim, involves optimizing the interactions betw

43、een nature, society, and the economy, in accordance with ecological criteria. Political leaders and scientists alike face the challenge of recognizing interrelationships and interactions between ecological, economic and social factors and taking account of these factors when seeking solution strateg

44、ies. To meet this challenge , decision-makers require interdisciplinary approaches and strategies that cut across political lines. Environmental discussions must become more objective, and this includes, especially, debates about the risks of new technologies, which are often ideologically charged.

45、In light of the complex issues involved in sustainable development, we need clearer standards for orienting and assessing our environmental policies. Sustainable development can succeed only if all areas of the political sector, of society, and of science accept the concept and work together to impl

46、ement it. A common basic understanding of environmental ethics is needed to ensure that protection of the natural foundation of life becomes a major consideration in all political and individual action. A dialogue among representatives of all sectors of society is needed if appropriate environmental

47、 policies are to be devised and implemented.（分数：10.00）(1).Biotechnology_.（分数：2.00）A.can help save energy and integrate industry and agricultureB.can rid humans of diseases and solve food problemsC.can treat pollution and protect environmentD.all of the above(2).Wastewater can be treated_.（分数：2.00）A.

48、in genetic engineeringB.by means of biotechnologyC.in agriculture as well as in industryD.without the need for breaking down pollutants(3).When he says approaches and strategies that cut across political lines, the author means that they_.（分数：2.00）A.involve economic issuesB.observe ecological criteriaC.are politically significantD.overcome political barriers(4).It can be inferred from the passage th