【学历类职业资格】英语词汇学自考题-11及答案解析.doc

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1、英语词汇学自考题-11 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.The term “vocabulary“ is used in different ways because of all the following reasons except that _. A. it can refer to the common core of a language B. it can refer to the total number of the words in a language C. it can represent all the

2、 words used in a certain historical period D. it can stand for words in given dialect or field（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.“Wilt“ which means “will“ is an example of _. A. argot B. slang C. archaism D. neologism（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Words like “typhoon, black humor, chopstick, silk, long time no see, tea, master

3、piece, ketchup, mother tongue“ are _. A. denizens B. semantic-loan C. aliens D. translation-loans（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Now people generally refer to _ as Old English. A. Anglo-Saxon B. Celtic C. Latin D. Scottish（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The _ translation of the Bible and the writings of _ and others contribu

4、ted a lot to the revival of English as the dominating language in Middle English period. A. Langland; Wycliff, Chaucer B. Wycliff; Langland, Chaucer C. Chaucer; Wycliff, Thomas More D. Bacon; Wycliff, Chaucer（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Which of the following words is brought about by political changes as reg

5、ards the growth of present-day English vocabulary?_ A. Smart bomb. B. Astrochemistry. C. Watergate. D. Tenor.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Among the following four past tense markers-ed, _ is realized by/t/. A. lived B. warmed C. looked D. tired（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.In English, bound roots are either _ or _. A. L

6、atin; French B. Greek; Scandinavian C. Latin; Greek D. French; Greek（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The “de“ in “demilitarize“ is a/an _ prefix. A. reversative B. orientation C. pejorative D. negative（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.In compounds, the word stress usually occurs on _ whereas in noun phrases _ is generally stre

7、ssed if there is only one stress. A. the first element; the second element B. the second element; the first element C. the first element; the first element D. the second element; the second element（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.“Telex“ is a pormanteau word created through _. A. head+ tail B. head+ head C. head

8、+word D. word+tail（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.By form we mean _. A. its spelling B. its pronunciation C. both its pronunciation and spelling D. its symbols（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.A concept has _ referring expressions. A. one B. many C. a few D. none of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Most words can be said to be _

9、. A. motivated B. non-motivated C. affixes D. compounds（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Words that have emotive values may fall into two categories: _ and _. A. stylistic; collocative B. pejorative; appreciative C. adjectival; adverbial D. nominative; substantive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.According to the degree of sim

10、ilarity, homonyms can be classified into _. A. perfect homonyms B. homographs C. homophones D. all the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.The differences between synonyms boil down to the following except _. A. denotation B. connotation C. application D. pronunciation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.The fact that the whol

11、e vocabulary can be divided up into fields can be exemplified by _. A. Rogets Thesaurus B. Concise Oxford Dictionary C. New Websters Dictionary D. Cobuild Dictionary（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Which of the following words does not undergo the process of extension of meaning? A. Meat. B. Manuscript. C. Pictu

12、re. D. Journal.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.The meanings of “lip“ and “tongue“ in “the lip of a wound“ and “the tongue of a bell“ have experienced _. A. extension B. elevation C. associated transfer D. degradation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.The meaning of a word is influenced immediately by _. A. the linguistic cont

13、ext B. situational context C. grammatical context D. extra-linguistic context（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over _. A. the readers interpretation B. the neighbouring words C. the writers intention D. the etymology

14、of the word（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.The sentence “The fish is ready to eat.“ is ambiguous due to _. A. extra-linguistic context B. grammatical context C. lexical context D. homonymy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24._ and _ often define each other, thus forming an important context clue, _. A. Antonymy; synonymy B. Hyp

15、onymy; homonymy C. Superordinates; subordinates D. Lexical words; grammatical words（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.Idioms adjectival in nature function as _. A. adjectives B. attributes C. modifiers D. words（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.The idiom “scream and shout“ is _. A. alliteration B. reiteration C. rhyme D. juxtapo

16、sition（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.Actions speak louder than words, in the proverb, _ is used. A. repetition B. simile C. metaphor D. personification（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.Linguistic dictionaries usually do not cover such areas as _. A. definitions B. spelling C. usage D. sound（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.For beginners

17、and elementary and lower-intermediate learners, _ dictionary is essential. A. monolingual B. bilingual C. specialized D. encyclopedic dictionary（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.The new edition of Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English has _ words and phrases. A. 56000 B. 75000 C. 80000 D. 83000（分数：1.00）A.B.C

18、.D.二、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)31.Pronouns and numerals enjoy nation-wide use and stability, but have limited productivity and 1.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_32. 1 words are words brought to Britain in the fifth century by the Germanic tribes, the Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes, thus known as Anglo-Saxon words.（分数：1.

19、50）填空项 1:_33.Bound morphemes include two types: bound root and 1.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_34.According to suffixation theory, “villager“ is called denominal noun and “employer“ is called 1 noun.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_35.Not every word has 1. For example, “probable“, “nearly“, “and“, “if“, “but“ and “yes“, all have

20、some sense, but none of them refer to anything in the world.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_36.The 1 approach deals with the changes and the development of vocabulary in the course of time.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_37.Homonyms are different from polysemants in etymology and 1 relatedness.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_38.When a common word

21、 is turned into a proper noun, the meaning is 1 accordingly.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_39.When a new word appears for the“ first time, the author usually manages to give hints or 1 in the context to help the readers.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_40.In some idioms, a constituent may be replaced by a word of the same part of

22、1, resulting in synonymous or antonymous idioms.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_三、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)41.translation-loan（分数：3.00）_42.zero derivation（分数：3.00）_43.lexical meaning（分数：3.00）_44.degradation（分数：3.00）_45.a variation of an idiom（分数：3.00）_四、B(总题数：4，分数：20.00)46.What are the differences between a bound morpheme

23、and a bound root?（分数：5.00）_47.What accounts for the relationships of arbitrary and conventional between reference and a thing outside the language?（分数：5.00）_48.What is a semantic field?（分数：5.00）_49.What are the advantages of using monolingual dictionary?（分数：5.00）_五、B(总题数：2，分数：20.00)50.After he comes

24、 back, he oiled machine. In above sentence, which word is a converted word? Explain the type of the conversion and the effect of the conversion.（分数：10.00）_51.Read the following extract and try to guess the meaning of the word in italics. Then explain what contextual clues help you work out the meani

25、ng. “Get me an avocado, please,“ Janet said, smacking her lips, but her brother, with a glance up at the branches, said that there were none ripe yet.（分数：10.00）_英语词汇学自考题-11 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.The term “vocabulary“ is used in different ways because of all the following re

26、asons except that _. A. it can refer to the common core of a language B. it can refer to the total number of the words in a language C. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical period D. it can stand for words in given dialect or field（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 The term “vocabulary“

27、is used in different senses. Not only can it refer to the total number of the words in a language, but it can stand for all the words used in a certain historical period. We also use it to refer to all the words of a given dialect, a given book, a given discipline and the words possessed by an indiv

28、idual person. 所以 B、C、D项正确。词汇是由一门语言中所有的词所构成的，而不是语言的核心，所以 A 项不正确。答案为 A。2.“Wilt“ which means “will“ is an example of _. A. argot B. slang C. archaism D. neologism（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 古语词是指过去曾经广泛使用而现在仅限于某些特殊用法的词。这些词的使用范围大为缩小，只在古诗、法律文件、宗教文件和讲话中出现。如，thou(你)，ye(你们)，thee(你的宾语)，wilt(will)，brethren(兄弟)，tro

29、th(誓约)，quoth(说)，aught(任何事情)，hereof(谈及这一点)，therefrom(从那一点)，wherein(在哪一点上)等。选项意思分别为 argot(黑话)，slang(俚语)，archaism(古语词)，neologism(新词语)。答案为 C。3.Words like “typhoon, black humor, chopstick, silk, long time no see, tea, masterpiece, ketchup, mother tongue“ are _. A. denizens B. semantic-loan C. aliens D. t

30、ranslation-loans（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 根据同化的程度和借词的方式，可以把外来语词归为四类：denizens(同化词)，semantic-loan(借义词)，aliens(非同化词)，translation-loans(译借词)。译借词是利用母语现有的词语但在构词模式上模仿了外语而构成的词。译借词还可再分为根据意义译出来的借词：mother tongue(母语)译自lingua materna(拉丁语)，long time no see 译自汉语的“好久没见”，surplus value(剩余价值)译自Mehrwert(德语)，masterpiece(杰

31、作)译自 Meisterstuck(德语)，black humour(黑色幽默)译自humournoir(法语)。根据语音译出来的借词：kulak(富农)译自 kyrak(俄语)，ketchup(番茄酱)译自汉语的“茄汁”，lama(喇嘛)译自 lama(藏语)，tea(茶)译自汉语的“茶”。答案为 D。4.Now people generally refer to _ as Old English. A. Anglo-Saxon B. Celtic C. Latin D. Scottish（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 现在人们一般把盎格鲁一撒克逊语称为古英语。答案为 A。5

32、.The _ translation of the Bible and the writings of _ and others contributed a lot to the revival of English as the dominating language in Middle English period. A. Langland; Wycliff, Chaucer B. Wycliff; Langland, Chaucer C. Chaucer; Wycliff, Thomas More D. Bacon; Wycliff, Chaucer（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解

33、析：解析 中古英语时期(11501500)，法语、拉丁语曾和英语一直并存长达一个多世纪。到了 13 世纪末，英语又逐渐回到了学校、法庭和政府部门，重新获得了重要的社会地位。威克利夫(Wycliff)用英语翻译圣经，乔叟(Chaucer)、朗兰(Langland)等人也开始用英语进行文学创作，于是，英语最后又返回到重要的位置上，并作为一门重要的文学语言受到尊重。答案为 B。6.Which of the following words is brought about by political changes as regards the growth of present-day English

34、 vocabulary?_ A. Smart bomb. B. Astrochemistry. C. Watergate. D. Tenor.（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 watergate(水门，由水门事件产生的一个新词)属于由政治变化产生的词；smart bomb(激光制导炸弹)，astrochemistry(天体化学)都是由迅速发展的科技产生的词汇；tenor(男高音)是由于社会的快速发展在乐音方面的新词汇。答案为 C。7.Among the following four past tense markers-ed, _ is realized by/t/. A. li

35、ved B. warmed C. looked D. tired（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 一般过去时态的标志形素-ed 在/p，k，s/结尾的动词后发音为/t/，如 worked，helped；而在以元音音素或/m，n，l/结尾的动词后发音为/d/，如 tried，warmed，lived，enabled；另外在以/t，d/音结尾的动词后发音为/id/，如 wanted，landed 等。答案为 C。8.In English, bound roots are either _ or _. A. Latin; French B. Greek; Scandinavian C.

36、 Latin; Greek D. French; Greek（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 粘附词根就如自由词根一样，是带有基本意义的词的组成部分。与自由词根不同的是，粘附词根是一种粘附形式，必须与别的词素结合在一起才能构成词。英语中的粘附词素不是来源于拉丁语，就是来源于希腊语。答案为 C。9.The “de“ in “demilitarize“ is a/an _ prefix. A. reversative B. orientation C. pejorative D. negative（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 demilitarize(解除军事控制)

37、是由 militarize(使军事化)加前缀 de-构成的，de-，dis-，un-等是表示逆向意义的前缀(reversative prefixes)。答案为 A。10.In compounds, the word stress usually occurs on _ whereas in noun phrases _ is generally stressed if there is only one stress. A. the first element; the second element B. the second element; the first element C. the

38、 first element; the first element D. the second element; the second element（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 复合词有三个特点：音律特点，词义特点和语法特点。其中音律特征表现为：复合词的重音通常在第一个语义单位上；而在名词短语中，若第二个单位只有一个音节则是在第二个语义单位上。如：a fat head(复合词)，a fat。head(独立短语)。答案为 A。11.“Telex“ is a pormanteau word created through _. A. head+ tail B. head+ he

39、ad C. head+word D. word+tail（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 telex 是一个混合型词，是由两个单词的词头混合组成。即 teleprinter+exchange。答案为 B。12.By form we mean _. A. its spelling B. its pronunciation C. both its pronunciation and spelling D. its symbols（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 词是形式和意义的结合。形式即词的发音及拼写，意义即为形式所代表的内容。答案为C。13.A concept ha

40、s _ referring expressions. A. one B. many C. a few D. none of the above（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 概念(concept)对于所有人来说都是相同的，无文化、种族、语言之分，而意义存在于语言之中，受语言使用的限制。因此概念有许多种表达所指，因为世界上有众多语言。答案为 B。14.Most words can be said to be _. A. motivated B. non-motivated C. affixes D. compounds（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 理据(moti

41、vation)讨论的是语言符号和意义之间的关联。词的形式和意义之间的关系都是任意的和规约的，因此大多数词可以说是没有理据的。答案为 B。15.Words that have emotive values may fall into two categories: _ and _. A. stylistic; collocative B. pejorative; appreciative C. adjectival; adverbial D. nominative; substantive（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 Words that have emotive values

42、 may fall into two categories: appreciative or pejorative. 带有感情意义的词可分为两类：褒义或贬义。答案为 B。16.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into _. A. perfect homonyms B. homographs C. homophones D. all the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 Based on the degree of similarity, homonyms fall i

43、nto three classes: perfect homonyms, homographs and homophones. 根据相类似的程度，同形同音异义词又可分为 3 类：完全同形同音异义词、同形异音异义词和同音异形异义词。答案为 D。17.The differences between synonyms boil down to the following except _. A. denotation B. connotation C. application D. pronunciation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 同义词的区别主要表现在三个方面：denotation(外延)，connotation(内涵)和application(应用)。答案为 D。18.The fact that the whole vocabulary can be divided up into fields can be exemplified by _. A. Rogets Thesaurus B. Concise Oxford Dictionary C. New