【学历类职业资格】英语国家概况自考题-18及答案解析.doc

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1、英语国家概况自考题-18 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B/B(总题数：35，分数：35.00)1.The Republic of Irelands border with Northern Ireland is _. A. 360km B. 434km C. 282km D. 346km（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The Irish lowland _. A. is a rocky area B. has many high mountains C. is covered by green forests D. has different landsca

2、pes from place to place（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Geographically, Ireland has been compared to a _ with coastal highlands. A. basin B. plateau C. plain D. mountain（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The capital city of Ireland is _. A. Cork B. Dublin C. Galway D. Waterford（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Which of the following is the hea

3、rt of Ireland in geography? _ A. A limestone plateau. B. Bogs. C. Coastal highlands. D. The Central Lowland.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.The largest river in Ireland is the _, which provides electric power for much of the Republic. A. Missouri River B. Shannon River C. Severn River D. Thames River（分数：1.00）A.B

4、.C.D.7.Which one of the following is dominant on poorer soils in Ireland? A. Pine. B. Oak. C. Ash. D. Birch.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Although relatively small in area, Ireland is large enough to show distinct regional variations in _. A. climate B. ethnic minorities C. religion D. language（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D

5、.9._ has the lightest rainfall in Ireland. A. The Central Lowland B. The Northeast C. The Northwest D. The Southwest（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The population of Ireland in 1990 was estimated at _ million, and was expected to reach _ million by 2000. A. 3.5, 4 B. 5, 6 C. 7, 8 D. 9, 10（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.His

6、torically, Ireland has been free of ethnic conflicts because of its _. A. racial unity B. racial homogeneity C. multi-culturalism D. high rate of emigration（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Irelands population has been _ during the past 100 years. A. stable B. increasing C. on decline D. doubled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.1

7、3.Ireland has the following demographic features except _. A. a late marriage age B. an excess of females in the population C. a high proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all ages D. a low birthrate compounded by a century of emigration（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.During the 19th century, _ was a most im

8、portant reason for a century-long population decline in Ireland. A. war B. flood C. famine D. earthquake（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Migration in Ireland declined sharply _. A. during WWI B. in recent years C. in the early decades of the 20th century D. after the establishment of the Irish Free State（分数：1.00

9、）A.B.C.D.16.Irish is a _ language. A. Anglo-Saxon B. Celtic C. Latin D. Greek（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.The most popular religious belief in Ireland is _. A. Methodism B. Christianity C. Catholicism D. Protestantism（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18._ have been a traditional source of conflict between the English and Iri

10、sh. A. Political persecution B. Economic interest C. Ethnic discrimination D. Religious differences（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Ireland was invaded by a number of Celtic tribes in prehistoric times and the most important were _. A. the Gaels B. the Dance C. the Vikings D. Anglo-Saxons（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.In 1

11、170 the _ invaded Ireland. A. Danes B. Vikings C. Anglo-Saxons D. Celts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.The Irish Republic was proclaimed in the _ of 1916. A. peasant Uprising B. Easter Uprising C. Revolutionary War D. Great Movement（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.What is Ireland called in Irish? _. A. Irea. B. Aire. C. Ear

12、e. D. Eire.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.Ireland declared itself a republic in _. A. 1921 B. 1945 C. 1917 D. 1949（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.The United States of America, with a population of 255.5 million in 1992, was the _ most populous country in the world. A. second B. third C. fourth D. fifth（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.

13、_ of New York used to be an important immigration reception spot. A. Ellis Island B. Manhattan C. Brooklyn D. Long Island（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.The biggest city in America is _ with a population of over _ million (in 1990). A. New York, 18 B. New York, 11 C. Los Angeles, 14.5 D. Chicago, 12（分数：1.00）A.B

14、.C.D.27.One of the reasons for the growth of population in Florida is because of its _. A. expanding economy B. large number of Cuban-Americans C. climate D. exotic food（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.Currently between 80% and 90% of immigrants to the U.S. are from _ countries. A. Asian and African B. European

15、and Hispanic C. Asian and Hispanic D. Scandinavian and Asian（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.Statistically _ have been the fastest growing states in population for the last 20 years. A. Arizona, Nevada and Florida B. California, Nevada and Florida C. Arizona, New Jersey and Nevada D. Arizona, New Mexico and Flor

16、ida（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.In the U.S. the high birth rate during the “baby boom“ mainly refers to the period _. A. 19201930 B. 19461964 C. 19721982 D. 19801990（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.31.The first blacks were brought to North America as slaves in _. A. 1610 B. 1615 C. 1618 D. 1619（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.32.Uncle Toms

17、 Cabin and Roots are the two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable life of the _. A. black slaves B. early settlers C. Puritans D. native Indians（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.33._ was meant to guarantee the blacks and others the right to vote. A. Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 B. The Thirteen

18、th Amendment to the Constitution in 1865 C. The Civil Rights Act of 1864 D. The Voting Rights Act of 1965（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.34.In 1865, _, which banned slavery, was added to the American Constitution. A. the Tenth Amendment B. the Thirteenth Amendment C. the Declaration of Independence D. the Bill of

19、Rights（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.35.Lincolns Emancipation Proclamation and the Thirteen Amendment to the Constitution formally ended _. A. the immigration movement B. the Civil War C. the slave system D. the industrialization（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B/B(总题数：12，分数：36.00)36.What are the characteristics of Irelands cl

20、imate?（分数：3.00）_37.What is the most significant feature of Irish landscape, which covers all the mountains and large areas of lowlands?（分数：3.00）_38.What is the ethnic composition of Ireland?（分数：3.00）_39.In which way is Ireland unique among the European countries in terms of its national population?（

21、分数：3.00）_40.What are the two official languages used in Ireland?（分数：3.00）_41.What was the consequence of the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921?（分数：3.00）_42.When did Eire become the Republic of Ireland?（分数：3.00）_43.Why did Ireland refuse to join in World War ?（分数：3.00）_44.What was the result of growing Iris

22、h nationalism in the early decades of the 20th century?（分数：3.00）_45.What is the Irish Republic Army?（分数：3.00）_46.How many people were immigrants in the United States in 1992?（分数：3.00）_47.How did the black people come to the United States?（分数：3.00）_三、B/B(总题数：3，分数：29.00)48.IRA（分数：9.00）_49.baby boom（分数

23、：10.00）_50.the Civil Rights Act of 1964（分数：10.00）_英语国家概况自考题-18 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B/B(总题数：35，分数：35.00)1.The Republic of Irelands border with Northern Ireland is _. A. 360km B. 434km C. 282km D. 346km（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 爱尔兰共和国与北爱尔兰接壤的边界为 434公里。2.The Irish lowland _. A. is a rocky area B.

24、 has many high mountains C. is covered by green forests D. has different landscapes from place to place（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 多样性是爱尔兰低地的主要特征，低地的周围有好几种不同的地形。3.Geographically, Ireland has been compared to a _ with coastal highlands. A. basin B. plateau C. plain D. mountain（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 爱尔兰一

25、直被比作盆地，内有海滨高地围起的石灰岩高原。4.The capital city of Ireland is _. A. Cork B. Dublin C. Galway D. Waterford（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 爱尔兰的首都是都柏林。5.Which of the following is the heart of Ireland in geography? _ A. A limestone plateau. B. Bogs. C. Coastal highlands. D. The Central Lowland.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析

26、中部低地是爱尔兰的心脏。6.The largest river in Ireland is the _, which provides electric power for much of the Republic. A. Missouri River B. Shannon River C. Severn River D. Thames River（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 爱尔兰最大的河是香农河，它发源于斯利戈湾附近的高原，缓慢地流过西部低地，然后流入德格湾，最后一段以急流方式注入河口。香农河为共和国提供了大部分电力。7.Which one of the followin

27、g is dominant on poorer soils in Ireland? A. Pine. B. Oak. C. Ash. D. Birch.（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 爱尔兰较贫瘠的土壤主要长松树。8.Although relatively small in area, Ireland is large enough to show distinct regional variations in _. A. climate B. ethnic minorities C. religion D. language（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 尽管

28、爱尔兰的面积相对较小，但在气候上却有显著的地区差异。9._ has the lightest rainfall in Ireland. A. The Central Lowland B. The Northeast C. The Northwest D. The Southwest（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 中部低地是爱尔兰雨量最少的地区，有两个地区雨量每年不足 762毫米。10.The population of Ireland in 1990 was estimated at _ million, and was expected to reach _ million

29、by 2000. A. 3.5, 4 B. 5, 6 C. 7, 8 D. 9, 10（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 1990 年爱尔兰的人口值估计为 350万，预期到 2000年将增长到 400万。11.Historically, Ireland has been free of ethnic conflicts because of its _. A. racial unity B. racial homogeneity C. multi-culturalism D. high rate of emigration（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 从历史上看，

30、因其种族的同一性，爱尔兰一直没有种族冲突。12.Irelands population has been _ during the past 100 years. A. stable B. increasing C. on decline D. doubled（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 在过去 100年里，爱尔兰人口锐减了一半。13.Ireland has the following demographic features except _. A. a late marriage age B. an excess of females in the population

31、C. a high proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all ages D. a low birthrate compounded by a century of emigration（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 爱尔兰有四大不寻常的人口特征：(1)低出生率，伴随整个世纪的移民；(2)晚婚(男性 35岁，女性 29岁)；(3)男性过剩；(4)各种年龄的独身男女比例很高。14.During the 19th century, _ was a most important reason for a century-long popu

32、lation decline in Ireland. A. war B. flood C. famine D. earthquake（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 在欧洲国家里，爱尔兰在一个世纪里的人口衰减独一无二。其主要原因是大饥荒。15.Migration in Ireland declined sharply _. A. during WWI B. in recent years C. in the early decades of the 20th century D. after the establishment of the Irish Free State（分数

33、：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 爱尔兰自由邦建立后(1921 年)，移民数量锐减。16.Irish is a _ language. A. Anglo-Saxon B. Celtic C. Latin D. Greek（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 爱尔兰语是一种凯尔特语。17.The most popular religious belief in Ireland is _. A. Methodism B. Christianity C. Catholicism D. Protestantism（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 现在 93%的爱尔兰人为

34、罗马天主教徒。所以爱尔兰最受欢迎的宗教信仰是天主教。18._ have been a traditional source of conflict between the English and Irish. A. Political persecution B. Economic interest C. Ethnic discrimination D. Religious differences（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 现在 93%的爱尔兰人为罗马天主教徒。而英国大多信奉新教。宗教上的差别是英国和爱尔兰之间冲突的历史根源。19.Ireland was invaded b

35、y a number of Celtic tribes in prehistoric times and the most important were _. A. the Gaels B. the Dance C. the Vikings D. Anglo-Saxons（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 在史前时代，爱尔兰遭受过许多凯尔特部落的入侵，其中最重要的是盖尔人。20.In 1170 the _ invaded Ireland. A. Danes B. Vikings C. Anglo-Saxons D. Celts（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 1170

36、 年，盎格鲁撒克逊人入侵爱尔兰，他们逐渐控制了这个岛。21.The Irish Republic was proclaimed in the _ of 1916. A. peasant Uprising B. Easter Uprising C. Revolutionary War D. Great Movement（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 20 世纪的最初一、二十年，爱尔兰民族主义日益高涨，1916 年爆发的复活节起义达到高潮，宣布成立爱尔兰共和国。22.What is Ireland called in Irish? _. A. Irea. B. Aire. C. E

37、are. D. Eire.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 在爱尔兰语中，爱尔兰被称为 Eire。23.Ireland declared itself a republic in _. A. 1921 B. 1945 C. 1917 D. 1949（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 爱尔兰于 1949年 4月 18日宣布为共和国。24.The United States of America, with a population of 255.5 million in 1992, was the _ most populous country in the world

38、. A. second B. third C. fourth D. fifth（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 美国 1992年 7月的人口是 255,500,000人，是世界第三人口大国。25._ of New York used to be an important immigration reception spot. A. Ellis Island B. Manhattan C. Brooklyn D. Long Island（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 从美国独立到 20世纪 60年代，美国的移民政策基本上是开放的。19 世纪末 20世纪初，纽约的埃利

39、斯岛是一个重要的移民入境接待点。26.The biggest city in America is _ with a population of over _ million (in 1990). A. New York, 18 B. New York, 11 C. Los Angeles, 14.5 D. Chicago, 12（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 美国最大的城市是纽约，1990 年人口超过 1800万。27.One of the reasons for the growth of population in Florida is because of its _.

40、 A. expanding economy B. large number of Cuban-Americans C. climate D. exotic food（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 佛罗里达的人口增长归因于它既是退休后的好去处，又是美国和中、南美做生意及到中、南美旅游的方便之地。28.Currently between 80% and 90% of immigrants to the U.S. are from _ countries. A. Asian and African B. European and Hispanic C. Asian and Hispa

41、nic D. Scandinavian and Asian（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 现在 80%到 90%的美国移民来自亚洲和拉丁美洲的国家。29.Statistically _ have been the fastest growing states in population for the last 20 years. A. Arizona, Nevada and Florida B. California, Nevada and Florida C. Arizona, New Jersey and Nevada D. Arizona, New Mexico and

42、 Florida（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 在过去的 20年里，亚利桑那、内华达和佛罗里达是人口增长最快的州。30.In the U.S. the high birth rate during the “baby boom“ mainly refers to the period _. A. 19201930 B. 19461964 C. 19721982 D. 19801990（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 美国的生育高峰期为 1946年至 1964年，出生率比较高。31.The first blacks were brought to North America as slaves in _. A. 1610 B. 1615 C. 1618 D. 1619（分