【计算机类职业资格】软件设计师-专业英语(二)及答案解析.doc

《【计算机类职业资格】软件设计师-专业英语(二)及答案解析.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《【计算机类职业资格】软件设计师-专业英语(二)及答案解析.doc（10页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、软件设计师-专业英语(二)及答案解析(总分：25.00，做题时间：90 分钟)NACs (Network Access Control)role is to restrict network access to only compliant endpoints and (1) users. However, NAC is not a complete LAN (2) solution; additional proactive and (3) security measures must be implemented. Nevis is the first and only comprehen

2、sive LAN security solution that combines deep security processing of every packet at 100Gbps, ensuring a high level of security plus application availability and performance. Nevis integrates NAC as the first line of LAN security (4) In addition to NAC, enterprises need to implement role-based netwo

3、rk access control as well as critical proactive security measures-real-time, multilevel (5) inspection and microsecond threat containment.（分数：5.00）(1).(1)（分数：1.00）A.automatedB.distinguishedC.authenticatedD.destructed(2).(2)（分数：1.00）A.crisisB.securityC.favorableD.excellent(3).(3)（分数：1.00）A.constructi

4、veB.reductiveC.reactiveD.productive(4).(4)（分数：1.00）A.defenseB.intrusionC.inbreakD.protection(5).(5)（分数：1.00）A.portB.connectionC.threatD.insuranceGenerally, data mining (sometimes called data or knowledge discovery) is the process of analyzing data from different perspectives and (1) it into useful i

5、nformation information that can be used to increase revenue, (2) costs, or both. Data mining software is one of a number of analytical tools for analyzing data. It (3) users to analyze data from many different dimensions or angles, categorize it, and summarize the relationships identified. Technical

6、ly, data mining is the process of finding correlations or patterns among dozens of fields in large relational databases.Although data mining is a (4) new term, the technology is not. Companies have used powerful computers to sift through volumes of supermarket scanner data and analyze market researc

7、h reports for years. However, continuous innovations in computer processing power, disk storage, and statistical software are dramatically increasing the accuracy of analysis while driving (5) the cost.（分数：5.00）(1).(1)（分数：1.00）A.organizingB.summarizingC.composingD.constituting(2).(2)（分数：1.00）A.cutB.

8、decreaseC.increaseD.add(3).(3)（分数：1.00）A.benefitsB.affectsC.allowsD.avail(4).(4)（分数：1.00）A.completelyB.absolutelyC.relativelyD.oppositly(5).(5)（分数：1.00）A.awayB.intoC.backD.downVirtualization is an approach to IT that pools and shares (1) so that utilization is optimized and supplies automatically me

9、et demand. Traditional IT environments are often silos, where both technology and human (2) are aligned around an application or business function. With a virtualized (3) , people, processes7 and technology are focused on meeting service levels, (4) is allocated dynamically, resources are optimized,

10、 and the entire infrastructure is simplified and flexible. We offer a broad spectrum of virtualization (5) that allows customers to choose the most appropriate path and optimization focus for their IT infrastructure resources.（分数：5.00）(1).(1)（分数：1.00）A.advantagesB.resourcesC.benefitsD.precedents(2).

11、(2)（分数：1.00）A.profitsB.costsC.resourcesD.powers(3).(3)（分数：1.00）A.systemB.infrastructureC.hardwareD.link(4).(4)（分数：1.00）A.contentB.positionC.powerD.capacity(5).(5)（分数：1.00）A.solutionsB.networksC.interfacesD.connectionsDOM is a platform-and language- (1) API that allows programs and scripts to dynamic

12、ally access and update the content, structure and style of WWW documents (currently, definitions for HTML and XML documents are part of the specification). The document can be further processed and the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented (2) DOM is a (3) -based API

13、 to documents, which requires the whole document to be represented in (4) while processing it. A simpler alternative to DOM is the event-based SAX, which can be used to process very large (5) documents that do not fit into the memory available for processing.（分数：5.00）(1).(1)（分数：1.00）A.specificB.neut

14、ralC.containedD.related(2).(2)（分数：1.00）A.textB.imageC.pageD.graphic(3).(3)（分数：1.00）A.tableB.treeC.controlD.event(4).(4)（分数：1.00）A.documentB.processorC.discD.memory(5).(5)（分数：1.00）A.XMLB.HTMLC.scriptD.webIn looking at the class structure of an entire system, we may find that its inheritance (1) is ei

15、ther wide and shallow, narrow and deep, or balanced. Class structures that are wide and shallow usually represent forests of (2) classes that can be mixed and matched. Class structures that are narrow and deep represent trees of classes that are related by a common ancestor. There are advantages and

16、 disadvantages to each approach. Forests of classes are more loosely (3) , but they may not exploit all the commonality that exists. Trees of classes exploit this commonality, so that individual classes are smaller than in forests. However, to understand a particular class, it is usually necessary t

17、o understand the meaning of all the classes it inherits from or uses. The proper shape of a class structure is highly problem-dependent.We must make similar trade-offs among inheritance, aggregation, and using relation- ships. For example, should the class Car inherit, contain, or use the classes na

18、med Engine and Wheel? In this case, we suggest that an (4) relationship is more appropriate than inheritance relationship. Meyer states that between the class A and B,“ (5) is appropriate if every instance of B may also be viewed as an instance of A. The client relationship is appropriate when every

19、 instance of B simply possesses one or more attributes of A“. From another perspective, if the behavior of an object is more than the sum of its individual parts, then creating an aggregation relationship rather than an inheritance relationship between the appropriate classes is probably superior.（分

20、数：5.00）(1).(1)（分数：1.00）A.distinctionB.levelC.gradeD.hierarchy(2).(2)（分数：1.00）A.free-standingB.aloneC.onlyD.lonely(3).(3)（分数：1.00）A.dispersiveB.cohesionC.coupledD.close-knit(4).(4)（分数：1.00）A.aggregationB.usingC.compositionD.association(5).(5)（分数：1.00）A.aggregationB.inheritanceC.associationD.using软件设计

21、师-专业英语(二)答案解析(总分：25.00，做题时间：90 分钟)NACs (Network Access Control)role is to restrict network access to only compliant endpoints and (1) users. However, NAC is not a complete LAN (2) solution; additional proactive and (3) security measures must be implemented. Nevis is the first and only comprehensive

22、LAN security solution that combines deep security processing of every packet at 100Gbps, ensuring a high level of security plus application availability and performance. Nevis integrates NAC as the first line of LAN security (4) In addition to NAC, enterprises need to implement role-based network ac

23、cess control as well as critical proactive security measures-real-time, multilevel (5) inspection and microsecond threat containment.（分数：5.00）(1).(1)（分数：1.00）A.automatedB.distinguishedC.authenticated D.destructed解析：(2).(2)（分数：1.00）A.crisisB.security C.favorableD.excellent解析：(3).(3)（分数：1.00）A.constru

24、ctiveB.reductiveC.reactive D.productive解析：(4).(4)（分数：1.00）A.defense B.intrusionC.inbreakD.protection解析：(5).(5)（分数：1.00）A.portB.connectionC.threat D.insurance解析：(1)-(5)译文：NAC(网络访问控制)的任务就是只允许那些仅被允许的终端和被授权的用户进行网络访问。然而，NAC 不是一个完整的局域网安全解决方案，还必须采取预防性的、具有反应性的额外安全措施。Nevis 是最早的也是唯一全面的局域网安全解决方案，它富有远见地兼顾考虑了将来以

25、 10Gb/s 的速率传输数据包时的安全问题，以确保在有高水平安全度的同时也有较好的应用性和性能。Nevis 整合了 NAC 作为局域网安全防护的第一道防线。除 NAC 之外，企业既要采取基于角色控制网络访问的策略，也要采取关键性的安全预防措施实时的多级别威胁检测和微秒级的威胁遏制。词汇与单词解释：restrictto 的意思是将某某限制在某范围内，第一句中最后那个 to 跟 restrict 搭配，不是跟 access搭配。第三句中的 deep，表示考虑很深远，考虑到未来，富有远见。Generally, data mining (sometimes called data or knowle

26、dge discovery) is the process of analyzing data from different perspectives and (1) it into useful information information that can be used to increase revenue, (2) costs, or both. Data mining software is one of a number of analytical tools for analyzing data. It (3) users to analyze data from many

27、different dimensions or angles, categorize it, and summarize the relationships identified. Technically, data mining is the process of finding correlations or patterns among dozens of fields in large relational databases.Although data mining is a (4) new term, the technology is not. Companies have us

28、ed powerful computers to sift through volumes of supermarket scanner data and analyze market research reports for years. However, continuous innovations in computer processing power, disk storage, and statistical software are dramatically increasing the accuracy of analysis while driving (5) the cos

29、t.（分数：5.00）(1).(1)（分数：1.00）A.organizingB.summarizing C.composingD.constituting解析：(2).(2)（分数：1.00）A.cut B.decreaseC.increaseD.add解析：(3).(3)（分数：1.00）A.benefitsB.affectsC.allows D.avail解析：(4).(4)（分数：1.00）A.completelyB.absolutelyC.relatively D.oppositly解析：(5).(5)（分数：1.00）A.awayB.intoC.backD.down 解析：(1)-

30、(5)译文如下：一般来说，数据挖掘(有时也称数据发现或知识发现)是一个从不同方面分析数据并将其总结成有用信息的过程，而这样的信息有助于增加财政收人或降低耗费或两者兼而有之。数据挖掘软件是为数众多的数据分析工具中的一种。它允许用户从许多不同的维度或角度去分析数据并且对它们进行分类并总结这些类别之间的关系。从技术上来说，数据挖掘就是从大型关系数据库的众多领域中去寻找相关性和模式的一个过程。尽管数据挖掘是个相对较新的术语，但是该技术并不新。多年来，很多公司就是用强大的计算机来审核超市扫描仪的数据以及分析市场调查报告。然而，计算机的处理能力、磁盘的存储容量以及统计性软件等各方面的持续革新显著地提高了分

31、析的精确性，同时节省了费用。Virtualization is an approach to IT that pools and shares (1) so that utilization is optimized and supplies automatically meet demand. Traditional IT environments are often silos, where both technology and human (2) are aligned around an application or business function. With a virtual

32、ized (3) , people, processes7 and technology are focused on meeting service levels, (4) is allocated dynamically, resources are optimized, and the entire infrastructure is simplified and flexible. We offer a broad spectrum of virtualization (5) that allows customers to choose the most appropriate pa

33、th and optimization focus for their IT infrastructure resources.（分数：5.00）(1).(1)（分数：1.00）A.advantagesB.resources C.benefitsD.precedents解析：(2).(2)（分数：1.00）A.profitsB.costsC.resources D.powers解析：(3).(3)（分数：1.00）A.systemB.infrastructure C.hardwareD.link解析：(4).(4)（分数：1.00）A.contentB.positionC.powerD.cap

34、acity 解析：(5).(5)（分数：1.00）A.solutions B.networksC.interfacesD.connections解析：(1)-(5)译文如下：虚拟化是一种 IT 技术，它汇集并共享资源，从而优化资源使用并自动满足需求。在传统 IT 环境中，技术、人力资源好比围绕在应用或商务活动旁边的孤岛，彼此联系不密切。利用虚拟化的 IT 基础设施，人、加工处理和技术三者被聚焦在一起满足不同级别的服务需求，负载量动态分配，资源得到优化，而且全部的IT 基础设施的结构简单而灵活。我们提供广泛的虚拟化解决方案，允许客户选择最合适的方式及最优化整合 IT 基础设施资源的方案。词汇与单

35、词解释：Silo 意为：筒仓，地窖，竖井，(导弹)发射井，在计算机数据库术语中，指的是一种先进先出(FIFO)存储缓冲区，常称为(数据)孤岛。文中的意思是：在传统 IT 环境中，技术、人力资源虽然以应用或商务活动为中心，但相互孤立，好比两个分散独立的“地窖”、“孤岛”，在技术这个“地窖”中只涉及技术，在人力资源这个“地窖”中只涉及人力资源，结合不够。Focus 意为：聚焦，调整使其聚集在一起。be focused on指某些东西被整合在一起用于某方面。DOM is a platform-and language- (1) API that allows programs and scripts

36、 to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of WWW documents (currently, definitions for HTML and XML documents are part of the specification). The document can be further processed and the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented (2) DOM is a (3)

37、 -based API to documents, which requires the whole document to be represented in (4) while processing it. A simpler alternative to DOM is the event-based SAX, which can be used to process very large (5) documents that do not fit into the memory available for processing.（分数：5.00）(1).(1)（分数：1.00）A.spe

38、cificB.neutral C.containedD.related解析：(2).(2)（分数：1.00）A.textB.imageC.page D.graphic解析：(3).(3)（分数：1.00）A.tableB.tree C.controlD.event解析：(4).(4)（分数：1.00）A.documentB.processorC.discD.memory 解析：(5).(5)（分数：1.00）A.XML B.HTMLC.scriptD.web解析：(1)-(5)译文如下：DOM 是一种独立于平台和语言的 API，它允许程序和脚本语言动态地访问和更新 WWW 文档的内容、结构以及

39、形式(目前对 HTML 和 XML 文档的定义也是这些规范的一部分)。这些文档可以近一步地被处理，然后处理的结果被传送到当前页面。DOM 是一种树型的 API 文档，在处理这种文档的时候，要求将整个文档在内存中进行表示。DOM 的一种简单解决方案就是采用基于事件的 SAX，它可以用来处理不适合在内存中处理的大量的 XML 文档。In looking at the class structure of an entire system, we may find that its inheritance (1) is either wide and shallow, narrow and deep

40、, or balanced. Class structures that are wide and shallow usually represent forests of (2) classes that can be mixed and matched. Class structures that are narrow and deep represent trees of classes that are related by a common ancestor. There are advantages and disadvantages to each approach. Fores

41、ts of classes are more loosely (3) , but they may not exploit all the commonality that exists. Trees of classes exploit this commonality, so that individual classes are smaller than in forests. However, to understand a particular class, it is usually necessary to understand the meaning of all the cl

42、asses it inherits from or uses. The proper shape of a class structure is highly problem-dependent.We must make similar trade-offs among inheritance, aggregation, and using relation- ships. For example, should the class Car inherit, contain, or use the classes named Engine and Wheel? In this case, we

43、 suggest that an (4) relationship is more appropriate than inheritance relationship. Meyer states that between the class A and B,“ (5) is appropriate if every instance of B may also be viewed as an instance of A. The client relationship is appropriate when every instance of B simply possesses one or

44、 more attributes of A“. From another perspective, if the behavior of an object is more than the sum of its individual parts, then creating an aggregation relationship rather than an inheritance relationship between the appropriate classes is probably superior.（分数：5.00）(1).(1)（分数：1.00）A.distinctionB.

45、levelC.gradeD.hierarchy 解析：(2).(2)（分数：1.00）A.free-standing B.aloneC.onlyD.lonely解析：(3).(3)（分数：1.00）A.dispersiveB.cohesionC.coupled D.close-knit解析：(4).(4)（分数：1.00）A.aggregation B.usingC.compositionD.association解析：(5).(5)（分数：1.00）A.aggregationB.inheritance C.associationD.using解析：(1)-(5)译文如下：在查看整个系统的类结

46、构时，会发现它的继承层次或者是宽而浅，或者是窄而深，或者是均衡的。宽而浅的类结构通常表示一些可被混合和匹配的自由独立的类组成的类森林。窄而深的类结构，表示由公共的祖先相关联的类树。每种方法都有优缺点。类的森林的耦合度较低，但它们可能不能体现出存在的所有共同处。类树体现出这种共同处，所以它的类个体比类森林中的类要小。但是为了理解某个特定的类，通常需要理解它所继承的或使用的类的含义。类结构的形状是否恰当与特定问题紧密相关。我们必须在继承、聚合和使用这三个关系中选择使用合适的。例如，类 Car 是继承、还是包含、还是使用类 Engine 和类 Wheel 呢?在这种情况下，聚合关系比继承关系更合适。Meyer 建议在类 A 和类 B 之间，“如果 B 的每个实例也可被看做 A 的一个实例，那么继承较为合适。如果 B 的每个实例只处理 A 的一个或多个属性，则客户关系更为合适一些”。从另外一个角度看，如果一个对象的行为多于它的单个部分的总和，那么在适当的类间创建聚合关系比继承关系更合适。