ISO TS 13907-2012 Soil quality - Determination of nonylphenols (NP) and nonylphenol-mono- and diethoxylates - Method by gas chromatography with mass selective d.pdf

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1、 ISO 2012 Soil quality Determination of nonylphenols (NP) and nonylphenol- mono- and diethoxylates Method by gas chromatography with mass selective detection (GC-MS) Qualit du sol Dtermination des nonyphnols (NP) et des mono- et di-thoxylates de nonylphnol Mthode par chromatographie en phase gazeuse

2、 avec dtection slective de masse (CPG-SM) TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 13907 First edition 2012-09-01 Reference number ISO/TS 13907:2012(E) ISO/TS 13907:2012(E) ii ISO 2012 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this pu

3、blication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Ge

4、neva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO/TS 13907:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Principle 1 4 Interferences 2 4.1 Interferences

5、from sampling. 2 4.2 Interferences by GC-MS . 2 5 Reagents 2 6 Apparatus . 4 7 Sample storage and sample pretreatment 5 7.1 Sample storage 5 7.2 Sample pretreatment . 5 8 Procedure. 5 8.1 Extraction 5 8.2 Concentration (optional) 7 8.3 Clean-up (optional) . 7 8.4 Derivatization . 8 8.5 Blank test .

6、8 8.6 GC-MS analysis 8 8.7 Calibration 9 8.8 Analysis of samples and identification 10 9 Calculation and expression of results 10 9.1 General 10 9.2 Calibration .10 9.3 Calculation .11 10 Precision 11 11 Test report 11 Annex A (informative) Repeatability and reproducibility data .13 Annex B (informa

7、tive) Example of chromatographic conditions and example of a chromatogram 15 Bibliography .17 ISO/TS 13907:2012(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standar

8、ds is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take

9、 part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is

10、to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In other circumstances, particularly

11、when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a technical committee may decide to publish other types of document: an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is app

12、roved by more than 50 % of the members of the parent committee casting a vote; an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote. An ISO/

13、PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be t

14、ransformed into an International Standard or be withdrawn. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TS 13907 was prepared by Technical Com

15、mittee ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, Subcommittee SC 3, Chemical methods and soil characteristics. iv ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO/TS 13907:2012(E) Introduction Nonylphenols (NP) are mainly found in the environment as degradation products of nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPEO). NPEO have many applica

16、tions as non-ionic detergents in washing and cleaning agents. After use, NPEO are degraded by de-ethoxylation, resulting in polyethoxylates with fewer ethoxy- groups. Nonylphenol-diethoxylates (NP2EO), nonylphenol-monoethoxylates (NP1EO) and nonylphenols (NP) are the last three products in the degra

17、dation chain. Due to their significant presence in sewage sludge, all three components are included in this Technical Specification. This Technical Specification is applicable for several types of matrices and validated for municipal sewage sludge (see also Annex A for the results of the validation)

18、. ISO 2012 All rights reserved v Soil quality Determination of nonylphenols (NP) and nonylphenol-mono- and diethoxylates Method by gas chromatography with mass selective detection (GC-MS) WAR NING Persons using this Technical Specification should be familiar with usual laboratory practice. This Tech

19、nical Specification does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions. IMPORTANT It is absolutely essentia

20、l that tests conducted according to this Technical Specification be carried out by suitably trained staff. 1 Scope This Technical Specification specifies a method for the determination of nonylphenols (NP), nonylphenol- monoethoxylates (NP1EO) and nonylphenol-diethoxylates (NP2EO) in sludge, treated

21、 biowaste and soil using GC-MS. For sludge, a limit of detection of 0,1 mg/kg and for soil and treated biowaste of 0,02 mg/kg (expressed as dry matter) may be achieved. Lower limits of detection may be achieved by concentrating the extract by solvent evaporation. NOTE 4-tert-octylphenol can also be

22、analysed with this method. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced do

23、cument (including any amendments) applies. ISO 8466-1, Water quality Calibration and evaluation of analytical methods and estimation of performance characteristics Part 1: Statistical evaluation of the linear calibration function ISO 11465, Soil quality Determination of dry matter and water content

24、on a mass basis Gravimetric method ISO 14507, Soil quality Pretreatment of samples for determination of organic contaminants ISO 16720, Soil quality Pretreatment of samples by freeze-drying for subsequent analysis ISO 22892, Soil quality Guidelines for the identification of target compounds by gas c

25、hromatography and mass spectrometry 3 Principle After pretreatment, the test sample is extracted by shaking with a mixture of acetone and petroleum ether (1:1). If necessary, interfering compounds are removed from the extract by a clean-up on a suitable column. The extract is treated with N-methyl-N

26、-(trimethylsilyl)-trifluoracetamide (MSTFA) reagent for the derivatization (silylation) of the analytes, and subsequently analysed by gas chromatography and mass selective detection (GC-MS). Nonylphenols and nonylphenol-mono- and diethoxylates are identified from the GC fingerprint, the relative ret

27、ention times and the relative intensities of two diagnostic ions. The quantification is based TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 13907:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1 ISO/TS 13907:2012(E) on an internal standard procedure. The internal standards ( 13 C-labelled 4-n-NP and 13 C-labelled 4-n-NP2EO)

28、 are taken through the whole analytical procedure. 4 Interferences 4.1 Interferences from sampling Use sampling containers of materials (preferably glass or steel) that do not significantly affect the sample during the contact through sampling and storage. Plastic containers may be used if it has be

29、en proven that they do not significantly affect the sample. 4.2 Interferences by GC-MS Substances that co-elute with NP, NP1EO or NP2EO and give the same ion(s) may interfere with the determination. This may have a large influence on the result, since all three analytes are determined from the sum o

30、f a cluster of five to nine chromatographic peaks. It is essential that the interfering peaks are not included in the calculations. A peak is excluded if the retention times are not the same as expected from the calibration standard and if the relative peak areas from the two diagnostic ions differ

31、more than 30 % from the same peak in the calibration standard. Interfering peaks may usually be spotted by comparing the fingerprints of the sample with the fingerprints of the calibration standard, although the isomer distribution in the environmental samples may differ from the distribution in the

32、 calibration standard. 5 Reagents 5.1 General All reagents shall be of recognized analytical grade. The purity of the reagents used shall be checked by running a blank determination as described in 8.5. 5.2 Acetone, C 3 H 6 O. 5.3 Hexane-like solvent Any aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent with a boiling

33、point or boiling range between 34 C and 1 00 C may be applied. 5.4 Anhydrous sodium sulfate, Na 2 SO 4 , powdered. Heated for at least 6 h to (550 20) C, cooled to about 200 C in the furnace and then to ambient temperature in a desiccator containing magnesium perchlorate or a suitable alternative. T

34、he anhydrous sodium sulfate shall be kept carefully sealed. 5.5 N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)-trifluoracetamide, C 6 H 12 F 3 NOSi, (MSTFA), CAS-RN 1)24589-78-4, for derivatization. 5.6 Isooctane, C 8 H 17 , boiling point 99 C. 5.7 Derivatization solution, 5 % MSTFA (5.5) in isooctane (volume fraction

35、). Dissolve e.g. 1 ml of MSTFA (5.5) in isooctane (5.6) in a 20 ml volumetric flask and make up to volume with isooctane (5.6). 1) CAS-RN Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. 2 ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO/TS 13907:2012(E) Store the derivatization solution in a dark place at a temperature

36、 of (4 3) C. The solution is stable for at least two months. 5.8 Operating gas for gas chromatography with MS-detector Helium of sufficient purity and in accordance with the manufacturers specification. 5.9 Nitrogen, N2, for solvent evaporation. Nitrogen of sufficient purity. 5.10 Standards for cali

37、bration The following standard substances shall be used: 4-nonylphenols (NP), mixture of isomers, CAS-RN 84852-15-3; 4-nonylphenol monoethoxylates (NP1EO), mixture of isomers, CAS-RN 26027-38-3; 4-nonylphenol diethoxylates (NP2EO), mixture of isomers, CAS-RN 20427-84-3. The two nonylphenol ethoxylat

38、es may contain small amounts of other ethoxylates. It is important to check the purity of all the standards used for calibration. The standards may be taken from pure compounds or from solutions with a guaranteed concentration. The standards shall be stored in a freezer at a temperature of (18 3) C.

39、 NOTE 1 If 4-tert-octylphenol is included: 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol, CAS-RN 140-66-9. NOTE 2 For NP, NP1EO and NP2EO, conflicting information about CAS-RN may be found. 5.11 Internal standards The following internal standard substances may be used: 13 C-labelled 4-n-nonylphenol (4-n-NP), C

40、 9 H 19 - 13 C 6 H 4 -OH; 13 C-labelled 4-n-nonylphenol-diethoxylate (4-n-NP2EO). The internal standards shall be stored in a freezer at a temperature of (18 3) C. D4-labelled 4-n-nonylphenol or 4-n-nonylphenol (non-labelled) may be used as an alternative internal standard to 13 C-labelled 4-n-nonyl

41、phenol. 4-n-nonylphenol-diethoxylate (non-labelled) may be used as an alternative internal standard to 13 C-labelled 4-n-nonylphenol-diethoxylate. Non-labelled compounds may only be used if it is shown that they are not present in the sample. For ion trap MS, deuterated internal standards shall not

42、be used. 5.12 Internal standard solution Prepare an internal standard solution with the two internal standards in isooctane (5.6). The concentrations are 20 mg/l for 4-n-NP and 100 mg/l for 4-n-NP2EO. It is essential that the same internal standard solution is used for calibration standard solutions

43、 and for samples, blank and internal quality control samples. Store the internal standard solution in a dark place at a temperature of (4 3) C. The solution is stable for at least two years, provided that evaporation of solvent is negligible. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3 ISO/TS 13907:2012(E) 5.13

44、Stock solutions Prepare individual stock solutions of about 100 mg/l in isooctane (5.6), either from solid standard substances or from solutions with a certified concentration. Store the stock solutions in a dark place at a temperature of (4 3) C. The solutions are stable for at least 2 years, provi

45、ded that evaporation of solvent is negligible. 5.14 Calibration standard solutions A mixed calibration standard solution is prepared from the stock solutions (5.13) by diluting the stock solutions with isooctane (5.6). Internal standard solution (5.12) is added to a concentration of 0,2 mg/l for 4-n

46、-NP and 1,0 mg/l for 4-n-NP2EO. The calibration standards are made to concentrations from 0,01 mg/l to 5 mg/l. Store the calibration standard solutions in a dark place at a temperature of (4 3) C. The solutions are stable for at least two weeks, provided that evaporation of solvent is negligible. 6

47、Apparatus 6.1 General All equipment that comes into contact with the sample or extract shall be free from nonylphenols and nonylphenol ethoxylates. Glassware may be cleaned by heating for at least 2 h at 450 C. 6.2 Usual laboratory glassware 6.2.1 Screw-cap glass flask with polytetrafluoroethylene (

48、PTFE) seal; volume 100 ml and 250 ml. 6.2.2 Round-bottom flasks, volume 100 ml and 250 ml. 6.2.3 Test tubes and vials 6.3 Shaking device Reciprocating shaker, with horizontal movement (up to at least 250 strokes per minute). 6.4 Evaporator Rotary evaporator. Other device like turbo evaporator or Kud

49、erna Danish 2)may be used. 6.5 Clean-up column Silica column. Commercial columns or freshly prepared columns may be used. Alternative materials like aluminium oxide or Florisil 3)may be used, provided that a sufficient recovery of the analytes has been proven. 6.6 Freeze-drying apparatus 2) Kuderna Danish is an example of a suitable product available commercially. This information is given for the convenience of users of this Technical Specification and does not constitute an