ISO TR 19120-2001 Geographic information - Functional standards《地理信息 功能标准》.pdf

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1、TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 19120 First edition 2001-07-01 Reference number ISO/TR 19120:2001(E) ISO 2001 Geographic information Functional standards Information gographique Normes fonctionnellesISO/TR 19120:2001(E) ii ISO 2001 All rights reserved PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefa

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4、zed for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2001 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no p

5、art of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, elec- tronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs mem- ber body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case pos

6、tale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in SwitzerlandISO/TR 19120:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved iii Contents Page 1 Scope . 1 2 References . 1 3 Terms and definitions 2 4 Abbreviated terms 2 5 Review of functional s

7、tandards . 4 6 Use of profiles to map functional standards to ISO 19100 base standards 9 Annexes A ISO 19104, Geographic information Terminology. 16 A.1 Summary of functional standards characteristics . 16 A.2 Key issues to be addressed 16 B ISO 19106, Geographic information Profiles 17 B.1 Summary

8、of functional standards characteristics . 17 B.2 Key issues to be addressed 17 C ISO 19107, Geographic information Spatial schema . 18 C.1 Summary of functional standards characteristics . 18 C.2 Key issues to be addressed 18 C.3 Response from project team . 20 D ISO 19108, Geographic information Te

9、mporal schema 21 D.1 Summary of functional standards characteristics . 21 D.2 Key issues to be addressed 21 E ISO 19109, Geographic information Rules for application schema 22 E.1 Summary of functional standards characteristics . 22 E.2 Key issues to be addressed 22 F ISO 19110, Geographic informati

10、on Feature cataloguing methodology . 23 F.1 Summary of functional standards characteristics 23 F.2 Key issues to be addressed . 23 F.3 Response from project team 23 G ISO 19111, Geographic information Spatial referencing by coordinates . 24 G.1 Summary of functional standards characteristics . 24 G.

11、2 Key issues to be addressed 24 H ISO 19112, Geographic information Spatial referencing by geographic identifiers 25 I ISO 19113, Geographic information Quality principles 26 I.1 Summary of functional standards characteristics . 26 I.2 Key issues to be addressed 26 I.3 Response from project team 26

12、J ISO 19114, Geographic information Quality evaluation procedures . 27 J.1 Summary of functional standards characteristics 27 J.2 Key issues to be addressed . 27ISO/TR 19120:2001(E) iv ISO 2001 All rights reserved K ISO 19115, Geographic information Metadata. 28 K.1 Summary of functional standards c

13、haracteristics . 28 K.2 Key issues to be addressed 28 K.3 Response from project team . 28 L ISO 19116, Geographic information Positioning services. 29 L.1 Summary of functional standards characteristics 29 L.2 Key issues to be addressed 29 L.3 Response from project team . 29 M ISO 19117, Geographic

14、information Portrayal . 30 M.1 Summary of functional standards characteristics . 30 M.2 Key issues to be addressed 30 M.3 Response from project team 30 N ISO 19118, Geographic information Encoding. 31 N.1 Summary of functional standards characteristics . 31 N.2 Issues to be addressed . 31 O ISO 1911

15、9, Geographic information Services 32 O.1 Summary of functional standards characteristics . 32 O.2 Issues to be addressed . 32ISO/TR 19120:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved v Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (

16、ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, go

17、vernmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IE

18、C Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the memb

19、er bodies casting a vote. In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a simple majority vote of its participating members to publ

20、ish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely informative in nature and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no longer valid or useful. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this Technical Report may be the subject of pate

21、nt rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TR 19120 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics.ISO/TR 19120:2001(E) vi ISO 2001 All rights reserved Introduction The ISO 19100 series of geographic information s

22、tandards under development within ISO/TC 211 provides a framework for the development of geographic information standards. There are a number of existing functional standards in use within the international community that would seek to achieve compliance with the emerging ISO 19100 series of standar

23、ds. The availability of a common frame of reference, as provided by the ISO 19100 series, may also present an opportunity for harmonization between the functional standards to the extent that such harmonization supports the primary goal of harmonization of the functional standards with the ISO 19100

24、 series, but harmonization between functional standards is not the subject of this report. This Technical Report seeks to identify how functional standards can be developed as profiles of the ISO 19100 series of standards and how this profiling process can promote harmonization between these functio

25、nal standards.TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 19120:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 1 Geographic information Functional standards 1 Scope Within the context of this Technical Report, a functional standard has been identified as an existing geographic information standard, in active use within the inter

26、national community. National standards have not been considered within this report. This Technical Report seeks to identify the components of those recognized functional standards and to identify elements that can be harmonized between these standards and with the ISO/TC 211 base standards. This Tec

27、hnical Report provides a starting point for a feedback cycle between the functional standards communities and the ISO 19100 series component project teams. 2 References ISO/IEC 8211:1994, Information technology Specification for a data descriptive file for information interchange ISO/IEC 8824 (all p

28、arts):1998, Information technology Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) ISO/IEC TR 10000-1:1998, Information technology Framework and taxonomy of International Standardized Profiles Part 1: General principles and documentation framework ISO 19101: 1) , Geographic information Reference model ISO 1910

29、2: 1) , Geographic information Overview ISO/TS 19103: 1) , Geographic information Conceptual schema language ISO 19104: 1) , Geographic information Terminology ISO 19105:2000, Geographic information Conformance and testing ISO 19106: 1) , Geographic information Profiles ISO 19107: 1) , Geographic in

30、formation Spatial schema ISO 19108: 1) , Geographic information Temporal schema ISO 19109: 1) , Geographic information Rules for application schema ISO 19110: 1) , Geographic information Feature cataloguing methodology ISO 19111: 1) , Geographic information Spatial referencing by coordinates ISO 191

31、12: 1) , Geographic information Spatial referencing by geographic identiers ISO 19113: 1) , Geographic information Quality principles ISO 19114: 1) , Geographic information Quality evaluation procedures 1) To be published.ISO/TR 19120:2001(E) 2 ISO 2001 All rights reserved ISO 19115: 1) , Geographic

32、 information Metadata ISO 19116: 1) , Geographic information Positioning services ISO 19117: 1) , Geographic information Portrayal ISO 19118: 1) , Geographic information Encoding ISO 19119: 1) , Geographic information Services ISO/TR 14825, Geographic Data Files (GDF) CEN ENV 14825, Geographic Data

33、Files (GDF) Digital Geographic Exchange Standard (DIGEST). Digital Geographic Information Working Group Edition 2.0 June 1997 International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Transfer Standard S-57, Edition 3.0 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this Technical Report, the following terms and d

34、efinitions apply. 3.1 encapsulation collection of specified data content in a well-defined coding structure or the process by which it is done 3.2 functional standard existing geographic information exchange standard, developed specifically for transfer of data between entities in different nations,

35、 and currently used for that purpose 3.3 module predefined set of elements in a base standard that may be used to construct a profile 3.4 profile set of one or more base standards and - where applicable - the identification of chosen clauses, classes, subsets, options and parameters of those base st

36、andards that are necessary for accomplishing a particular function ISO/IEC TR 10000-1:1998 3.5 product specification description of the universe of discourse and a specification for mapping the universe of discourse to a dataset 4 Abbreviated terms BIIF Binary Image Intechange Format CHRIS Committee

37、 on Hydrographic Requirements for Information Systems (IHO) CHS Canadian Hydrographic Service DBWG Data Base Working Group, now called TSMADWG (IHO)ISO/TR 19120:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 3 DIGEST Standard for the exchange of digital geographic information. Supports the exchange of DGI req

38、uired to support military operations DGI Digital geographic information DGIWG Digital Geographic Information Working Group DNC Digital Nautical Chart (DIGEST) ECDIS Electronic Chart Display Information System (S-57) ENC Electronic Nautical Chart (S-57) FACC Feature and Attribute Coding Catalogue (DI

39、GEST) FRS Feature Representation Scheme (GDF) GDF Geographic Data Files (CEN/ISO), standard for definition and exchange of digital road databases with a focus on navigation applications HO Hydrographic Office HWP Harmonization Working Party (joint DGIWG/IHO) ICD Interface Control Document (DGIWG/IHO

40、 HWP) IHB International Hydrographic Bureau (secretariat of the IHO) IHO International Hydrographic Organization IIF Image Interchange Format IMO International Maritime Organization MD Maintenance Document (refers to S-57, published by TSMADWG) NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization OGC Open GIS Co

41、nsortium, Inc. OGIS Open GIS S-57 IHO Transfer Standard; standard for the exchange of digital hydrographic data between national Hydrographic Offices, and for the distribution of such data to manufacturers, mariners and other users STANAG Standardization Agreement (NATO) TSMAD Transfer Standard Main

42、tenance and Applications Development Working Group (IHO) USOC Use of the Object Catalogue for ENC (S-57) VRF Vector Relational Format (DIGEST encapsulation)ISO/TR 19120:2001(E) 4 ISO 2001 All rights reserved 5 Review of functional standards 5.1 General This Technical Report reviews a selection of fu

43、nctional standards currently in use within the international digital geographic information community. The standards selected are not intended to represent an exhaustive review of all the de-facto international geographic data standards currently in existence. Such work has been carried out by other

44、 organizations; rather than duplicating their effort, this Technical Report addresses a number of existing standards in wide use at the current time. The experience gained in considering the activities required to develop these functional standards into profiles of the ISO 19100 series of standards

45、is valuable to any developer or data producer considering the use of profiles as a mechanism for achieving compliance with the ISO 19100 series. The review of the functional standards in parallel with the development of the ISO 19100 series of standards, has identified the need for liaison between t

46、he International Standard developers and the functional standard community. The “sequential” development of International Standards should be cyclically linked to the external functional standards communities. This provides for a “sanity check” on the emerging international standards by providing re

47、al test cases. Once the component base standards have reached International Standard status, they still may not be adequate to handle all requirements of the functional standards. These outstanding requirements may prompt future versions of the standard to be developed. Three functional standards ar

48、e considered within this Technical Report. They are as follows. DIGEST (Digital Geographic Exchange Standard): In use to support the military DGI requirements amongst NATO nations. The standard is maintained by the Digital Geographic Working Group (DGIWG). GDF (Geographic Data Files): In use to defi

49、ne and exchange digital road databases, with a particular emphasis on navigation applications. S-57: In use to support the exchange of digital hydrographic data between national Hydrographic Offices and for distribution to manufacturers, mariners, and other data users. Each of the functional standards considered within this Technical Report comes from a different user community, and as such brings a unique perspective to the profiling ac