ISO TR 17784-2003 en 3748 Rubber and plastics hoses and hose assemblies - Guide for use by purchasers assemblers installers and operating personnel《橡胶和塑料软管及软管组件.pdf

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1、 Reference number ISO/TR 17784:2003(E) ISO 2003TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 17784 First edition 2003-07-15 Rubber and plastics hoses and hose assemblies Guide for use by purchasers, assemblers, installers and operating personnel Tuyaux et flexibles en caoutchouc et en plastique Guide technique lintention

2、 des acheteurs, des assembleurs, des installateurs et des utilisateurs ISO/TR 17784:2003(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are

3、licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details

4、of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relat

5、ing to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2003 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, witho

6、ut permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2003 All righ

7、ts reservedISO/TR 17784:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Terms and definitions. 1 3 General considerations for hoses. 1 4 Rubber hoses 16 5 Plastics hoses . 23 6 Applications of rubber and plastics hoses and hose assemblies. 29 7 Couplings.

8、 35 Bibliography . 49 ISO/TR 17784:2003(E) iv ISO 2003 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO te

9、chnical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates close

10、ly with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft

11、 International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of

12、 a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely informative in nature and does not have to be rev

13、iewed until the data it provides are considered to be no longer valid or useful. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TR 17784 was pre

14、pared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45, Rubber and rubber products, Subcommittee SC 1, Hoses (rubber and plastics) in collaboration with the Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut (NEN). Its aim is to promote operating security when using hoses. Technical safety, inspection, system design and fitting of

15、hoses are considered. This may reduce or avoid the possibility of errors when working on or with hoses. ISO/TR 17784:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved vIntroduction Hoses are used in places where a rigid connection to one connecting point or between two points is impracticable or when a flexible

16、connection is required for delivery purposes. Examples are suction and pressure hoses, loading and discharging hoses and connections between parts of moving and vibrating equipment. Hoses are used for carrying media which are generally under pressure in systems. Other applications include places whe

17、re the frequent linking of one or both ends of a pipe may present problems. Users often ask hose suppliers advice on potential uses of hoses for their applications. A hose supplier/manufacturer can give optimum advice only if he is fully informed of the specific operating circumstances. If insuffici

18、ent information on envisaged use is obtained, incorrect advice may be given, so that a hose not suitable for the intended use is supplied and installed. Close consultation between user and hose manufacturer is therefore necessary. Thus, a major function of this Technical Report is to provide an info

19、rmation resource to assist in decision making. The guidelines presented in this document are derived from the Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut (NEN) document SPE 5660 (Hoses and accessories, directives for the application), second edition 1999, and were prepared by a task group of ISO/TC 45/SC 1/WG

20、 4. Metal hoses, included in SPE 5660, are excluded from this document because they fall outside the scope of ISO/TC 45/SC 1. Furthermore, the section in SPE 5660 concerning storage has been omitted as it is the subject of ISO 8331. TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 17784:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved

21、1Rubber and plastics hoses and hose assemblies Guide for use by purchasers, assemblers, installers and operating personnel 1 Scope This Technical Report contains general information on rubber and plastic hoses with regard to both their properties and their practical application. This includes, among

22、st other things, the properties of materials used in hoses, the precautions to be taken when storing hoses and the care required when installing and fitting hoses and their couplings. Safety measures when testing hoses are also indicated. This Technical Report is intended for use by system designers

23、, purchasers, assemblers, installers and operating personnel to improve the operating safety of hoses and hose assemblies. NOTE Metal hoses are not included in this Technical Report. Attention is drawn to the following International Standards: ISO 8444, ISO 8445, ISO 8446, ISO 8447, ISO 8448, ISO 84

24、49, ISO 8450, ISO 10807, ISO 10806 and ISO 10380. This Technical Report cannot, in practice, cover all circumstances and therefore its content is largely based on examples. It is assumed that these examples will provide sufficient information to give guidelines for a range of practical circumstances

25、. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 8330 apply. 3 General considerations for hoses 3.1 Choosing the type of hose 3.1.1 General When choosing the type of hose the chief criteria are: the resistance of the lining and cover of the hose to

26、the media to which the hose comes into contact (air, oil, water, steam and chemicals) and/or external influences (ozone, UV light and weathering); the maximum working pressure including any peak pressures; the minimum and maximum temperatures that may arise during operation; operational conditions i

27、.e. static, dynamic, ship to shore, dragging on the ground; hazard category of the medium; required working life. Most hose manufacturers include a “resistance list” with their hose documentation, indicating the media against which their hose material is resistant. It should be remembered that this

28、list refers only to the materials used by the specific manufacturer, who will use their own composition of the product indicated by the ISO/TR 17784:2003(E) 2 ISO 2003 All rights reservedcollective name. Temperature-pressure diagrams are also available showing the admissible pressures in combination

29、 with certain temperatures. Although these tables are sometimes reasonably comprehensive, they are, nonetheless, not always adequate. Hoses should not be used at temperatures outside the range advised by the manufacturer. The hose supplier should be notified of all requirements to which the hose nee

30、ds to conform in order to make the right choice of materials. This includes all chemical, physical and mechanical. Hoses that are not purchased against a standard should only be used for media recommended by the manufacturers list. The manufacturers advice should be obtained if there is any doubt as

31、 to the suitability of a particular hose for a specific application. 3.1.2 Maximum working pressure, proof pressure 1)and minimum burst pressure The hose manufacturer has information regarding maximum working pressure, test pressure and burst pressure for hoses (see also ISO 7751 regarding the ratio

32、 of working pressure to burst pressure). The user has information on the rated system pressure and the working pressure. As a general rule, the hose working pressure will be selected so that it is greater than the rated pressure in the users system. NOTE Pressures are sometimes divided into three cl

33、asses, such as “low pressure”, “medium pressure” and “high pressure”. However, hose manufacturers do not use these pressure categories and these terms should not be used, as the national or international standards will not refer to them. One manufacturer may well refer to a hose with a working press

34、ure of 10 bar 2)as a “medium-pressure” hose while a different manufacturer may still refer to a hose for a 200 bar pressure as a “low-pressure” hose. The pressure-resisting strength of a hose is determined mainly by the reinforcement. The pressure-resisting strength of tubing (a hose without reinfor

35、cement) depends on its wall thickness and material of construction. 3.2 Electrical conductivity 3.2.1 General Hoses are divided into three types with regard to electrical conductivity, namely electrically bonded, conductive and non-conductive (or discontinuous or insulating) hoses. 3.2.2 Design of e

36、lectrically bonded hoses Designs of electrically bonded hoses differ according to the type of hose. Electrically bonded rubber and plastic hoses contain conducting wires (see Figure 1). These wires are always applied spirally, either crosswise or in parallel during manufacture. The wires are connect

37、ed to the metal couplings at the hose ends in such a way that an uninterrupted pathway with low electrical resistance is obtained throughout the assembled length when hose assemblies are coupled to each other. “Composite” or multilayer hoses (see 6.3) have no conducting wires but are equipped with t

38、wo conducting metal helixes. In this case, the two helixes should be firmly connected to the hose coupling. Problems may arise in practice where one of the two ends of a coated internal helix is not connected through as a result of an assembly fault. The other wire will then still ensure a conductiv

39、e connection so that the manufacturing error is not discovered when taking electrical measurements. The non-connected internal helix may cause sparking. Coated internal helixes should therefore be so designed that the electrical connection on both the internal and external helixes can be checked. Th

40、is may be achieved, for example, by connecting the external helix to the coupling in such a way that it can be disconnected in order to check the electrical connection of the internal helix (to the coupling). 1) This can also be the test pressure. 2) 1 bar = 0,1 MPa. ISO/TR 17784:2003(E) ISO 2003 Al

41、l rights reserved 3Figure 1 Hose with metal conducting wires 3.2.3 Design of conductive hoses The construction of conductive hoses differs entirely from the designs described in 3.2.2 through the absence of wire contacts with the couplings. The rubber composition contains a quantity of specially con

42、ductive carbon black such that the cover of the hose is conductive. The hose couplings discharge the static electricity through the connecting points of the installation in which the hose is fitted, or to earth. An anti-kinking spiral is often incorporated into the hose during manufacture but it is

43、not electrically connected to the couplings. Hoses of this kind should be made with wire-free cuffs (see ISO 1823, ISO 2928, ISO 2929 and ISO 5772). 3.2.4 Design of non-conductive (or discontinuous or insulating) hoses The materials used in the construction of a non-conductive hose should not be ele

44、ctrically conductive. If metal materials are used within the construction, then these should not be connected to or come into contact with the coupling. 3.3 Static electricity 3.3.1 General The generation of static charges can be avoided by a proper choice of operating circumstances: adjust liquid v

45、elocities (as low as possible); adjust air velocities (as low as possible); adjust dust loading ratio on pneumatic conveyance; earth all conductive parts; speed up removal of electrical charges, e.g. by increasing the conductivity of the material being transferred (e.g. by adding conductive additive

46、s). NOTE 1 The removal of static electrical charge is also accelerated at high relative humidity, e.g. above 70 %. NOTE 2 For information in connection with static electricity, see “Hazards of static electricity” (chapter 5 of document AI-25) 89and, if applicable, Static Electricity Guidelines, late

47、st Edition, 1980 90 . ISO/TR 17784:2003(E) 4 ISO 2003 All rights reserved3.3.2 Earthing and through-connection The purpose of earthing and through-connection is to reduce the mortality risk and the risk to equipment caused by: faults between live conductors and non-conductive metallic parts; atmosph

48、eric discharge; accumulation of static charges. 3.3.3 Hoses for loading and unloading units Hoses used for loading and unloading road and rail tankers can be earthed by means of an external flexible copper cable of adequate cross-section. A spark-free make-or-break installation is desirable when lin

49、king up a flexible earth conductor. Examples of materials which can be conveyed by conductive or semi-conductive hoses include the following: petroleum distillates; petroleum gases; water or aqueous chemicals if well mixed with an oil product of low conductivity, consisting of the latter sediments from the oil phase; solids (e.g. powders or granulates). Non-conductive hoses can be used when operating conditions are safe. Examples of these conditions are: the charge cannot accumulate (e.g. sufficie