ISO 7203-1-2011 Fire extinguishing media - Foam concentrates - Part 1 Specification for low-expansion foam concentrates for top application to water-immiscible .pdf

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1、 Reference number ISO 7203-1:2011(E) ISO 2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7203-1 Second edition 2011-06-01 Fire extinguishing media Foam concentrates Part 1: Specification for low-expansion foam concentrates for top application to water- immiscible liquids Agents extincteurs mulseurs Partie 1: Spcific

2、ations pour les mulseurs bas foisonnement destins une application par le haut sur les liquides non miscibles leau ISO 7203-1:2011(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any

3、means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail co

4、pyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2011 All rights reservedISO 7203-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword .v Introductionvi 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Grades and uses of foam concentrates3 4.1 Grades 3 4.2 Use

5、with sea water 3 5 Tolerance of the foam concentrate to freezing and thawing 4 6 Sediment in the foam concentrate.4 6.1 Sediment before ageing4 6.2 Sediment after ageing.4 7 Determination of viscosity for pseudo-plastic foam concentrates4 7.1 Newtonian foam concentrates .4 7.2 Pseudo-plastic foam co

6、ncentrates4 8 pH of the foam concentrate4 8.1 pH limits4 8.2 Sensitivity to temperature 4 9 Surface tension of the foam solution 5 9.1 Before temperature conditioning.5 9.2 Temperature sensitivity 5 10 Interfacial tension between the foam solution and cyclohexane.5 10.1 Before temperature conditioni

7、ng.5 10.2 Temperature sensitivity 5 11 Spreading coefficient of the foam solution on cyclohexane 5 12 Expansion and drainage of foam.5 12.1 Expansion limits 5 12.2 Drainage limits.5 13 Test fire performance6 14 Marking, packaging and specification sheet6 14.1 Marking.6 14.2 Packaging.7 14.3 Specific

8、ation sheet7 Annex A (normative) Preliminary sampling and conditioning of the foam concentrate.8 Annex B (normative) Determination of tolerance to freezing and thawing 9 Annex C (normative) Determination of volume percentage of sediment11 Annex D (normative) Determination of viscosity for pseudo-pla

9、stic foam concentrates.12 Annex E (normative) Determination of surface tension, interfacial tension and spreading coefficient.14 Annex F (normative) Determination of expansion and drainage time.15 Annex G (normative) Determination of test fire performance19 ISO 7203-1:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights

10、reservedAnnex H (informative) Description of a radiation measurement method24 Annex I (informative) Compatibility.28 Annex J (informative) Typical anticipated performance for various types of foam concentrate29 Annex K (informative) Small-scale fire test 30 Bibliography 39 ISO 7203-1:2011(E) ISO 201

11、1 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in

12、a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commissi

13、on (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical c

14、ommittees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall n

15、ot be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 7203-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 21, Equipment for fire protection and fire fighting, Subcommittee SC 6, Foam and powder media and fixed firefighting systems using foam and powder. This second edition cancels

16、and replaces the first edition (ISO 7203-1:1995), which has been technically revised. ISO 7203 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fire extinguishing media Foam concentrates: Part 1: Specification for low-expansion foam concentrates for top application to water-immiscible liquid

17、s Part 2: Specification for medium- and high-expansion foam concentrates for top application to water- immiscible liquids Part 3: Specification for low-expansion foam concentrates for top application to water-miscible liquids ISO 7203-1:2011(E) vi ISO 2011 All rights reservedIntroduction Firefightin

18、g foams are widely used to control and extinguish fires of flammable liquids and for inhibiting reignition. They can also be used to prevent ignition of flammable liquids and, in certain conditions, extinguish fires of solid combustibles. Foams can be used in combination with other extinguishing med

19、ia, particularly halons, carbon dioxide and powders, which are the subject of other International Standards, including ISO 5923, ISO 6183, ISO 7201-1, ISO 7201-2 and ISO 7202. A specification for foam systems (ISO 7076), which is cited in this part of ISO 7203, is under preparation. Attention is dra

20、wn to Annex I, which deals with the compatibility of foam concentrates, and the compatibility of foams and powders. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7203-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Fire extinguishing media Foam concentrates Part 1: Specification for low-expansion foam concentrates for top app

21、lication to water-immiscible liquids 1 Scope This part of ISO 7203 specifies the essential properties and performance of liquid foam concentrates used to make low-expansion foams for the control, extinction and inhibition of reignition of fires of water-immiscible liquids. Minimum performance on cer

22、tain test fires is specified. These foams are suitable for top application to fires of water-immiscible liquids. Those foams that comply with ISO 7203-3 are also suitable for top application to fires of water-miscible liquids. The foam concentrates can be suitable for use in non-aspirating sprayers

23、or for subsurface application to liquid fires, but requirements specific to those applications are not included in this part of ISO 7203. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited app

24、lies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 304, Surface active agents Determination of surface tension by drawing up liquid films ISO 3104, Petroleum products Transparent and opaque liquids Determination of kinematic viscosity

25、and calculation of dynamic viscosity ISO 3219, Plastics Polymers/resins in the liquid state or as emulsions or dispersions Determination of viscosity using a rotational viscometer with defined shear rate ISO 3310-1, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire clo

26、th ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods ISO 3734, Petroleum products Determination of water and sediment in residual fuel oils Centrifuge method ISO 7203-2, Fire extinguishing media Foam concentrates Part 2: Specification for medium- and high- expansion f

27、oam concentrates for top application to water-immiscible liquids BS 5117-1.3:1985, Testing corrosion inhibiting, engine coolant concentrate (“antifreeze”). Methods of test for determination of physical and chemical properties. Determination of freezing point ISO 7203-1:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights

28、reserved3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 characteristic value value declared by the foam concentrate supplier for the chemical and physical properties and the performances of the foam, foam solution, and foam concentrate 3.2 25

29、 % drainage time time for 25 % of the liquid content of a foam to drain out 3.3 expansion ratio of the volume of foam to the volume of the foam solution from which it was made 3.4 low-expansion with expansion in the range 1 to 20, as applied to foam and to associated equipment, systems and concentra

30、tes 3.5 medium-expansion with expansion in the range 21 to 200, as applied to foam and to associated equipment, systems and concentrates 3.6 high-expansion with expansion greater than 200, as applied to foam and to associated equipment, systems and concentrates 3.7 foam firefighting aggregate of air

31、-filled bubbles formed from an aqueous solution of a suitable foam concentrate 3.8 foam concentrate concentrate liquid which, when mixed with water in the appropriate concentration, gives a foam solution 3.9 protein foam concentration P foam concentrate derived from hydrolised protein materials 3.10

32、 fluoroprotein foam concentrate FP protein foam concentrate with added fluorinated surface-active agents 3.11 synthetic foam concentrate S foam concentrate based on a mixture of hydrocarbon surface-active agents and which can contain fluorocarbons with additional stabilizers 3.12 alcohol-resistant f

33、oam concentrate AR foam concentrate resistant to breakdown when applied to the surface of alcohol or other water-miscible solvents ISO 7203-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 33.13 aqueous film-forming foam concentrate AFFF foam concentrate based on a mixture of hydrocarbon and fluorinated surfa

34、ce-active agents with the ability to form an aqueous film on the surface of some hydrocarbons 3.14 film-forming fluoroprotein foam concentrate FFFP fluoroprotein foam concentrate that has the ability to form an aqueous film on the surface of some hydrocarbons 3.15 foam solution solution of foam conc

35、entrate and water 3.16 forceful application application of foam such that it falls directly onto the surface of a liquid fuel 3.17 gentle application application of foam indirectly to the surface of a liquid fuel via a backboard, tank wall or other surface 3.18 sediment insoluble particles in the fo

36、am concentrate 3.19 spreading coefficient value calculated from the measured surface and interfacial tensions to indicate the ability of one liquid to spontaneously spread across the surface of another 3.20 lowest temperature for use temperature claimed by the manufacturer or supplier to be the lowe

37、st temperature at which the foam concentrate can be proportioned correctly using equipment normally available 4 Grades and uses of foam concentrates 4.1 Grades According to its test fire performance (see Clause 13), the foam concentrate shall be graded as class I, II or III for extinguishing perform

38、ance; as level A, B, C or D for burn-back resistance. NOTE Typical anticipated extinguishing performance classes and burn-back resistance levels for AFFF, FFFP, FP, P and S foam concentrates are given in Annex J. 4.2 Use with sea water If a foam concentrate is marked as suitable for use with sea wat

39、er, the recommended concentrations for use with fresh water and sea water shall be identical. ISO 7203-1:2011(E) 4 ISO 2011 All rights reserved5 Tolerance of the foam concentrate to freezing and thawing A foam concentrate that the supplier claims not to be adversely affected by freezing and thawing

40、shall show no visual sign of stratification and non-homogeneity before and after temperature conditioning in accordance with A.2, when tested in accordance with Annex B. Foam concentrates complying with this clause shall be tested for compliance with the appropriate requirements given in other claus

41、es of this part of ISO 7203 after freezing and thawing in accordance with A.2.1. 6 Sediment in the foam concentrate 6.1 Sediment before ageing Any sediment in the concentrate prepared in accordance with A.1 shall be dispersible through a 180 m sieve, and the volume percentage of sediment shall be no

42、t more than 0,25 % when tested in accordance with Annex C. 6.2 Sediment after ageing Any sediment in the concentrate aged in accordance with C.1 shall be dispersible through a 180 m sieve, and the volume percentage of sediment shall be not more than 1,0 % when tested in accordance with Annex C. 7 De

43、termination of viscosity for pseudo-plastic foam concentrates 7.1 Newtonian foam concentrates The viscosity of the foam concentrate at the lowest temperature for use claimed by the manufacturer shall be determined in accordance with ISO 3104. If the viscosity is greater than 200 mm 2 /s, the contain

44、er shall be marked “This concentrate can require special proportioning equipment”. 7.2 Pseudo-plastic foam concentrates The viscosity of the foam concentrate shall be determined in accordance with Annex D. If the viscosity at the lowest temperature for use is greater than or equal to 120 mPa/s at 37

45、5/s, the container shall be marked “Pseudo-plastic foam concentrate. This concentrate can require special proportioning equipment”. 8 pH of the foam concentrate 8.1 pH limits The pH of the foam concentrate, before and after temperature conditioning in accordance with A.2, shall be not less than 6,0

46、and not more than 8,5 at (20 2) C. 8.2 Sensitivity to temperature The difference in pH between before and after temperature conditioning shall not be greater than 1,0 pH units. ISO 7203-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 59 Surface tension of the foam solution 9.1 Before temperature conditioning

47、 The surface tension of the foam solution prepared from the concentrate, before temperature conditioning in accordance with A.2, at the suppliers recommended concentration, shall be within 10 % of the characteristic value when determined in accordance with E.2. 9.2 Temperature sensitivity The surfac

48、e tension of the foam solution prepared from the concentrate, after temperature conditioning in accordance with A.2, at the suppliers recommended concentration, shall be determined in accordance with E.2. The value obtained after temperature conditioning shall not be less than 0,95 times, or more th

49、an 1,05 times, the value obtained before temperature conditioning. 10 Interfacial tension between the foam solution and cyclohexane 10.1 Before temperature conditioning Before temperature conditioning in accordance with A.2, the difference between the interfacial tension between the foam solution prepared from the foam concentrate and cyclohexane (when determined in accordance with E.3) and the characteristic value for interfacial tension shall not exceed 1,0 mN/m or 10 % of the c