ISO 16378-2013 Space systems - Measurements of thermo-optical properties of thermal control materials《空间系统 热控制材料热性能测量》.pdf
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1、 ISO 2013 Space systems Measurements of thermo-optical properties of thermal control materials Systmes spatiaux Mesures des proprits thermo-optiques des matriaux de thermorgulation INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16378 First edition 2013-12-15 Reference number ISO 16378:2013(E) ISO 16378:2013(E)ii ISO 20
2、13 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet,
3、without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Publishe
4、d in Switzerland ISO 16378:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Abbreviated terms 4 5 Preparatory conditions . 4 5.1 Hazards, health, and safety precautions . 4 5.2 Preparation of samples
5、 5 5.3 Facilities 5 5.4 Standard Materials 6 6 Solar absorptance ( s ) test methods .7 7 Hemispherical infrared emittance ( h ) test method . 7 8 Normal infrared emittance ( n ) test methods 7 9 Test report . 8 9.1 Standard tests 8 9.2 Non-standard tests 9 10 Quality assurance 9 10.1 Precision . 9 1
6、0.2 Non-conformance 10 10.3 Calibration .10 10.4 Traceability .10 11 Audit of measurement equipment 10 11.1 General 10 11.2 Initial audit of the system (acceptance) .10 11.3 Annual regular review (maintenance) of the system .10 11.4 Special review .11 Annex A (normative) Solar absorptance using a sp
7、ectrophotometer ( s ) 12 Annex B (normative) Solar absorptance using the comparative test method ( p ) .17 Annex C (normative) Hemispherical infrared emittance using the thermal test method ( h-t ) 19 Annex D (normative) Normal infrared emittance using an IR spectrometer ( n-s ) 23 Annex E (normativ
8、e) Normal infrared emittance using ellipsoid collector optics ( n-e ) 26 Annex F (normative) Normal infrared emittance using two rotating cavities ( n-c ) 31 Annex G (informative) Key parameters for measurement .34 Annex H (informative) Theoretical directional emittance .35 Bibliography .36 ISO 1637
9、8:2013(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
10、 which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on a
11、ll matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted.
12、This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any
13、 or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of us
14、ers and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplemen
15、tary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles, Subcommittee SC 14, Space systems and operations.iv ISO 2013 All rights reserved ISO 16378:2013(E) Introduction Throughout this International Standard, the minimum essential criteria are identifie
16、d by the use of the imperative or the keyword “shall”. Recommended criteria are identified by the use of the keyword “should” and, while not mandatory, are considered to be of primary importance in providing serviceable, economical, and practical designs. Deviations from the recommended criteria can
17、 be made only after careful consideration, extensive testing, and thorough service evaluation have shown an alternative method to be satisfactory. Solar absorptance and infrared emittance are the key parameters of materials for both active and passive thermal design of space systems. This Internatio
18、nal Standard describes the methodology, instruments, equipment, and samples used to calculate the key parameters of thermal-control materials, i.e. solar absorptance sor p and the infrared emittance hor n . Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document can be the s
19、ubject of patent rights other than those identified. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 2013 All rights reserved v Space systems Measurements of thermo-optical properties of thermal control materials 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the
20、multiple measurement methods, instruments, equipment, and samples used to calculate the thermo-optical properties of thermal control materials. This International Standard compares their features, indicates their limitations and biases, and guides the applications. These measurements will be perform
21、ed at ground test facilities with the purpose of obtaining material properties. The measured properties will be used for material selection, thermal design of spacecraft, process control, quality control, etc. Also, on-orbit temperature data in the beginning of life can be assessed using the data ob
22、tained by ground measurement. Requirements for calibration and reference materials to ensure data quality are also defined. The following test methods are detailed in the Annexes of this International Standard including the configuration of samples and calculations. a) Solar absorptance using a spec
23、trophotometer: ( s ) Annex A b) Solar absorptance using the comparative test method: ( p ) Annex B c) Hemispherical infrared emittance using the thermal test method: ( h-t ) Annex C d) Normal infrared emittance using an IR spectrometer: ( n-s ) Annex D e) Normal infrared emittance using ellipsoid co
24、llector optics ( n-e ) Annex E f) Normal infrared emittance using two rotating cavities: ( n-c ) Annex F 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition
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