ISO 14850-1-2004 Nuclear energy - Waste-packages activity measurement - Part 1 High-resolution gamma spectrometry in integral mode with open geometry《核能 废弃物包装件的.pdf
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1、 Reference numberISO 14850-1:2004(E)ISO 2004INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO14850-1First edition2004-05-15Nuclear energy Waste-packages activity measurement Part 1: High-resolution gamma spectrometry in integral mode with open geometry nergie nuclaire Mesurage de lactivit de colis de dchets Partie 1: Spec
2、tromtrie gamma haute rsolution en mode intgral et gomtrie ouverte Copyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 14850-1:2004(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may
3、contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the respon
4、sibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
5、 parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2004 All rights reserved. Unless ot
6、herwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyri
7、ght office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2004 All rights reservedCopyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo
8、 reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 14850-1:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Terms, definitions and symbols 1 3 Principle . 3 4 Detectors and ancillary equipment . 4 4.1 Mechanical equipment 4 4.2 Detector
9、 and preamplifier. 4 4.3 Amplifier. 5 4.4 Analog-digital converter (ADC) 5 4.5 Multi-channel analyzer (MCA) and data processing system 5 4.6 Background shielding 5 4.7 Collimator. 5 4.8 Gamma ray attenuators 5 5 Calibration 5 5.1 Principle of the calibration. 6 5.2 Calibration apparatus . 7 5.3 Meas
10、urements to be performed 11 5.4 Error estimation of the calibration parameters 12 6 Operating procedure. 13 7 Interpretation of results 13 7.1 Activity . 13 7.2 Uncertainty evaluation 14 7.3 Detection limit . 15 8 Validation of results 16 9 Reporting of results 16 Annex A (informative) Radionuclide
11、transformations Energy and intensity of emissions (ICRP publication 38). 18 Bibliography . 20 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 14850-1:2004(E) iv IS
12、O 2004 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested
13、in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commi
14、ssion (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technica
15、l committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shal
16、l not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14850-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 85, Nuclear energy, Subcommittee SC 5, Nuclear fuel technology. ISO 14850 consists of the following parts, under the general title Nuclear energy Waste-packages activity me
17、asurement: Part 1: High-resolution gamma spectrometry in integral mode with open geometry Part 2: Gamma-ray spectrometry using HPGe detectors Copyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted withou
18、t license from IHS-,-,-ISO 14850-1:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved vIntroduction Several non destructive methods may be used after calibration to determine the radioactive characteristics of a waste package: gamma spectrometry; passive neutron counting, with or without discrimination of neutron
19、s originating from (,n) reactions; active neutron counting, with detection of neutrons resulting from induced fission reactions (prompt or delayed neutrons). This part of ISO 14850 describes one procedure for measuring the activity contained in waste packages by gamma spectrometry and points out rec
20、ommendations for the calibration of a measurement chain. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright International Organization for Standardization Repro
21、duced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14850-1:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 1Nuclear energy Waste-packages activity measurement Part 1: High-resolution gamma spectrometry in integral mo
22、de with open geometry 1 Scope This part of ISO 14850 describes a procedure for measurements of gamma-emitting radionuclide activity in the following homogeneous objects: unconditioned waste, including process waste (filters, control rods, etc.), dismantling waste, etc.; waste conditioned in various
23、matrices (bitumen, hydraulic binder, thermosetting resins, etc.), notably in the form of 100 l, 200 l, 400 l or 800 l drums, and test specimens or samples, (vitrified waste); waste packaged in a container, notably technological waste. It also specifies the calibration of the gamma spectrometry chain
24、. The gamma energies used generally range from 0,05 MeV to 3 MeV. 2 Terms, definitions and symbols For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 reference source radionuclide sealed in a suitable containment, of which the radioactive characteristics are determined
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