IEEE 1313 2-1999 en Guide for the Application of Insulation Coordination《绝缘配合的应用》.pdf

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1、The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USACopyright 1999 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published 27 October 1999. Printed in the United States of America.Print: ISBN 0-7381-1761-7 SH94764

2、PDF: ISBN 0-7381-1762-5 SS94764No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.IEEE Std 1313.2-1999 (R2005)IEEE Guide for the Application of Insulation CoordinationSponsorTechnical Counci

3、lof theIEEE Power Engineering SocietyReaffirmed 9 June 2005Approved 26 June 1999IEEE-SA Standards BoardAbstract: The calculation method for selection of phase-to-ground and phase-to-phase insulationwithstand votlages for equipment is presented. This guide gives methods for insulation coordinationof

4、different air-insulated systems like transmission lines and substations. The methods of analysisare illustrated by practical examples. Keywords: atmospheric correction factor, backflash, basic lightning impulse level (BIL), basicswitching impulse insulation level (BSL), clearances, crest value, grou

5、nd fault factor, insulationcoordination, insulation design, overvoltage, phase-to-ground insulation configuration, phase-to-phase insulation configuration, protective margin, protective radio, shielding failures, standardwithstand voltages, voltage stressIEEE Standardsdocuments are developed within

6、the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Com-mittees of the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. Members of the committees servevoluntarily and without compensation. They are not necessarily members of the Institute. The standardsdeveloped within IEEE represent a consensus

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8、r ways to produce, test, measure, purchase, market, or provide other goods and services related tothe scope of the IEEE Standard. Furthermore, the viewpoint expressed at the time a standard is approved andissued is subject to change brought about through developments in the state of the art and comm

9、entsreceived from users of the standard. Every IEEE Standard is subjected to review at least every five years forrevision or reaffirmation. When a document is more than five years old and has not been reaffirmed, it is rea-sonable to conclude that its contents, although still of some value, do not w

10、holly reflect the present state ofthe art. Users are cautioned to check to determine that they have the latest edition of any IEEE Standard.Comments for revision of IEEE Standards are welcome from any interested party, regardless of membershipaffiliation with IEEE. Suggestions for changes in documen

11、ts should be in the form of a proposed change oftext, together with appropriate supporting comments.Interpretations: Occasionally questions may arise regarding the meaning of portions of standards as theyrelate to specific applications. When the need for interpretations is brought to the attention o

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13、 societies and Standards CoordinatingCommittees are not able to provide an instant response to interpretation requests except in those cases wherethe matter has previously received formal consideration. Comments on standards and requests for interpretations should be addressed to:Secretary, IEEE-SA

14、Standards Board445 Hoes LaneP.O. Box 1331Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331USAAuthorization to photocopy portions of any individual standard for internal or personal use is granted by theInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., provided that the appropriate fee is paid to CopyrightClearance C

15、enter. To arrange for payment of licensing fee, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Cus-tomer Service, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; (978) 750-8400. Permission to photocopyportions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copy-righ

16、t Clearance Center.Note: Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard mayrequire use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard,no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights inconnection therewith.

17、The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents forwhich a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries intothe legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention.Copyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.iiiIntroduction(This introduction i

18、s not a part of IEEE Std 1313.2-1999, IEEE Guide for the Application of Insulation Coordination.)This guide is the second part of a major revision of ANSI C92.1-1982. The guide is divided into two parts:IEEE Std 1313.1-1996 (Part 1) presents the definitions and the procedure for insulation coordinat

19、ion. IEEEStd 1313.2-1999 (Part 2) is an application guide, which presents practical examples. The technical content ofPart 2, particularly 6.2 and 6.3, is taken with permission from the book Insulation Coordination for PowerSystemby Andrew R. Hileman, published by Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, NY. N

20、ew additions to this guide include the concepts of phase-phase insulation coordination and longitudinalinsulation coordination, which considers switching surges and the power frequency voltage across an openswitch. The introduction of the very fast front short-duration overvoltages is an acknowledgm

21、ent of theproblems observed when a disconnect switch operates in a gas insulated substation (GIS).The basic concept of insulation coordination remains the same as in ANSI C92.1-1982. The first step is thedetermination of voltage stresses using digital computer simulation, transient analyzer, or math

22、ematicalmethods such as those presented in this guide. These analyses result in nonstandard overvoltage waveforms,which are converted to equivalent standard wave shapes. The second step is the selection of insulationstrength to achieve the desired level of probability of failure. The standard descri

23、bes the determination ofboth the conventional and statistical BIL and BSL.This standard is prepared by the Insulation Coordination Working Group, under the sponsorship of the Tech-nical Council of the IEEE Power Engineering Society. At the time this application guide was completed, theInsulation Coo

24、rdination Working Group had the following membership:George G. Karady,ChairThe following members of the balloting committee voted on this guide:Richard G. CottrellJohn C. CrouseRichard CrowdisAndrew Robert HilemanDonald E. HutchinsonStephen R. LambertGerald E. LeeMark F. McGranaghanJoe R. RibeiroEdw

25、ard J. YasudaRaymond L. CapraRichard G. CottrellJohn C. CrouseRichard CrowdisRobert W. DempseyW. Bruce DietzmanJames S. EdmondsGary R. EngmannBrian E. B. GottBal K. GuptaJames H. HarlowAndrew Robert HilemanDonald E. HutchinsonJ. Harry JonesGeorge G. KaradyJames L. KirtleyStephen R. LambertGerald E.

26、LeeJohn W. MatthewsMark McGranaghanStig L. NilssonWIlliam R. PrinceJoe R. RibeiroKen H. SebraEddy SoHoward L. WillisEdward J. YasudaivCopyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 26 June 1999, it had the followingmembership:Richard J. Holleman,C

27、hairDonald N. Heirman,Vice ChairJudith Gorman,Secretary*Member EmeritusAlso included is the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaison:Robert E. HebnerKim BreitfelderIEEE Standards Project EditorSatish K. AggarwalDennis BodsonMark D. BowmanJames T. CarloGary R. EngmannHarold E. EpsteinJay F

28、orster*Ruben D. GarzonJames H. GurneyLowell G. JohnsonRobert J. KennellyE. G. “Al” KienerJoseph L. Koepfinger*L. Bruce McClungDaleep C. MohlaRobert F. MunznerLouis-Franois PauRonald C. PetersenGerald H. PetersonJohn B. PoseyGary S. RobinsonAkio TojoHans E. WeinrichDonald W. ZipseCopyright 1999 IEEE.

29、 All rights reserved.vContents1. Overview 11.1 Scope 11.2 Purpose. 12. References 13. Voltage stresses 33.1 Origin and classification of voltage stresses33.2 Characteristics of overvoltage protective devices 94. Insulation strength 114.1 General. 114.2 Insulation behavior at power frequency voltages

30、 124.3 Influences of atmospheric conditions on external insulation. 124.4 Probability of disruptive discharge 134.5 Influence of polarity and overvoltage shape 134.6 Phase-phase and longitudinal insulation 145. Performance/reliability criterion 145.1 Transmission lines . 145.2 Substations . 146. Ins

31、ulation coordination design. 156.1 Design procedures for continuous power frequency voltage and temporary overvoltages . 156.2 Procedures for switching overvoltages (SOV) 206.3 Procedures for lightning overvoltages . 317. Final selection 587.1 Transmission lines . 587.2 Substations . 58Annex A (info

32、rmative) Bibliography. 60Copyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.1IEEE Guide for the Application of Insulation Coordination1. Overview1.1 ScopeThe insulation coordination standard and guide apply to three-phase ac systems above 1 kV and are dividedinto two parts.IEEE Std 1313.1-1996 (Part 1) specif

33、ies the procedure for selection of the withstand voltages basic light-ning impulse insulation level (BIL) and basic switching impulse insulation level (BSL) for equipmentphase-ground and phase-phase insulation systems. It also identifies a list of standard insulation levels.Although the principles o

34、f this standard also apply to transmission line insulation systems, the insulationlevels may be different from those identified as standard insulation levels.This guide (Part 2) is an application guide with practical examples, intended to provide guidance in the deter-mination of the withstand volta

35、ges and to suggest calculation methods and procedures. The insulation coor-dination examples for selected equipment are designed to explain the principles of Part 1. The guide isintended for air-insulated ac systems; caution should be exercised in the case of gas-insulated systems (GIS).1.2 PurposeI

36、t should be recognized that absolute protection of station equipment is theoretically impossible. Even ifarresters are located at the terminals of all apparatuses, equipment failures can occur. The probabilisticmethod, that is, designing for a mean time between failures (MTBF) criterion, is proposed

37、 here not only topermit a realistic basis of design, but perhaps more importantly, to form a consistent measure of designbased on reliability.2. ReferencesThis guide shall be used in conjunction with the following publications. When the following standards aresuperseded by an approved revision, the

38、revision shall apply.ANSI C84.1-1995, Electric Power System and EquipmentVoltage Ratings (60 Hz).1ANSI C92.2-1987, American National Standard for Power SystemsAlternating-Current Electrical Sys-tems and Equipment Operating at Voltages Above 230 kV Nominal Preferred Voltage Ratings.1ANSI publications

39、 are available from the Sales Department, American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, 13th Floor,New York, NY 10036, USA (http:/www.ansi.org/).IEEEStd 1313.2-1999 IEEE GUIDE FOR 2Copyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.IEEE Std 4-1995, IEEE Standard Techniques for High Voltage Testi

40、ng.2IEEE Std 24-1984, IEEE Standard Performance Characteristics and Dimensions for Outdoor ApparatusBushings.IEEE Std 100-1996, IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms, Sixth Edition.IEEE Std 516-1995, IEEE Guide for Maintenance Methods on Energized Power Lines.IEEE Std 987-1985

41、, IEEE Guide for Application of Composite Insulators (withdrawn).3IEEE Std 998-1996, IEEE Guide for Direct Lightning Stroke Shielding of Substations.IEEE Std 1313.1-1996, IEEE Standard for Insulation CoordinationDefinitions, Principles, and Rules.IEEE Std C2-1997, National Electric Safety Code(NESC)

42、.IEEE Std C37.04-1999, IEEE Standard Rating Structure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on aSymmetrical Current Basis.IEEE Std C37.48-1988 (Reaff 1992), IEEE Guide for Application, Operation, and Maintenance of High-Volt-age Fuses, Distribution Enclosed Single-Pole Air Switches, Fuse Discon

43、necting Switches, and Accessories.IEEE Std C57.12.00-1993, IEEE Standard General Requirements for Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Powerand Regulating Transformers.IEEE Std C57.12.01-1989, IEEE Standard General Requirements for Dry-Type Distribution and PowerTransformers Including Those with Solid Cast

44、 and/or Resin-Encapsulated Windings (withdrawn).4IEEE Std C57.13-1993, IEEE Standard Requirements for Instrument Transformers.IEEE Std C57.21-1990 (Reaff 1995), IEEE Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Code for ShuntReactors Rated Over 500 kVA.IEEE Std C62.1-1989 (Reaff 1994), IEEE Standard

45、 for Gapped Silicon-Carbide Surge Arresters for ACPower Circuits.IEEE Std C62.11-1999, IEEE Standard for Metal-Oxide Surge Arresters for Alternating Current PowerCircuits.IEEE Std C62.2-1987 (Reaff 1994), IEEE Guide for the Application of Gapped Silicon-Carbide SurgeArresters for Alternating-Current

46、 Systems.IEEE Std C62.22-1997 (Reaff 1993), IEEE Guide for the Application of Metal-Oxide Surge Arresters forAlternating-Current Systems.IEEE Std C62.92.1-1987 (Reaff 1993), IEEE Guide for the Application of Neutral Grounding in ElectricalUtility Systems, Part IIntroduction.2IEEE publications are av

47、ailable from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway,NJ 08855-1331, USA (http:/www.standards.ieee.org/).3IEEE Std 987-1985 has been withdrawn; however, copies can be obtained from Global Engineering, 15 Inverness Way East, Engle-wood, CO 80112-

48、5704, USA, tel. (303) 792-2181 (http:/ Std C57.12.01-1989 has been withdrawn; however, copies can be obtained from Global Engineering, 15 Inverness Way East,Englewood, CO 80112-5704, USA, tel. (303) 792-2181 (http:/ APPLICATION OF INSULATION COORDINATION Std 1313.2-1999Copyright 1999 IEEE. All right

49、s reserved.33. Voltage stresses3.1 Origin and classification of voltage stressesIEEE Std 1313.1-1996 identifies classes and shapes of different types of overvoltages. In addition, Part 1identifies the continuous (power frequency) voltages that are the result of normal operation of the power sys-tem. There are many possible causes for each of the different types of overvoltage. Some of the commonovervoltages area) Temporary overvoltages that are caused by faults, load rejection, line energizing, resonance condi-tions, ferro