ANSI AWS B1 11M B1 11-2015 Guide for the Visual Examination of Welds.pdf
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1、AWS B1.11M/B1.11:2015An American National StandardGuide for theVisual Examinationof WeldsAWS B1.11M/B1.11:2015An American National StandardApproved by theAmerican National Standards InstituteSeptember 8, 2014Guide for the VisualExamination of Welds3rd EditionSupersedes AWS B1.11:2000Prepared by theA
2、merican Welding Society (AWS) B1 Committee on Methods of InspectionUnder the Direction of theAWS Technical Activities CommitteeApproved by theAWS Board of DirectorsAbstractThis guide contains information to assist in the visual examination of welds. Included are sections on fundamentals,surface cond
3、itions, and equipment. Sketches and full-color photographs illustrate weld discontinuities commonly foundin welds.iiAWS B1.11M/B1.11:2015ISBN: 978-0-87171-858-7 2015 by American Welding SocietyAll rights reservedPrinted in the United States of AmericaPhotocopy Rights. No portion of this standard may
4、 be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in anyform, including mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyrightowner.Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only or the internal,
5、 personal, oreducational classroom use only of specific clients is granted by the American Welding Society provided that the appropriatefee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: (978) 750-8400; Internet:.iiiAWS B1.11M/B1.11:2015Statement on the Use of
6、 American Welding Society StandardsAll standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the AmericanWelding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of theAmerican National Standards Institu
7、te (ANSI). When AWS American National Standards are either incorporated in, ormade part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmen-tal bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any chang
8、es in those AWS standardsmust be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those lawsand regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokesthe AWS standards. Where this contra
9、ctual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWSstandard must be by agreement between the contracting parties.AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that bringstogether volunteers representing varied viewpoints a
10、nd interests to achieve consensus. While AWS administers the pro-cess and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate,or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.AWS disclai
11、ms liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whetherspecial, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or relianceon this standard. AWS also makes no guarantee or warranty as to the ac
12、curacy or completeness of any information pub-lished herein.In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is neither undertaking to render professional or other services for oron behalf of any person or entity, nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someoneel
13、se. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek theadvice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. It isassumed that the use of this standard and its provisions is entrusted to
14、appropriately qualified and competent personnel.This standard may be superseded by new editions. This standard may also be corrected through publication of amend-ments or errata, or supplemented by publication of addenda. Information on the latest editions of AWS standards includ-ing amendments, err
15、ata, and addenda is posted on the AWS web page (www.aws.org). Users should ensure that theyhave the latest edition, amendments, errata, and addenda.Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent or trade name. Users of this standard acceptany and all liabilities for infri
16、ngement of any patent or trade name items. AWS disclaims liability for the infringement ofany patent or product trade name resulting from the use of this standard.AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.Official interpretations of a
17、ny of the technical requirements of this standard may only be obtained by sending a request,in writing, to the appropriate technical committee. Such requests should be addressed to the American Welding Society,Attention: Managing Director, Technical Services Division, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL
18、 33166 (see Annex B).With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered.These opinions are offered solely as a convenience to users of this standard, and they do not constitute professionaladvice. Such opinions represent only the personal
19、 opinions of the particular individuals giving them. These individualsdo not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations ofAWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpre
20、tation.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS B1 Committee on Methods of Inspection. It must be reviewedevery five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaffirmed or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations, additions,or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use i
21、n improving this standard are required and should be addressed toAWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS B1 Committee on Methods ofInspection and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committees response to the comments. Guests areinvited to attend
22、all meetings of the AWS B1 Committee on Methods of Inspection to express their comments verbally.Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of theTechnical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the Ameri
23、can Welding Society, 8669 NW36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166.This page is intentionally blank.ivAWS B1.11M/B1.11:2015vAWS B1.11M/B1.11:2015PersonnelAWS B1 Committee on Methods of InspectionW. Komlos, Chair Arc Tech LLCR. Cook, 1st Vice Chair SME Steel ContractorsA. Moore, 2nd Vice Chair Marion Testing
24、hence, the term visual examination.The use of gauges and other tools is supplemental to the main method, and these are treated only as adjuncts to visual exami-nation of weldments.The Guide for the Visual Examination of Welds has been prepared by the AWS B1 Committee on Methods of Inspectionto serve
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