ANSI ASSE Z117 1-2009 Safety Requirements for Confined Spaces《有限空间的安全性要求》.pdf

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1、ANSI/ASSE Z117.1-2009 ANSI/ASSE Z117.1-2009 AS SE ANSI/ASSE Z117.1-2009 Safety Requirements for Confined Spaces AMERICANNATIONALSTANDARD Copyright American Society of Safety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/5954931001,

2、User=Zhao Not for Resale, 05/02/2012 00:57:01 MDT No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- The information and materials contained in this publication have been developed from sources believed to be reliable. However, the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) as s

3、ecretariat of the ANSI accredited Z117 Committee or individual committee members accept no legal responsibility for the correctness or completeness of this material or its application to specific factual situations. By publication of this standard, ASSE or the Z117 Committee does not ensure that adh

4、erence to these recommendations will protect the safety or health of any persons, or preserve property. Copyright American Society of Safety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/5954931001, User=Zhao Not for Resale, 05/02/2

5、012 00:57:01 MDT No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI ANSI Z117.1 2009 American National Standard Safety Requirements for Confined Spaces Secretariat American Society of Safety Engineers 1800 East Oakton Street Des Plaines, Illinois 60018-2187 Approved July 27,

6、 2009 Effective November 2, 2009 American National Standards Institute, Inc. Copyright American Society of Safety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/5954931001, User=Zhao Not for Resale, 05/02/2012 00:57:01 MDT No reprodu

7、ction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The exist

8、ence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether they have approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic re

9、view and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no persons shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of

10、 an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Caution Notice: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw

11、this standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published August 2009 by: American Society of Safety Engineers 1800 East Oa

12、kton Street Des Plaines, Illinois 60018-2187 (847) 699-2929 www.asse.org Copyright 2009 by American Society of Safety Engineers All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the

13、publisher. Printed in the United States of America American National Standard Copyright American Society of Safety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/5954931001, User=Zhao Not for Resale, 05/02/2012 00:57:01 MDT No reprod

14、uction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of American National Standard Z117.1 2009.) This standard was developed by an American National Standards Committee, national in scope, functioning under the procedures of the American National Standa

15、rds Institute with the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) as Secretariat. This standard provides minimum safety requirements to be followed while entering, exiting and working in confined spaces at normal atmospheric pressure. It is intended that the procedures and performance requirements

16、detailed herein will be adopted by every employer whose operations fall within the scope and purpose of the standard. Neither the standards committee, nor the secretariat, feel that this standard is perfect or in its ultimate form. It is recognized that new developments are to be expected, and that

17、revisions of the standard will be necessary as the art progresses and further experience is gained. It is felt, however, that uniform requirements are very much needed and that the standard in its present form provides for the minimum performance requirements necessary in developing and implementing

18、 a comprehensive confined space program for the protection of personnel. In 1993 OSHA estimated that 238,000 establishments had permit required confined spaces. These establishments employed approximately 1.6 million workers, including contractors, who entered 4.8 million permit-required confined sp

19、aces annually. OSHA further estimated that 63 fatalities and 13,000 lost workdays and non-lost workday cases involving confined spaces entry occurred annually. OSHA and NIOSH data during the period 1980-1993 indicates atmospheric conditions were the leading cause of death associated with confined sp

20、ace entry. The data indicates that oxygen deficiency, hydrogen sulfide, methane, and inert gases ranked as the leading specific atmospheric hazardous conditions. Engulfment was found to be second in terms of occurrence. Mechanical asphyxiation from loose materials such as grain, agricultural product

21、s, sand, cement, and gravel was dominant. Evidence suggests that the cause of death associated with confined space entry has not changed appreciably during recent years. During revision of the 2003 version of the standard, the Z117 ASC reviewed current data and information addressing confined space

22、incidents. A review of 200 confined space fatality cases from the Federal OSHA database occurring between 1993 and 2004 confirms that the distribution of causes has not changed to any significant degree. Approximately 65% of incidents with fatalities involved atmospheric contamination. Engulfment ac

23、counted for less than 10% of the identified causes. It should be understood that the fatality cases in this sampling do not represent all U.S. confined space incidents resulting in fatalities. The mining, agriculture, and maritime sectors as well as various states with their own primary jurisdiction

24、 for safety and health enforcement are likely to be the source of many more cases not discussed within the Foreword of the Z117.1 Standard. Upon review of this data, much remains to be done, particularly in regards to verification of atmospheres for entrants prior to and during confined space activi

25、ty. The Z117 Committee acknowledges the critical role of design in influencing the safe entry of confined spaces. The failure to incorporate safety during the design process and overlooked design deficiencies can often increase the risk for entrants: examples are (1) means of entry (portals, hatchwa

26、ys, etc.) which are too small, improperly located, or that complicate/inhibit escape; (2) spaces which are convoluted, unnecessarily obstructed, or hazardously configured; (3) internal clearances which are too tight for safe passage; (4) space penetration distances which are excessive without altern

27、ative means of access or escape; (5) absence of appropriate devices to isolate all energy sources from the space; (6) no provision for vessel mechanisms/devices to prevent loose materials from bridging, compacting, etc. (7) lack of features that would enhance space ventilation effectiveness; (8) str

28、uctural weaknesses in walls, floors, ceilings, or pipes containing gases, liquids, or steam, or which increase hazard risk to entrants while Copyright American Society of Safety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/59549310

29、01, User=Zhao Not for Resale, 05/02/2012 00:57:01 MDT No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- working or coming in contact with stated structures in confined spaces; (9) absence of anchor points for retrieval devices. The standard does not attempt to address these issu

30、es. It is believed they are best dealt with by the purchaser, employer, or owner during a projects design, acquisition, or construction. However, it is recommended that designers, manufacturers, and users make confined space design issues a priority when new or modified machinery, equipment, process

31、es or facilities are contemplated. For existing confined spaces, which have recognized design deficiencies, it should be the responsibility of those authorizing entry to either: modify or correct the deficiencies when possible, or employ alternate means to accomplish the work without exposing person

32、nel, or develop and implement specific safe entry procedures for each confined space, or dismantle, open, remove, etc. the equipment/process rather than enter if the risk is deemed unacceptable. The Z117 Committee solicits public input that may suggest revisions to the Standard. Such input should be

33、 sent to the Secretariat, American Society of Safety Engineers, 1800 East Oakton Street, Des Plaines, IL 60018-2187. This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by American National Standards Committee on Confined Spaces Z117. Committee approval of the standard does not necessaril

34、y imply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time it approved that standard, the Z117 Committee had the following members: Edward V. Grund, CSP, P.E., Chair Terry Krug, CIH, CSP, Vice-Chair Timothy R. Fisher, CSP, CHMM, ARM, CPEA, Secretary Jennie Dalesandro, Administrative Tech

35、nical Support Organization Represented Name of Representative Alcoa, Inc. Paul T. Woerz Aluminum Association Mark Eliopulos American Association of Occupational Health Carol A. Santee, RN, COHN-S, CCM Nurses, Inc. Dean Burgess American Industrial Hygiene Association Terry Krug, CIH, CSP Neil McManus

36、, MS, CIH, ROH, CSP American Petroleum Institute Scott Wozniak, P.E. Kendall C. Crawford, P.E., CSP American Society of Safety Engineers Edward V. Grund, CSP, P.E. Linda Moquet American Welding Society Gus Manz Stephen Hedrick Bayer MaterialScience LLC Terry Ketchum Beacon Safety Consulting, LLC Ron

37、ald Miller, CSP Beer Institute, The Lester Jones Bret M. Clausen Bret M. Clausen, CIH, CSP, CHMM, CHCM, ARM Copyright American Society of Safety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/5954931001, User=Zhao Not for Resale, 05/

38、02/2012 00:57:01 MDT No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Edison Electric Institute Janet Fox Charles J. Kelly Ellis Fall Safety Solutions, LLC Dr. J. Nigel Ellis, P.E., CSP, CPE John Whitty, P.E. FIRECON R. Craig Schroll, CSP Hartford Steam Boiler Timothy C. Healey

39、 Jerome Kucharski International Safety Equipment Association Janice C. Bradley, CSP Cristine Z. Fargo LJB, Inc. Craig J. Galecka, P.E., CSP Thomas Kramer, P.E., CSP MRE Consulting Michael R. Roop McCulley, Eastham & Associates L. Todd Eastham, CSHM, CIHM, RIHT, WSO-CSM Matt McCulley, ASP Mine Safety

40、 Appliances Company Bob Apel Rebecca Schulz National Fire Protection Association Guy R. Colonna, P.E. David Trebisacci, CSP National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health Stephen Berardinelli, Jr., MS, CIH Virgil Casini National Stone, Sand & Gravel Association Ron McHaney, CSP Michelle Copelan

41、d, CIH Property Casualty Insurers Association of America Charles Boone, CIH Derek Boyd Safe Tran, LLC Daniel John OConnell, CHST, REA Ana Isabel Garcia Safety Management Inc. Dennis R. Howard Safety Through Engineering Mike C. Wright, P.E., CPE, CSP Moniqua Suits San Diego, City of Joe Wong Shell Ch

42、emical LP Lloyd Schexnayder Steel Tank Institute/Steel Plate Fabricators Association Wilson Frazier, CSP, CUSA Randy Hynek United Automobile Workers of America Mike Lee Sherrod Elledge U.S. Department of Labor - OSHA Sherman Williamson William B. Zettler U.S. Department of the Navy Douglas L. Craddo

43、ck Lyrita E. Gochenouer Westar Energy, Inc. Patrick E. Bush, CUSA Randy Bickford, CUSA Copyright American Society of Safety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/5954931001, User=Zhao Not for Resale, 05/02/2012 00:57:01 MDT

44、No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Contents SECTION PAGE 1. General10 1.1 Scope10 1.2 Exceptions10 1.3 Purpose10 1.4 Application10 2. Definitions10 3. Identification and Evaluation 15 3.1 Confined Space Survey 15 3.2 Hazard Identification.15 3.3 Hazard Evaluation1

45、6 3.4 Confined Space Classification 17 3.5 Hazard Re-Evaluation.18 3.6 Written Program18 4. Non-Permit Confined Spaces (NPCS). 18 4.1 Controls18 4.2 Training.19 4.3 Re-Evaluation.19 4.4 Atmospheric Testing.19 5. Permit Required Confined Spaces (PRCS). 19 5.1 Entry Permits19 5.2 Permit Implementation

46、20 5.3 Duration of Permits . 20 5.4 Revoking Permits20 5.5 Changing Work Conditions . 21 6. Atmospheric Testing21 6.1 General Criteria21 6.2 Testing Considerations.23 6.3 Acceptable Limits24 7. Entry Team25 7.1 Attendant25 7.2 Entrant26 7.3 Attendant(s)/Entrant(s) Communication.27 7.4 Entry Supervis

47、or/Leader.27 8. Isolation and Lockout/Tagout 28 8.1 General.28 8.2 Isolation28 8.3 Lockout/Tagout.30 9. Ventilation30 9.1 Requirements.30 10. Cleaning/Decontamination 31 11. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). 32 11.1 General.32 11.2 Selection.32 11.3 Inspection.34 Copyright American Society of Saf

48、ety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/5954931001, User=Zhao Not for Resale, 05/02/2012 00:57:01 MDT No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 12. Auxiliary Equipment. 35 12.1 Entry and Exit . 35 12.2 Retrieval Equipment .35 12.3 Fall Prevention35 12.4 Electrical Equipment.36 13. Warning Signs and Symbols . 36 13.1 Identification36 14. Emergency Response, Evacuation, and Rescue 36 14.1 Emergency Response Plan36 14.2 Atmospheri