IEC 60364-4-44-2007 Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4-44 Protection for safety - Protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturb.pdf

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1、 IEC 60364-4-44Edition 2.0 2007-08INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALELow-voltage electrical installations Part 4-44: Protection for safety Protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances Installations lectriques basse tension Partie 4-44: Protection pour assurer la s

2、curit Protection contre les perturbations de tension et les perturbations lectromagntiques IEC60364-4-44:2007 THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2007 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in

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16、us donner des commentaires sur cette publication ou si vous avez des questions, visitez le FAQ du Service clients ou contactez-nous: Email: csciec.ch Tl.: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 IEC 60364-4-44Edition 2.0 2007-08INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALELow-voltage electrical install

17、ations Part 4-44: Protection for safety Protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances Installations lectriques basse tension Partie 4-44: Protection pour assurer la scurit Protection contre les perturbations de tension et les perturbations lectromagntiques INTERNATIONAL EL

18、ECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE XAICS 91.140.50 PRICE CODECODE PRIXISBN 2-8318-9261-9 2 60364-4-44 IEC:2007 CONTENTS FOREWORD.5 INTRODUCTION.7 440.1 Scope .8 440.2 Normative references8 441 (Vacant).9 442 Protection of low-voltage installations against temporary

19、overvoltages due to earth faults in the high-voltage system and due to faults in the low-voltage system 9 442.1 Scope and object 9 442.1.1 General.9 442.1.2 Symbols 10 442.2 Overvoltages in LV-systems during a high-voltage earth fault 11 442.2.1 Magnitude and duration of power frequency fault-voltag

20、e .12 442.2.2 Magnitude and duration of power frequency stress-voltages.13 442.2.3 Requirements for calculation of limits 14 442.3 Power frequency stress voltage in case of loss of the neutral conductor in a TN and TT system 14 442.4 Power frequency stress voltage in the event of an earth fault in a

21、n IT system with distributed neutral 14 442.5 Power frequency stress voltage in the event of short-circuit between a line conductor and the neutral conductor .14 443 Protection against overvoltages of atmospheric origin or due to switching.14 443.1 General 14 443.2 Classification of impulse withstan

22、d voltages (overvoltage categories) 15 443.2.1 Purpose of classification of impulse withstand voltages (overvoltage categories) 15 443.2.2 Relationship between impulse withstand voltages of equipment and overvoltage categories 15 443.3 Arrangements for overvoltage control16 443.3.1 Inherent overvolt

23、age control 16 443.3.2 Protective overvoltage control16 443.4 Required impulse withstand voltage of equipment18 444 Measures against electromagnetic influences.18 444.1 General 18 444.2 (void)19 444.3 Definitions 19 444.4 Mitigation of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) .20 444.4.1 Sources of EMI20

24、444.4.2 Measures to reduce EMI21 444.4.3 TN-system 22 444.4.4 TT system .26 444.4.5 IT system 27 444.4.6 Multiple-source supply.28 444.4.7 Transfer of supply .31 444.4.8 Services entering a building.33 444.4.9 Separate buildings.34 444.4.10 Inside buildings .34 444.4.11 Protective devices .36 60364-

25、4-44 IEC:2007 3 444.4.12 Signal cables.36 444.5 Earthing and equipotential bonding36 444.5.1 Interconnection of earth electrodes36 444.5.2 Interconnection of incoming networks and earthing arrangements37 444.5.3 Different structures for the network of equipotential conductors and earthing conductors

26、.37 444.5.4 Equipotential bonding networks in buildings with several floors 39 444.5.5 Functional earthing conductor40 444.5.6 Commercial or industrial buildings containing significant amounts of information technology equipment41 444.5.7 Earthing arrangements and equipotential bonding of informatio

27、n technology installations for functional purposes .41 444.6 Segregation of circuits 42 444.6.1 General.42 444.6.2 Design guidelines42 444.6.3 Installation guidelines43 444.7 Cable management systems .44 444.7.1 General.44 444.7.2 Design guidelines44 444.7.3 Installation guidelines45 445 Protection

28、against undervoltage .47 445.1 General requirements .47 Annex A (informative) Explanatory notes concerning 442.1 and 442.2.48 Annex B (informative) Guidance for overvoltage control by SPDs applied to overhead lines50 Annex C (normative) Determination of the conventional length, d .52 Bibliography54

29、Figure 44.A1 Representative schematic sketch for possible connections to earth in substation and LV-Installation and occurring overvoltages in case of faults 11 Figure 44.A2 Tolerable fault-voltage due to an earth-fault in the HV system 13 Figure 44.R1 By-pass conductor for screen reinforcement to p

30、rovide a common equipotential bonding system 21 Figure 44.R2 Example of a substitute or by-pass equipotential bonding conductor in a TT-system.22 Figure 44.R3A Avoidance of neutral conductor currents in a bonded structure by using the TN-S system from the origin of the public supply up to and includ

31、ing the final circuit within a building 23 Figure 44.R3B Avoidance of neutral conductor currents in a bonded structure by using a TN-S system downstream of a consumers private supply transformer 24 Figure 44.R4 TN-C-S system within an existing building installation 25 Figure 44.R5 TT system within a

32、 building installation 26 Figure 44.R6 IT system within a building installation .27 Figure 44.R7A TN multiple-source power supply with a non-suitable multiple connection between PEN and earth .28 Figure 44.R7B TN multiple source power supplies to an installation with connection to earth of the star

33、points at one and the same point .29 4 60364-4-44 IEC:2007 Figure 44.R8 TT multiple-source power supplies to an installation with connection to earth of the star points at one and the same point .30 Figure 44.R9A Three-phase alternative power supply with a 4-pole switch 31 Figure 44.R9B Neutral curr

34、ent flow in a three-phase alternative power supply with an unsuitable 3-pole switch 32 Figure 44.R9C Single-phase alternative power supply with 2-pole switch.33 Figure 44.R10 Armoured cables and metal pipes entering the buildings (examples) 34 Figure 44.R11 Illustration of measures in an existing bu

35、ilding .35 Figure 44.R12 Interconnected earth electrodes.36 Figure 44.R13 Examples of protective conductors in star network .37 Figure 44.R14 Example of multiple meshed bonding star network .38 Figure 44.R15 Example of a common meshed bonding star network .39 Figure 44.R16 Example of equipotential b

36、onding networks in structures without lightning protection systems 40 Figure 44.R17A Separation between power and information technology cables for cable route lengths 35 m 43 Figure 44.R17B Separation between power and information technology cables for cable route lengths 35 m 43 Figure 44.R18 Sepa

37、ration of cables in wiring systems.44 Figure 44.R19 Cable arrangements in metal cable-trays .45 Figure 44.R20 Continuity of metallic system components46 Figure 44.R21 Location of cables inside metallic construction elements 46 Figure 44.R22 Connection of metallic sections47 Figure 44.Q Examples of h

38、ow to apply d1, d2and d3 for the determination of d .53 Table 44.A1 Power frequency stress voltages and power frequency fault voltage in the low voltage system12 Table 44.A2 Permissible power frequency stress-voltage13 Table 44.B Required rated impulse withstand voltage of equipment 18 Table B.1 Dif

39、ferent possibilities for IT systems51 60364-4-44 IEC:2007 5 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS Part 4-44: Protection for safety Protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commis

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