IEC TR2 61438-1996 Possible safety and health hazards in the use of alkaline secondary cells and batteries - Guide to equipment manufacturers and users《碱性二次电池和电池组潜在的安全问题和对健康危害 设备制造商和用户指南》.pdf

《IEC TR2 61438-1996 Possible safety and health hazards in the use of alkaline secondary cells and batteries - Guide to equipment manufacturers and users《碱性二次电池和电池组潜在的安全问题和对健康危害 设备制造商和用户指南》.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《IEC TR2 61438-1996 Possible safety and health hazards in the use of alkaline secondary cells and batteries - Guide to equipment manufacturers and users《碱性二次电池和电池组潜在的安全问题和对健康危害 设备制造商和用户指南》.pdf（46页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、RAPPORTTECHNIQUECEIIECTECHNICALREPORT1438Premire ditionFirst edition1996-12Numro de rfrenceReference numberCEI/IEC 1438: 1996Risques potentiels pour la sant et la scuritlis lemploi des accumulateurs alcalins Guide lusage des fabricants dquipementset des utilisateursPossible safety and health hazards

2、 in the useof alkaline secondary cells and batteries Guide to equipment manufacturers and usersCopyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Validit de la prsente publicatio

3、nLe contenu technique des publications de la CEI est cons-tamment revu par la CEI afin quil reflte ltat actuel dela technique.Des renseignements relatifs la date de reconfirmation dela publication sont disponibles auprs du Bureau Central dela CEI.Les renseignements relatifs ces rvisions, ltablis-sem

4、ent des ditions rvises et aux amendements peuventtre obtenus auprs des Comits nationaux de la CEI etdans les documents ci-dessous: Bulletin de la CEI Annuaire de la CEIPubli annuellement Catalogue des publications de la CEIPubli annuellement et mis jour rgulirementTerminologieEn ce qui concerne la t

5、erminologie gnrale, le lecteur sereportera la CEI 50: Vocabulaire Electrotechnique Inter-national (VEI), qui se prsente sous forme de chapitresspars traitant chacun dun sujet dfini. Des dtailscomplets sur le VEI peuvent tre obtenus sur demande.Voir galement le dictionnaire multilingue de la CEI.Les

6、termes et dfinitions figurant dans la prsente publi-cation ont t soit tirs du VEI, soit spcifiquementapprouvs aux fins de cette publication.Symboles graphiques et littrauxPour les symboles graphiques, les symboles littraux et lessignes dusage gnral approuvs par la CEI, le lecteurconsultera: la CEI 2

7、7: Symboles littraux utiliser enlectrotechnique; la CEI 417: Symboles graphiques utilisablessur le matriel. Index, relev et compilation desfeuilles individuelles; la CEI 617: Symboles graphiques pourschmas;et pour les appareils lectromdicaux, la CEI 878: Symboles graphiques pourquipements lectriques

8、 en pratique mdicale.Les symboles et signes contenus dans la prsente publi-cation ont t soit tirs de la CEI 27, de la CEI 417, de laCEI 617 et/ou de la CEI 878, soit spcifiquement approuvsaux fins de cette publication.Publications de la CEI tablies par lemme comit dtudesLattention du lecteur est att

9、ire sur les listes figurant la finde cette publication, qui numrent les publications de laCEI prpares par le comit dtudes qui a tabli laprsente publication.Validity of this publicationThe technical content of IEC publications is kept underconstant review by the IEC, thus ensuring that the contentref

10、lects current technology.Information relating to the date of the reconfirmation of thepublication is available from the IEC Central Office.Information on the revision work, the issue of revisededitions and amendments may be obtained from IECNational Committees and from the following IECsources: IEC

11、Bulletin IEC YearbookPublished yearly Catalogue of IEC publicationsPublished yearly with regular updatesTerminologyFor general terminology, readers are referred to IEC 50:International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV), which isissued in the form of separate chapters each dealingwith a specific fiel

12、d. Full details of the IEV will besupplied on request. See also the IEC MultilingualDictionary.The terms and definitions contained in the present publi-cation have either been taken from the IEV or have beenspecifically approved for the purpose of this publication.Graphical and letter symbolsFor gra

13、phical symbols, and letter symbols and signsapproved by the IEC for general use, readers are referred topublications: IEC 27: Letter symbols to be used in electricaltechnology; IEC 417: Graphical symbols for use onequipment. Index, survey and compilation of thesingle sheets; IEC 617: Graphical symbo

14、ls for diagrams;and for medical electrical equipment, IEC 878: Graphical symbols for electromedicalequipment in medical practice.The symbols and signs contained in the present publicationhave either been taken from IEC 27, IEC 417, IEC 617and/or IEC 878, or have been specifically approved for thepur

15、pose of this publication.IEC publications prepared by the sametechnical committeeThe attention of readers is drawn to the end pages of thispublication which list the IEC publications issued by thetechnical committee which has prepared the presentpublication.Copyright International Electrotechnical C

16、ommission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-RAPPORTTECHNIQUE TYPE 2CEIIECTECHNICALREPORT TYPE 21438Premire ditionFirst edition1996-12 CEI 1996 Droits de reproduction rservs Copyright - all rights reservedAucune pa

17、rtie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite niutilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procd,lectronique ou mcanique, y compris la photocopie et lesmicrofilms, sans laccord crit de lditeur.No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilizedin any form or by any means, electroni

18、c or mechanical,including photocopying and microfilm, without permissionin writing from the publisherBureau central de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale 3, rue de Varemb Genve, SuisseCommission Electrotechnique InternationaleInternational Electrotechnical CommissionCODE PRIXPRICE CODEPou

19、r prix, voir catalogue en vigueurFor price, see current catalogueQRisques potentiels pour la sant et la scuritlis lemploi des accumulateurs alcalins Guide lusage des fabricants dquipementset des utilisateursPossible safety and health hazards in the useof alkaline secondary cells and batteries Guide

20、to equipment manufacturers and usersCopyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,- 2 1438 CEI:1996SOMMAIREPagesAVANT-PROPOS 4INTRODUCTION. 8Articles1 Domaine dapplication 10

21、2 Rfrences normatives. 103 Dfinitions 124 Conseils gnraux de scurit 125 Risques dexplosion 126 Rupture sous pression 187 Brlures chimiques (dues llectrolyte). 228 Risques lis des niveaux dnergie levs . 249 Niveaux de tension levs (chocs lectriques) 2610 Emballement thermique 2611 Mise au rebut limin

22、ation. 2812 Autres recommandations 30Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-1438 IEC:1996 3 CONTENTSPageFOREWORD. 5INTRODUCTION. 9Clause1 Scope. 112 Normative referen

23、ces . 113 Definitions 134 General safety advice. 135 Explosion hazards 136 Pressure rupture 197 Chemical burns (electrolyte) . 238 High power level hazard . 259 High voltage levels (shock). 2710 Thermal runaway 2711 Disposal . 2912 Other recommendations . 31Copyright International Electrotechnical C

24、ommission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,- 4 1438 CEI:1996COMMISSION LECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE_RISQUES POTENTIELS POUR LA SANT ET LA SCURITLIS LEMPLOI DES ACCUMULATEURS ALCALINS GUIDE LUSAGE DES FABRICANTS

25、DQUIPEMENTSET DES UTILISATEURSAVANT-PROPOS1) La CEI (Commission Electrotechnique Internationale) est une organisation mondiale de normalisationcompose de lensemble des comits lectrotechniques nationaux (Comits nationaux de la CEI). La CEI apour objet de favoriser la coopration internationale pour to

26、utes les questions de normalisation dans lesdomaines de llectricit et de llectronique. A cet effet, la CEI, entre autres activits, publie des NormesInternationales. Leur laboration est confie des comits dtudes, aux travaux desquels tout Comitnational intress par le sujet trait peut participer. Les o

27、rganisations internationales, gouvernementales etnon gouvernementales, en liaison avec la CEI, participent galement aux travaux. La CEI collaboretroitement avec lOrganisation Internationale de Normalisation (ISO), selon des conditions fixes par accordentre les deux organisations.2) Les dcisions ou a

28、ccords officiels de la CEI concernant les questions techniques, reprsentent, dans lamesure du possible un accord international sur les sujets tudis, tant donn que les Comits nationauxintresss sont reprsents dans chaque comit dtudes.3) Les documents produits se prsentent sous la forme de recommandati

29、ons internationales. Ils sont publiscomme normes, rapports techniques ou guides et agrs comme tels par les Comits nationaux.4) Dans le but dencourager lunification internationale, les Comits nationaux de la CEI sengagent appliquerde faon transparente, dans toute la mesure possible, les Normes intern

30、ationales de la CEI dans leurs normesnationales et rgionales. Toute divergence entre la norme de la CEI et la norme nationale ou rgionalecorrespondante doit tre indique en termes clairs dans cette dernire.5) La CEI na fix aucune procdure concernant le marquage comme indication dapprobation et saresp

31、onsabilit nest pas engage quand un matriel est dclar conforme lune de ses normes.6) Lattention est attire sur le fait que certains des lments de la prsente Norme internationale peuvent fairelobjet de droits de proprit intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. La CEI ne saurait tre tenue pourresponsable

32、 de ne pas avoir identifi de tels droits de proprit et de ne pas avoir signal leur existence.La tche principale des comits dtudes de la CEI est dlaborer des Normes internationales.Exceptionnellement, un comit dtudes peut proposer la publication dun rapport technique delun des types suivants: type 1,

33、 lorsque, en dpit de maints efforts, laccord requis ne peut tre ralis en faveurde la publication dune Norme internationale; type 2, lorsque le sujet en question est encore en cours de dveloppement technique oulorsque, pour une raison quelconque, la possibilit dun accord pour la publication duneNorme

34、 internationale peut tre envisage pour lavenir mais pas dans limmdiat; type 3, lorsquun comit dtudes a runi des donnes de nature diffrente de celles quisont normalement publies comme Normes internationales, cela pouvant comprendre, parexemple, des informations sur ltat de la technique.Les rapports t

35、echniques de type 1 et 2 font lobjet dun nouvel examen trois ans au plus tardaprs leur publication afin de dcider ventuellement de leur transformation en Normesinternationales. Les rapports techniques de type 3 ne doivent pas ncessairement tre rvissavant que les donnes quils contiennent ne soient pl

36、us juges valables ou utiles.Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-1438 IEC:1996 5 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION_POSSIBLE SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS IN THE

37、 USEOF ALKALINE SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES GUIDE TO EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS AND USERSFOREWORD1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardizationcomprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC i

38、s topromote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronicfields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Theirpreparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee int

39、erested in the subject dealtwith may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizationsliaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the InternationalOrganization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance

40、 with conditions determined by agreement between thetwo organizations.2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, aninternational consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representationfrom all interest

41、ed National Committees.3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in theform of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in thatsense.4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National

42、Committees undertake to apply IEC InternationalStandards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Anydivergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearlyindicated in the latter.5) The IEC provides no ma

43、rking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for anyequipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be thesubject of patent rights. The IEC shall not

44、be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Inexceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technicalreport of one of the following types: type 1, when the requi

45、red support cannot be obtained for the publication of anInternational Standard, despite repeated efforts; type 2, when the subject is still under technical development or where for any otherreason there is the future but not immediate possibility of an agreement on an InternationalStandard; type 3,

46、when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that whichis normally published as an International Standard, for example “state of the art“.Technical reports of types 1 and 2 are subject to review within three years of publication todecide whether they can be transformed into

47、 International Standards. Technical reports oftype 3 do not necessarily have to be reviewed until the data they provide are considered to beno longer valid or useful.Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking

48、permitted without license from IHS-,-,- 6 1438 CEI:1996La CEI 1438, rapport technique de type 2, a t tablie par le sous-comit 21A: Accumulateursalcalins et autres accumulateurs lectrolyte non acide, du comit dtudes 21 de la CEI:Accumulateurs.Le texte de ce rapport technique est issu des documents suivants:Projet de comit Rapport de vote21A/185A/CDV 21A/201/RVC