IEC 62281-2016 Safety of primary and secondary lithium cells and batteries during transport《运输途中原电池和二次锂电池及蓄电池组的安全性》.pdf

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1、 IEC 62281 Edition 3.0 2016-12 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Safety of primary and secondary lithium cells and batteries during transport Scurit des piles et des accumulateurs au lithium pendant le transport IEC 62281:2016-12(en-fr) THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 201

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19、tions contactez-nous: csciec.ch. IEC 62281 Edition 3.0 2016-12 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Safety of primary and secondary lithium cells and batteries during transport Scurit des piles et des accumulateurs au lithium pendant le transport INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMM

20、ISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE ICS 29.220.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-3773-1 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. Attent

21、ion! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agr. 2 IEC 62281:2016 IEC 2016 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 INTRODUCTION . 6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms and definitions 7 4 Requirements for safety . 10 4.1 General considerations . 10 4.2 Quality plan 11

22、4.3 Packaging . 11 5 Type testing, sampling and re-testing 11 5.1 Type testing 11 5.2 Overcharge protection 12 5.3 Battery assemblies 12 5.3.1 General . 12 5.3.2 Small battery assemblies . 12 5.3.3 Large battery assemblies . 12 5.4 Sampling. 12 5.5 Re-testing . 13 6 Test methods and requirements . 1

23、3 6.1 General . 13 6.1.1 Cautionary notice. 13 6.1.2 Ambient temperature . 14 6.1.3 Parameter measurement tolerances 14 6.1.4 Pre-discharge and pre-cycling . 14 6.2 Evaluation of test criteria 14 6.2.1 Shifting 14 6.2.2 Distortion . 14 6.2.3 Short-circuit . 14 6.2.4 Excessive temperature rise 14 6.2

24、.5 Leakage 14 6.2.6 Venting 15 6.2.7 Fire 15 6.2.8 Rupture . 15 6.2.9 Explosion . 15 6.3 Tests and requirements Overview 15 6.4 Transport tests 16 6.4.1 Test T-1: Altitude . 16 6.4.2 Test T-2: Thermal cycling 16 6.4.3 Test T-3: Vibration . 17 6.4.4 Test T-4: Shock . 17 6.4.5 Test T-5: External short

25、-circuit . 18 6.4.6 Test T-6: Impact/crush . 19 6.5 Misuse tests 21 6.5.1 Test T-7: Overcharge . 21 6.5.2 Test T-8: Forced discharge 21 6.6 Packaging test Test P-1: Drop test . 21 IEC 62281:2016 IEC 2016 3 6.7 Information to be given in the relevant specification 22 6.8 Test report 22 6.9 Transport

26、certificate 23 7 Information for safety . 23 7.1 Packaging . 23 7.2 Handling of battery cartons . 23 7.3 Transport 23 7.3.1 General . 23 7.3.2 Air transport. 23 7.3.3 Sea transport . 23 7.3.4 Land transport . 23 7.3.5 Classification . 23 7.4 Display and storage 24 8 Instructions for packaging and ha

27、ndling during transport Quarantine 24 9 Marking . 24 9.1 Marking of primary and secondary (rechargeable) cells and batteries . 24 9.2 Marking of the packaging and shipping documents . 24 Annex A (informative) Shock test adjustment of acceleration for large batteries 25 A.1 General . 25 A.2 Shock ene

28、rgy depends on mass, acceleration, and pulse duration 25 A.3 The constant acceleration approach 26 A.4 The constant energy approach 26 Bibliography 28 Figure 1 Example of a test set-up for the impact test 20 Figure A.1 Half sine shock for batteries (constant peak acceleration) . 26 Figure A.2 Half s

29、ine shock for batteries (constant energy) . 27 Table 1 Number of primary test cells and batteries for type testing 12 Table 2 Number of secondary test cells and batteries for type testing 13 Table 3 Number of packages with primary or secondary test cells and batteries. 13 Table 4 Mass loss limits .

30、15 Table 5 Transport and packaging tests and requirements 16 Table 6 Vibration profile (sinusoidal) 17 Table 7 Shock parameters . 18 4 IEC 62281:2016 IEC 2016 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ SAFETY OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LITHIUM CELLS AND BATTERIES DURING TRANSPORT FOREWORD 1) The Inte

31、rnational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and elec

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40、eliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of th

41、e elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 62281 has been prepared jointly by IEC technical committee 35: Primary cells and batteries and subcommittee 21A: Seconda

42、ry cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes, of IEC technical committee 21: Secondary cells and batteries. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition, published in 2012, and constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significan

43、t technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) Deletion of the wire mesh screen from the evaluation of test criteria for an explosion; b) Extension / modification of the shock test parameters so as to achieve constant energy behaviour for large batteries as well as explanations in a ne

44、w Annex A; c) Modification of the external short-circuit method so as to allow the short-circuit to be applied to large batteries after they have been removed from the temperature chamber; IEC 62281:2016 IEC 2016 5 d) Change of the cell diameter distinguishing between impact and crush test from 20 m

45、m to 18 mm; e) Addition of possible content for a transport certificate. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 35/1370/FDIS 35/1371/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in the report on voting i

46、ndicated in the above table. This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to

47、 the specific document. At this date, the document will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of i

48、ts contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. 6 IEC 62281:2016 IEC 2016 INTRODUCTION Primary lithium cells and batteries were first introduced in military applications in the 1970s. At that time, little commercial interest and no industrial standards existed. Conseq

49、uently, the United Nations (UN) Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, although usually referring to industrial standards for testing and criteria, introduced a sub-section in the Manual of tests and criteria concerning safety tests relevant to transport of primary lithium cells and batteries. Meanwhile, commercial interest in primary and secondary (rechargeable) lithium cells and batteries has grown a