（江苏专用）2020版高考英语新增分大一轮复习语法专题全辑专题二动词和动词短语课件牛津译林版.ppt

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1、,Grammar,专题二 动词和动词短语,PART 1,高频考点清单,PART 2,重温高考真题,PART 3,热考点集训,PART1,高频考点清单,动词的辨析,动词包括连系动词、及物动词和不及物动词、持续性动词与非持续性动词，是高考考查的重点，无论是单项填空还是完形填空等题型中，动词辨析的比重都很大，并有逐年增加的趋势。动词辨析主要指： 1.词形相近的动词之间的辨析。如：lie，lay；rise，raise；sit，seat等。 2.意义相近的动词之间的辨析。如：borrow，lend；speak，say，talk；hope，wish等。 3.动词与其他词形相近、意义相似的词的辨析。如：ad

2、vise，advice；cost，worth；pass，past 等。,4.意义不同但容易混淆的动词的辨析。如：explain，say；discover，invent；uncover，find等。 5.某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨析。如：ask，give，call，make，get，keep，want，see，hear等。 6.某些常用动词短语的辨析。如：give in，give up；turn on，turn off，turn down，turn up等。,题组训练1 选词填空 A. 1.William found it increasingly difficult to read，for h

3、is eyesight was beginning to . 2.If you dont like the drink you just leave it and try a different one. 3.Mary，I John of his promise to help you. 4.Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful，but they may also our thinking. 5.The government refuses to with terrorists.,查看答案,fail,o

4、rdered,reminded,limit,remind，negotiate，fail，limit，order,negotiate,B. 6.Clinical evidence began to ，suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals. 7.Are you still mad at her? Not really，but I cant that her remarks hurt me. 8.I

5、d prefer to my judgment until I find all the evidence. 9.You are old enough to your own living. 10.I a bank account after I made $1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.,查看答案,accumulate,deny,reserve,earn,open，accumulate，reserve，earn，deny,opened,动词短语的核心考点,动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。需掌握

6、以下要点： 1.根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。 (1)动词副词(不及物) Tom turned up after the party when everyone had left. (2)动词副词(及物) Please turn every light in the house off. 注意：如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。 She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。 She gave them away.,(3)动词介词(及物) You should learn

7、to care about others. 注意：当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。 (4)动词副词介词 I look forward to seeing you soon. 注意：“动词介词”、“动词名词副词”、“动词副词介词”，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可漏掉介词。 In this way both grain and vegetables can be well looked after. (不能漏掉after),2.熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的差异。 (1)同一动词和不同介词搭配时意义上的差异。 hear from收到的来信

8、 hear of听说 look after照料 look at看 look for寻找 (2)同一动词和不同副词搭配时意义上的差异。 ring back回电话 ring off挂断电话 ring up打电话 put away放好，收起 put on穿上；上演 put up挂起；举起,(3)不同动词和同一介词搭配时意义上的差异。 look for寻找 ask for请求 wait for等候 send for派人去叫 (4)不同动词和同一副词搭配时意义上的差异。 break out发生；爆发 carry out进行；开展go out熄灭 hand out分发let out放出 look out当

9、心sell out卖完 set out出发take out取出 work out算出,break down坏了 come down落下来get down下车 take down取下write down写下,题组训练2 短语填空 A. 1.I can the house being untidy，but I hate it if its not clean. 2.We aim to the cost of daily life. 3.They are broadening the bridge to the flow of traffic. 4.You cant predict everythi

10、ng. Often things dont as you expect.,查看答案,put up with,bring down,speed up,work out,speed up，work out，put up with，bring down,B. 5.You look upset. Whats the matter? I had my proposal again. 6.If you faults but you still want the bicycle，ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. 7.He decided that he

11、would drive all the way home instead of at a hotel for the night. 8.Born into a family with three brothers，David was to value the sense of sharing.,查看答案,turned down,care about,putting up,brought up,care about，bring up，turn down，put up,C. 9.To get a better grade，you should the notes again before the

12、test. 10.I often the words I dont know in the dictionary or on the Internet. 11.She an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store. 12.Some insects the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.,查看答案,go over,look up,came across,take on,take on，go over，come acr

13、oss，look up,易错易混点,1.rise和raise：rise是不及物动词，其过去式是rose，过去分词是risen，而raise是及物动词，是规则动词。 2.hang的用法：hang有两个意思：一为“悬挂”，是不规则动词，过去式、过去分词都是hung；二为“绞刑”，是规则动词，其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。 3.sit与seat：seat为及物动词时作“容纳”讲，sit只是表示一个动作；seat表示“就座”时要用be seated 或用seat oneself。如：They were seated at their desks.或I seated myself in the a

14、rmchair.,4.win与beat：win作“胜、赢”讲时其后应接a game，an argument，a battle，a prize，a contest，a race，a bet等，但不能接人，如果接人则有另外的含义。如：I have won him.即“我已说服他了，我赢得了他的好感。”而beat是及物动词，意为“击败、胜过”，直接接人、队。 5.lost，gone与missing：作补足语时意为“丢失、不见了”，可以用lost，gone，但要用miss时则不能用missed，而要用missing。,PART2,重温高考真题,1.Kids shouldnt have access t

15、o violent films because they might the things they see.(2018江苏，22) A.indicate B.investigate C.imitate D.innovate,答案,解析,解析 句意为：孩子们不应该有机会接触暴力电影，因为他们可能会模仿(imitate)他们看到的东西。imitate模仿，符合语境。indicate表明，暗示；investigate调查；innovate创新，改革。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,2.Developing the Yangtz

16、e River Economic Belt is a systematic project which a clear road map and timetable.(2018江苏，25) A.calls for B.calls on C.calls off D.calls up,答案,解析,解析 句意为：发展长江经济带是一个系统化项目，该项目要求(call for)有清晰的路线图和时间表。call for要求，需要；call on拜访，号召；call off取消；call up打电话。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,3.

17、At first Robert wouldnt let his daughter go diving，but eventually he as she was so confident about her skills.(2018天津，3) A.gave in B.dressed up C.broke in D.turned up,答案,解析,解析 句意为：起初罗伯特不让他的女儿去潜水，但最终他让步了，因为她对自己的技术如此自信。give in意为“屈服，让步”，符合语境，故选A。dress up穿得正式，装扮；break in破门而入，打断；turn up调高(音量、热量等)，(突然)出现，

18、露面。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,4.It took him a long time to the skills he needed to become a good dancer. (2018天津，8) A.display B.acquire C.teach D.test,答案,解析,解析 句意为：他花了很长时间才获得成为一名优秀的舞蹈家所需要的技能。acquire意为“获得，学到”，符合语境，故选B。display展示；teach教；test测试。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,

19、15,16,17,18,19,20,5.A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _ your year ahead.(2017江苏，30) A.shape B.switch C.stretch D.sharpen,答案,解析,解析 句意为：到了年底，快速回顾一下自己的成功和失败，这会有助于你为未来的一年做好规划。shape影响(某事物的发展)，符合语境。switch转换，转变；stretch变大，拉长；sharpen使变锋利，使增强。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,

20、14,15,16,17,18,19,20,6.Working with the medical team in Africa has the best in her as a doctor. (2017江苏，25) A.held out B.brought out C.picked out D.given out,答案,解析,解析 句意为：在非洲与医疗队的合作使她作为一名医生的最佳素质彰显了出来。hold out伸出，坚持；bring out使显现，使表现出；pick out挑选出，辨认出；give out分发，发出。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,1

21、6,17,18,19,20,7.Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter ，get married，and have kids.(2017天津，5) A.settle down B.keep off C.get up D.cut in,答案,解析,解析 句意为：布朗夫妇希望看到女儿安顿下来(settle down)，结婚成家，生儿育女。keep off使避开，不接近；get up起床，站起来；cut in插嘴，打断别人说话。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,8.Mar

22、y was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she_ her opinion on the subject.(2016天津，8) A.gave voice to B.kept an eye on C.turned a deaf ear to D.set foot on,答案,解析,解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：玛丽在讨论初期保持了沉默，但最终还是提出了对这一话题的看法。give voice to意为“表达对的想法”，符合语境。keep an eye on照看，留意；turn a deaf ear to对充耳

23、不闻；set foot on进入，参观。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,9.Im going to advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle. (2016天津，12) A.put B.make C.take D.give,答案,解析,解析 考查固定搭配。句意为：我打算利用这次观光机会来探索这座城堡的历史。take advantage of是固定搭配，意为“利用”，符合语境，故选C项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,1

24、4,15,16,17,18,19,20,10.I hate it when she calls me at workIm always too busy to a conversation with her.(2016天津，14) A.carry on B.break into C.turn down D.cut off,答案,解析,解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：我讨厌工作时她给我打电话我一直很忙，没时间与她进行谈话。carry on意为“进行，继续”，符合语境。break into打断，闯入；turn down调低，拒绝；cut off停止，中断。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10

25、,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,11.He did not easily，but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.(2016江苏，25) A.approach B.wrestle C.compromise D.communicate,答案,解析,解析 考查动词词义辨析。句意为：他不轻易妥协，但他很乐意接受对一项崇高事业的任何建设性的建议。compromise妥协，符合句意。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19

26、,20,12.We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than us.(2016浙江，8) A.divide B.reject C.control D.abandon,答案,解析,解析 考查动词辨析。句意为：当我们学会求同存异，而非对立分歧时，我们会收获颇多。divide分开；reject拒绝；control控制；abandon放弃，抛弃。根据句意可知选A。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,13.Studies have s

27、hown that the right and left ear sound differently.(2015浙江，5) A.produce B.pronounce C.process D.download,答案,解析,解析 考查动词辨析。句意为：研究表明左右耳处理声音的方式不同。process加工，处理，符合语境。produce生产，制作，创作；pronounce发音；download下载。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,14.If you come to visit China，you will a culture

28、of amazing depth and variety.(2015安徽，22) A.develop B.create C.substitute D.experience,答案,解析,解析 考查动词辨析。句意为：如果你来访问中国，你将体验到具有惊人的深度和多样性的文化。develop开发；create创造；substitute替代；experience经历，体验。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,15.The team are working hard to the problem so that they can find

29、 the best solution.(2015湖北，23) A.face B.prevent C.raise D.analyze,答案,解析,解析 句意为：这个团队正在努力 这个问题，以便他们能找到最好的解决方法。根据题干中的find the best solution可知，在找到最好的解决方法之前应该是先努力“分析(analyze)”问题。face面对；prevent阻止；raise提高。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,16.In order not to be heard，she pointed her finger

30、 upwards to that someone was moving about upstairs.(2015湖北，24) A.whisper B.signal C.declare D.complain,答案,解析,解析 句意为：为了不让别人听到自己的声音，她竖起手指示意有人正在楼上走动。根据题干中的pointed her finger upwards可知，她只是竖起手指示意，并没有出声。signal意为“示意”，所以答案选B项。whisper低语；declare宣布；complain抱怨。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20

31、,17.Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to to their greatest potential.(2015江苏，22) A.accelerate B.improve C.perform D.develop,答案,解析,解析 考查动词辨析。句意为：学校应该是鼓励个人发展他们最大潜力的、充满活力的地方。accelerate加速；improve改善；perform执行；develop发展。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,18.

32、See，your computer has broken down again！It doesnt sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.(2015天津，14) A.have B.make C.display D.bring,答案,解析,解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：看，你的电脑又坏了！仅为了节省几美元而买最便宜品牌的电脑不明智。固定表达make sense意为“是明智的，合乎情理的”，符合语境。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,1

33、9,20,19.Tom had to the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.(2015天津，10) A.turn in B.turn down C.turn over D.turn to,答案,解析,解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：因为太忙，上周末汤姆不得不拒绝了聚会的邀请。turn down拒绝，符合语境。turn in上交；turn over (使)翻转，调转；turn to (使)转向，求助于。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,

34、20.Body language can a lot about your mood，so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.(2015浙江，7) A.take away B.throw away C.put away D.give away,答案,解析,解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：身势语能够清楚地泄露出你的情绪，因此双臂交叉站着则表示你正在防御。give away泄露，符合语境。take away拿开，拿走；throw away扔掉；put away收起来，放

35、好，储存。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,PART3,热考点集训,1.We solving international dispute by negotiation，instead of appealing to arms.(2018全国大联考江苏卷，26) A.advocate B.admit C.assess D.approach,答案,解析,解析 句意为：我们提倡靠协商解决国际争端，而不是诉诸武力。advocate提倡；admit承认；assess评估，评价；approach靠近，接近。故选 A。,1,2,3,4,5

36、,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,2.I used to quarrel a lot with my parents，but now we fine. A.look out B.stay up C.carry on D.get along,答案,解析,解析 句意为：我过去经常和父母争吵，但现在我们相处融洽。look out留神，注意；stay up熬夜；carry on继续；get along相处。由句意知D项正确。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,3.North of th

37、e city of Pisa in Italy Leaning Tower of Pisa，designed for vertical construction. A.situates B.locates C.stands D.lies,答案,解析,解析 表示“位于”时，高于周边地区用stand，低于周边地区用lie。A、B项要用被动语态。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,4.My friends thought they had made things very smooth for me，but I felt that

38、there was still much to with.(2018泰州中学高三上期中，28) A.wrestle B.compromise C.associate D.stress,答案,解析,解析 句意为：我的朋友们认为他们为我排除了困难，但我觉得还是有很多事情要应对。wrestle with 全力对付，努力克服。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,5.One can another person without any words.What it takes is a shoulder to cry on and an

39、ear that listens.(2018泰州中学高三上期中，29) A.take advantage of B.spare a thought for C.catch sight of D.reach out to,答案,解析,解析 句意为：一个人可以不用任何言语与另一个人接触，需要的仅仅是一个哭泣时可以依靠的肩膀和一只倾听的耳朵。take advantage of利用； spare a thought for 替着想； catch sight of看见； reach out to 接触。故选D。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,1

40、9,20,6.One factor my weight gain was my love for cooking，especially rich，high-fat desserts，which I enjoyed preparing and of course，eating. A.turning out B.accounting for C.resulting from D.putting on,答案,解析,解析 turn out结果是，证明是；account for导致；result from起因于；put on穿上。句意为：导致我体重增加的一个因素是我热衷于烹饪，喜欢准备，尤其是吃富含高脂

41、肪的甜点。此处表示导致的原因，故选B。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,7.Our city government is building more roads to the increasing number of cars.(2018苏锡常镇二调，22) A.adjust B.accept C.accelerate D.accommodate,答案,解析,解析 句意为：我们的市政府正在建造更多的马路来容纳持续增多的车辆。adjust 调整；accept接受；accelerate调节，加速；accommodate容纳。根据

42、句意选D。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,8.Facebook has recently a string of Facebook groups committed to illegally sharing copyrighted music.(2017南京、盐城一模，22) A.cracked down on B.fallen back on C.kept up with D.got away with,答案,解析,解析 句意为：脸书网最近制裁了一批致力于非法分享受版权保护的音乐的脸书群。crack down on制裁，

43、镇压，打击；fall back on求助于，依靠，依赖；keep up with跟上，紧跟；get away with侥幸成功，逃脱惩罚。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,9.Running a business，no matter where it is started， plentiful market research，consistent integrity and a great deal of discipline. A.clarifies B.involves C.undertakes D.digests,答案

44、,解析,解析 句意为：无论从哪里开始，经营一个公司涉及到大量的市场调研、一贯的诚信和严格的纪律。clarify澄清；involve牵涉，涉及；undertake承担，保证； digest消化。故答案为B。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,10.He could have put pressure on us to adopt his proposal. Yes，but he didnt .(2017苏锡常镇四市一模，25) A.make his way B.get his way C.give his way D.feel

45、his way,答案,解析,解析 句意为：他本可以对我们施加压力来采纳他的提议。是的，但是他并没有为所欲为。make ones way前进，行进；get ones way随心所欲，为所欲为；没有give ones way这种形式，只有give way to “给让路，被所取代”；feel ones way摸索着前进。根据句意选B项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,11.You must bring your insurance card with you when you with a dentist or doctor.

46、 A.register B.interfere C.compromise D.negotiate,答案,解析,解析 句意为：当你向牙医或者医生登记时，你必须带上你的医保卡。register登记，注册，符合语境。interfere干预，干涉；compromise妥协，让步；negotiate协商，磋商。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,12.The concepts in philosophy Jack read have somewhat affected how he_ his daily life.(2018南通、泰州一

47、调，24) A.shrinks from B.pulls through C.compensates for D.goes about,答案,解析,解析 shrink from逃避；pull through渡过难关，恢复健康；compensate for补偿；go about从事，进行(日常的活动)。句意为：杰克读的哲学思想有点影响他进行日常生活的方式。故选D。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,13.Evidence begins to that the earth and the rest of the universe

48、are in fact changing with time.(2018南京高淳区、淮海中学等97校联考，27) A.accumulate B.accelerate C.accompany D.approve,答案,解析,解析 句意为：关于地球和宇宙的其他部分实际上在随着时间而改变的证据开始累积。accumulate累积；accelerate加速；accompany陪伴；approve批准。故选A。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,14.Varieties of magazines and research papers are with the aim of feeding readers appetite for specific knowledge. (2018南通、徐州等七市联考，24) A.put out B.made out C.laid out D.taken out,