BS EN 1176-1-1998 游乐场器材.一般安全要求和试验方法.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1176-1:1998 Incorporating Corrigendum No.1 and Amendments Nos. 1 and 2 Playground equipment Part 1: General safety requirements and test methods The European Standard EN 1176-1:1998, with the incorporation of amendments A1:2002 and A2:2003, has the status of a British Standard

2、 ICS 97.200.40 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Nov 17 05:52:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 1176-1:1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Consumer Products and Services Committee, was published und

3、er the authority of the Standards on 15 December 1998 BSI 6 January 2004 ISBN 0 580 30195 8 National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1176-1:1998, including amendments A1:2002 and A2:2003. Together with BS EN 1176-2 to -6, inclusive, it supersedes BS 5696-1:1997,

4、BS 5696-1:1986 and BS 5696-2:1986, which were withdrawn on 31 December 1998. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !“. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 i

5、s indicated by !“. This standard is intended for playground equipment in public parks, schools, commercial facilities (public houses, restaurants), community areas and shopping areas. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee SW/65, Childrens playground equipment,

6、which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee is given in National annex NA. This standard was produced as a result of European discussions in which the UK actively participated to ensure that the UK knowledge and experience in childrens playground safety sta

7、ndards was fully represented. Annex G of EN 1176-1 applies solely within Germany as a result of their existing national laws and is not to be considered outside that country. Prior to the publication of this standard, the Play Safety Forum convened by the National Playing Fields Association advised

8、the use of BS 5696 or any other equivalent European Standard, making particular reference to the DIN standard 7926 for playground equipment. EN 1176 attempts to take the best that both standards offer and SW/65 considers that this has been achieved. After this standard had been written and approved,

9、 the Health and Safety Executive representative advised Technical Committee SW/65 of the provisions of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and the Management of Health and Safety Regulations 1992. The intention of safety legislation in this country is to maintain or improve health and safety

10、 standards wherever revision offers an opportunity. SW/65 considers that in general EN 1176 and EN 1177 have achieved this. There remain, however, areas where the previous levels of safety in BS 5696 may be considered to be at variance. The Health and Safety Executive may be able to offer further gu

11、idance on this matter. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI

12、Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers

13、 to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a f

14、ront cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 63 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 10417 Corrigendum January 1999 National foreword, first pa

15、ragraph 14216 3 December 2002 See national foreword 14897 6 January 2004 See national foreword Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Nov 17 05:52:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1176-1 June 199

16、8 + A1 March 2002 + A2 April 2003 ICS 97.190; 97.200.40 Descriptors: playgrounds, recreation facilities, toys, communal equipment, safety requirements, hazards, accident prevention, specifications, tests, design, verification, maintenance, marking, technical notices English version Playground equipm

17、ent Part 1: General safety requirements and test methods (includes amendments A1:2002 and A2:2003) Equipement daires de jeux Partie 1: Exigences de scurit et mthodes dessai gnrales (inclut les amendements A1:2002 et A2:2003) Spielplatzgerte Teil 1: Allgemeine sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und

18、Prfverfahren (enthlt nderungen A1:2002 und A2:2003) This European Standard was approved by CENon24May1998. Amendment A1 was approved by CEN on 16 February 2002. Amendment A2 was approved by CEN on 9 January 2003. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipula

19、te the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exis

20、ts in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bod

21、ies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation E

22、uropisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1176-1:1998 + A1:2002 + A2:2003 E Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South

23、 Bank University, Fri Nov 17 05:52:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 1176-1:1998 BSI 6 January 2004 2 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136, Sports, playground and other recreational equipment, the Secretariat of which is held by DIN. This

24、European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 1998. It is not the purpose of the requirements of this pa

25、rt of EN 1176 to affect the childs need to play, or to lessen the contribution that playground equipment makes either to the childs development or play that is meaningful from an educational point of view. This standard consists of a number of parts as follows: EN 1176-1, Playground equipment Part 1

26、: General safety requirements and test methods. EN 1176-2, Playground equipment Part 2: Additional specific safety requirements and test methods for swings. EN 1176-3, Playground equipment Part 3: Additional specific safety requirements and test methods for slides. EN 1176-4, Playground equipment Pa

27、rt 4: Additional specific safety requirements and test methods for runways. prEN 1176-5, Playground equipment Part 5: Additional specific safety requirements and test methods for carousels. EN 1176-6, Playground equipment Part 6: Additional specific safety requirements and test methods for rocking e

28、quipment. EN 1176-7, Playground equipment Part 7: Guidance on installation, inspection, maintenance and operation. and should be read in conjunction with EN 1177 Impact absorbing playground surfacing Safety requirements and test methods. CEN/TC136/SC1 have decided to package EN 1176-1, EN 1176-7 and

29、 EN 1177. The dates of withdrawal (dow) of EN 1176-7 and EN 1177 are being aligned with the dow of EN 1176-1, which will be 6 months after the date of availability. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to impleme

30、nt this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Foreword to amendment A1 This document (EN 1176-1:1998/A1:2002) has been prep

31、ared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136, Sports, playground and other recreational equipment, the Secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2002

32、, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2002. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finlan

33、d, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Foreword to amendment A2 This document (EN 1176-1:1998/A2:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136, Sports, playground and other

34、recreational equipment, the Secretariat of which is held by DIN. This amendment to the European Standard EN 1176-1:1998 shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2003, and conflicting national standards sh

35、all be withdrawn at the latest by October 2003. The purpose of amendment 2 to EN 1176-1:1998 is to modify Clause 4.2.7.2, 4.2.8.1.2, Table 2, Figure 16, Clause 4.2.8.4, 4.2.9.1, A.2.6.1 and Annex A. With resolution 165, CEN/TC 136 agreed to an amendment 2 to EN 1176-1:1998 using the UAP procedure of

36、 4 months. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malt

37、a, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Nov 17 05:52:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 1176-1:1998 BSI 6 January 2004 3 Contents Page Foreword 2 1S c o

38、p e 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Definitions 6 4 Safety requirements 11 4.1 Materials 11 4.1.1 General 11 4.1.2 Flammability 11 4.1.3 Timber and associated products 12 4.1.4 Metals 12 4.1.5 Synthetics 12 4.1.6 Dangerous substances 12 4.2 Design and manufacture 12 4.2.1 General 12 4.2.2 Structural in

39、tegrity 13 4.2.3 Accessibility for adults 13 4.2.4 Protection against falling 13 4.2.5 Finish of equipment 16 4.2.6 Moving parts 16 4.2.7 Protection against entrapment 18 4.2.8 Zones 20 4.2.9 Means of access 26 4.2.10 Connections 28 4.2.11 Consumable components 28 4.2.12 Ropes 28 4.2.13 Chains 29 4.

40、2.14 Foundations 29 5 Test methods and reports 30 6 Information to be provided by the manufacturer/supplier 30 6.1 General product information 30 6.2 Pre-information 30 6.3 Installation information 32 6.4 Inspection and maintenance information 33 7M a r k i n g 3 3 Annex A (normative) Loads 34 A.1 P

41、ermanent loads 34 A.2 Variable loads 34 A.3 Numbers of users on the equipment 37 Annex B (normative) Method of calculation of structural integrity 39 B.1 General principles: Limit state 39 B.2 Load combinations for static analysis 39 B.3 Worked example of the calculation of user loads (without safet

42、y factors) 40 Page B.4 Calculation of forces acting on a swing seat 42 B.5 Worked examples for forces acting on a swing seat (without safety factors) 43 B.6 Calculation of forces acting on the cable of a cableway 45 B.7 Worked example for forces acting on a cableway (without safety factors) 47 Annex

43、 C (normative) Physical testing of structural integrity 48 C.1 Pass/fail criteria 48 C.2 Test load for equipment 49 C.3 Load application 49 C.4 Test report 49 Annex D (normative) Test methods for entrapment 50 D.1 General 50 D.2 Head and neck entrapment 50 D.3 Entrapment of clothing 55 D.4 Finger en

44、trapment 58 Annex E (informative) Spiral and helical stairs 59 Annex F (informative) Overview of possible entrapment situations 61 Annex G (informative) A-deviations 62 Figure 1 Minimum space 7 Figure 2 Example of a ladder 9 Figure 3 Example of stairs 10 Figure 4 Example of a ramp 10 Figure 5 Grip 1

45、1 Figure 6 Grasp 11 Figure 7 Example of removal of that part of the user load which causes a favourable effect 14 Figure 8 Protection against falling 14 Figure 9 Guidance on measurement of height of handrail above standing surface 15 Figure 10 Examples of protection for nuts and bolts 17 Figure 11 D

46、iagram showing included surface gap limit of 30 mm 19 Figure 12 Determination of the free space; example of a slide 21 Figure 13 Cylindrical space 21 Figure 14 Extent of the impact area 22 Figure 15 Example of falling space of a platform 23 Figure 16 Example of falling space of a firemans pole 24 Fi

47、gure 17 Examples showing free height of fall 27 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Nov 17 05:52:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 1176-1:1998 BSI 6 January 2004 4 Page Figure 18 Unexpected obstacles 28 Figure 19 Examples of ferrules, turnbuck

48、les and double-lug head fittings 31 Figure 20 Example of foundations 32 Figure B.1 Platform with ladder 41 Figure B.2 Loads acting on swing 43 Figure B.3 Single point swing 44 Figure B.4 Deflection of a cableway 46 Figure D.1 Probes for determination of head and neck entrapment in completely bound o

49、penings 50 Figure D.2 Test template for assessment of head and neck entrapment in partially bound and V-shaped openings 52 Figure D.3 Method of insertion of the “B” portion of the test template 53 Figure D.4 Method of insertion of the “A” portion of the test template 54 Figure D.5 Test device 55 Figure D.6 Position of the test device 56 Figure D.7 Position of the test device on firemans