2018_2019版高中英语Unit4CyberspacePeriodSixGrammar.doc

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1、1Period Six Grammar & Writing单元语法Predictions will and be going to，First Conditional &Second Conditional用所给词的正确形式填空1.They are going(go) to climb Mount Qomolangma one day.2.There will be(be) a strong wind in a few days.3.If we had virtual reality holidays，we wouldnt have(not，have) any problems with th

2、e weather.4.Well，if they invented virtual reality holidays，I would go(go) on an around-the-world tour.5.If I were(be) you，I would choose to work in a small town.will 和 be going to 用法比较1.两者都可以表示预测将要发生的事。be going to强调从目前的证据或迹象表明可能发生某事；而 will则表示依据直觉、知识、经验等做出的揣测。I told you to come early.Youre going to h

3、ave trouble.我告诉过你要早来。你要有麻烦了。There will be a day when all computers in the world break down.将来有一天世界上所有的计算机会全部出故障。2.两者都用来表示意图。但 be going to do sth. 强调“打算”和“意向” ；而 will强调“意愿、愿望”和“意志” 。I am not going to argue with you tonight.今晚我不想同你争辩。I wont tell you about it.我不会把此事告诉你。3.be going to表示事先考虑的事；而 will则并没有经

4、过事先考虑，是即时的决定。此时，两者不能互换使用。2Why are you taking down all the pictures?Im going to repair the room.你为什么把画都取下来了？我打算修房子。Where is the telephone book?Ill get it for you.电话簿在哪里？我去给你拿。4.be going to可用于条件状语从句中，表示将来时间；而 will用于条件状语从句时，不是表示将来时间，而是表“意愿、拒绝、坚持或推论” 。will 还可以表示“请求、邀请” 。If youre going to play tennis thi

5、s afternoon，youd better get your shoes cleaned.如果今天下午打算打网球，你最好把鞋擦好。If he will listen to me，Ill give him some advice.如果他乐意听我的，我就会给他提些建议。.条件句条件句(Conditional)是由“条件状语从句主句”构成的复合句，分为真实条件句和虚拟条件句。一、真实条件句1.真实条件句用陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中 if是“如果”的意思。条件状语从句主句 意义一般现在时shall/will动词原形未来可能发生的情况一般现在时祈使句 用于向某人提出建议、命令。一般现在时一般

6、现在时 表示根据条件，经常或总是会发生的事或者真理。If it rains tomorrow，we wont have the sports meeting.如果明天下雨的话，我们就不举行运动会了。If you know the answer，put up your hands please.如果你们知道答案，请举手。If lions are hungry，they hunt other animals.3如果狮子饿了，它们就猎食其他动物。2.在真实条件句中，有时也可用“unless一般现在时”谈论现在和未来要发生的事。此时unless相当于 if.not.，但并不是任何时候它们都能互换，特别

7、是当从句的动作或事情不发生，主句的情况才能发生时，只能用 if.not.。You will not succeed unless you work hard.You will not succeed if you dont work hard.除非你努力工作，否则你就不会成功。I will be surprised if he doesnt have an accident.他要是不出事，我倒会感到奇怪。(不可用 unless)二、非真实条件句非真实条件句用虚拟语气，if 引导的非真实条件句，可以表示过去、现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态前移。时间 条件状语从句 主句与现在事实相反If主语

8、did/were主语would/could/might/should动词原形与过去事实相反If主语had done/been主语would/could/might/shouldhave done/been与将来事实相反If主语didIf主语were to doIf主语shoulddo/be主语would/could/might/should动词原形If I had time，I would certainly join you in the tennis match.我要是有时间肯定和你一起打这场网球比赛。(事实是：我没有时间)If he had taken my advice，he migh

9、t not have made such a bad mistake.要是他听进了我的劝告就不会犯这么严重的错误了。(事实是：他没有听我的建议)三、其他情况的条件句1.省略 if的非真实条件句条件句中有 were，had，should 时，可把 if省略，而把 were，had，should 放在主语前，构成倒装结构，这种结构主要用于书面语中。Were it necessary，I might resign.如果必要的话，我可以辞职。4Had you informed me earlier，I wouldnt have signed the contract.要是你早点告诉我的话，我是不会签那

10、份合同的。Should it rain tomorrow，we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.如果明天下雨，我们就得推迟参观杨浦大桥。2.错综时间条件句在这种虚拟语气中，主句和从句的动作发生的时间不一致。因此，主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式。If I were you，I wouldnt have missed the film last night.(从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反)如果我是你，我不会错过昨晚那场电影。If they had started in the ear

11、ly morning，they would arrive in half an hour.(从句与过去事实相反，主句与将来事实相反)要是他们一大早就出发的话，再过半小时就该到了。If you had asked him when you saw him last time，you would know what to do now.(从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反)如果上次你看到他时问他一下，现在就知道该怎么做了。3.含蓄条件句不是用条件句而是由介词短语(without 没有，but for要不是)、连词(but 但是)、副词(otherwise否则)等或上下文来表示某种假设的情况。W

12、ithout electricity，life would be totally different today.没有电，今天的生活就完全不一样了。4.wish引导的宾语从句在 wish后的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气，从句用一般过去时，表示与现在事实相反的虚拟；用过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟；用“would/could动词原形”表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。He wishes he were as tall as Yao Ming.他希望和姚明一样高。5.某些词后的宾语从句在 suggest(建议)，advise，order，demand(命令)，request，require，desire

13、(要求)和insist(坚决要求)之后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should动词原形” ，其中 should可以省略。Our English teacher suggests that we (should) do more English exercises.我们的英语老师建议我们多做英语练习。56.其他句式中的虚拟语气句式 动词形式 意义It is high/about time that.过去式或“should动词原形” 现在该；是的时候了。过去式(表示与现在或将来事实相反的情况)I would rather that. 过去完成式(表示与过去事实相反的情况)但愿；宁愿过去式(表示与现在

14、或将来事实相反的情况)If only. 过去完成式(表示与过去事实相反的情况)那就好了；该多好。.用所给词的正确形式填空1.If the new safety system had been put(put) to use，the accident would never have happened.(2017北京)2.Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes.Otherwise，I wouldnt have been(not，be) able to reach her yesterday.(2017天津)3.Were(be) it not for the sup

15、port of the teachers，the student could not overcome her difficulty.(2017江苏)4.Had the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDS-related deaths wouldnt have fallen (not，fall) since their highest in 2005.(2016浙江)5.Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you had told(tell) me，I

16、could have helped.(2016北京)6.If it had not been(not，be) for his invitation the other day，I should not be here now.(2016江苏)7.I was wearing a seatbelt.If I hadnt been wearing one，I would have been injured(injure).(2016天津)68.As you go through this book，you will find(find) that each of the millions of pe

17、ople who lived through World Warhad a different experience.(2015湖南)9.If I hadnt seen(not， see) it with my own eyes，I wouldnt have believed it.(2015北京)10.It might have saved me some trouble had I known(know) the schedule.(2015江苏)11.It is lucky we booked a room，or we would have(have) nowhere to stay n

18、ow.(2015安徽)12.Without his wartime experiences，Hemingway wouldnt have written(not，write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.(2015重庆).单句改错(每小题仅有 1处错误)1.If you me，would you talk to them？(2015四川，短文改错)arewere2.We would be grateful you could join us that day.(2008宁夏，短文改错)whenif.用 will或 be going to的正确形式填空

19、1.Whats Jane doing these days?Shes studying medicine.She is going to be a doctor.2.This car is making a funny noise.Yes，it is going to break down at any moment.3.Im having next week off，so I will see you the week after.OK.Have a nice break.4.Your brother is always reading computer magazines.He is go

20、ing to buy a new computer，so he needs to find out about all the latest models.5.Would you like something to drink?Er，I will have a cola，please.6.Whats the matter?Quick! The ladder is going to fall!.用所给动词的正确形式填空7.Without air，no one would/could live(live).8.Mr Green demanded that Rose (should) leave(l

21、eave) class before nine.9.I dont know the word.If I knew(know) the meaning of it，I wouldnt have to 7look it up.10.If I should see him tomorrow，I would/could/should/might invite(invite) him home.11.He wishes he would/could become(become) a scientist some day.12.The smile on his face suggested that he

22、 agreed(agree) to this plan.13.Id rather she came(come) tomorrow.14.Should it rain(rain) tomorrow，we would have to put off the visit to the Water Cube.短文改错(2018吉林延边二中高一上检测)The summer holiday is coming，that makes me excited.I have been looking forward to relax myself.Id like to go swimming，climb moun

23、tains and saw several movies.I can play the basketball with my classmates.How a wonderful time Ill have during the summer holiday! However，my parents think different.They dont want me go out.They are afraid Ill be knocked down by a truck，fall off a tree，or fight about others.Besides，they are worried

24、 that I may lose my ways.I really hate being treated like a bird kept in a cage.To get more freedom，I will try to persuade him.答案 The summer holiday is coming， makes me excited.I have been looking thatwhichforward to myself.Id like to go swimming，climb mountains and relaxrelaxing sawseeseveral movie

25、s.I can play the basketball with my classmates. a wonderful HowWhattime Ill have during the summer holiday! However，my parents think .They dont want me go out.They are afraid Ill be knocked differentdifferently todown by a truck，fall off a tree，or fight others.Besides，they are aboutwithworried that

26、I may lose my .I really hate being treated like a bird kept in waysway8a cage.To get more freedom，I will try to persuade .himthem单元写作An Internet page本单元的写作任务是网页制作，写作话题是地点介绍。地点介绍属于介绍性的说明文，常常是对一个国家、地区或城市的简介，一般包括地理位置、首都或政府所在地、人口、气候、环境、物产与历史文化等。时态常用一般现在时。1is the largest/second largest city in.2.It lies

27、in the north/west/east of.3.It has a population of.4.It has a history of.5.The city is an important centre for politics，business，culture，and industry.6.The history of the city can go back to.7.It is easy to travel between.and.8.In the city，you can enjoy an amazing view of.9is one of the best attract

28、ions in the world.10.In a word/In conclusion，you will not feel lonely wherever you are from.假如你的家乡安庆正在创建一个介绍安庆的网页，学校安排你就如下内容写一篇安庆地区的概况。位于安徽省的西南方，是一个著名的港口城市；有着超过 800年的悠久历史，是中国历史上最早进入工业革命的城市之一；面积 15.3万平方公里，人口将近 610万；是中国京剧和黄梅戏的发源地，有很多值得游览的地方。注意：1.词数 100左右；92.不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节。参考词汇：进行工业革命 embrace the indus

29、trial revolution；发源地 cradle明确要求本文是写一篇介绍一个城市(安庆)的网页，属于介绍性说明文，文中多用数据、事实说明。确定段落Para.1 描述安庆的地理位置、人口、面积等；Para.2 叙述安庆的历史、特色行业；Para.3 介绍安庆的旅游，并欢迎到安庆游览。联想词汇1.港口城市 port city2.占地面积cover an area of.3.涉及，谈及 refer to4.除之外 in addition to.5.特点 character句式升级1.安庆位于安徽省的西南方，是一个著名的港口城市。(一般表达)Anqing lies in the southwes

30、t of Anhui Province.It is a famous port city.(句式升级)Anqing，lying in the southwest of Anhui Province，is a famous port city.(现在分词短语作定语)2.它的面积是 15.3万平方公里，有 610万人口。(一般表达)It covers a total area of 153,000 km 2.It has a population of 6,100,000.(句式升级)It covers a total area of 153,000 km2 with a population o

31、f 6,100,000.(with)3.它是中国最早进入工业革命的城市之一。(一般表达)It is one of the earliest cities in China that embraced the industrial revolution.(句式升级)It is one of the earliest cities in China to embrace the industrial revolution.(不定式作定语)10Anqing，lying in the southwest of Anhui Province，is a famous port city.It covers

32、 a total area of 153,000 km2 with a population of 6,100,000.Anqing has a history of over 800 years.It is also one of the earliest cities in China to embrace the industrial revolution.The first steam engine and the first motor boat in China were made in Anqing.Anqing has long been referred to be the

33、city of culture and the cradle of Peking Opera and Huangmei Opera.In addition to those characters，there are many beauty spots.If you come to Anqing，you can go to climb the Tianzhu Mountain.阅读理解Perhaps you have heard a lot about the Internet，but what is it，do you know？The Internet is a network.It use

34、s the telephone to join millions of computers together around the world.Maybe that doesnt sound very interesting.But when youve joined to the Internet，there are lots and lots of things you can do.You can do with all kinds of information on the World Wide Web (WWW).You can use QQ to chat with your fr

35、iends，and they will make responses in a few seconds.You can send e-mails to your friends，and they can get them in a few seconds.You can also go shopping by the Internet without going out.There are many different kinds of computers now.They all can be joined to the Internet.Most of them are small mac

36、hines sitting on peoples desks at home，but there are still many others in schools，offices or large companies.These computers are owned by people and companies，but no one really owns the Internet itself.There are lots of places for you to go into the Internet.For example，your school may have the Inte

37、rnet.You can use it during lessons or free time.Libraries often have computers joined to the Internet.You are welcome to use it at your spare time.Thanks to the Internet，the world is becoming smaller and smaller.It is possible for you to work at home with a computer in front，getting and sending the

38、information you need.It is also possible for you to discuss some projects or assign the work on the Internet instead of at a meeting.In addition，you can buy 11or sell whatever you want by the Internet.But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English？So what will English be like t

39、omorrow?语 篇 解 读 本 文 介 绍 了 什 么 是 网 络 、 网 络 的 功 能 和 在 人 们 生 活 中 的 广 泛 应 用 。1.What is the passage mainly about?A.Internet. B.Information.C.Computers. D.E-mails.答案 A解析 主旨大意题。本文在第一段点出主题：什么是网络？下文进行了具体介绍。故选 A项。2.Whats the main idea of the second paragraph?A.Doing with information on the Internet.B.Using th

40、e Internet to communicate with friends.C.Going shopping by the Internet.D.Things we can do by the Internet.答案 D解析 段落大意题。本段第二句“But when youve joined to the Internet，there are lots and lots of things you can do.”可知本段主要说了我们能用网络做什么。故选 D项。3.Who is the owner of the Internet?A.The headmaster. B.The officer

41、.C.The manager. D.No one.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“These computers are owned by people and companies，but no one really owns the Internet itself.”可知，没有人能真正拥有网络，故选 D项。4.What does the writer try to tell us with the last two sentences?A.English is important in using the Internet.B.The Internet is more and

42、more popular.C.Most of the information is in English.D.Every computer must have the Internet.答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二句“But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English？”可知，98%的网上信息都是用英语呈现的，说明了英语的重要性。12.完形填空(2017山西怀仁八中高一下检测)It was already late when we set out for the next town， 5 acc

43、ording to the map was about fifteen miles away on the other side of the 6 .There we felt 7 that we would find a bed 8 the night.Darkness fell soon after we left the village，but luckily we met 9 as we drove fast along the narrow winding road that 10 the hills.As we climbed 11 ，it became colder and ra

44、in began to fall， 12 it difficult at times to see the road.I asked John，my companion，to drive more 13 .After we had traveled for about twenty miles，there was still no sign of the town which was 14 on the map.We were beginning to get 15 .Then without warning the car stopped.A quick 16 showed that we

45、had run out of petrol.Although we had little food with us，we decided to 17 the night in the car.Our meal was soon over.I tried to go to sleep at once， 18 John，who was a 19 sleeper，got out of the car after a few minutes and went for a walk 20 the hills.Soon he came back.From the top of the hill he ha

46、d seen，in the valley below，the 21 of the town we were looking for.We at once unloaded(卸) all our luggage and with a great effort， 22 to push the car to the top of the hill.Then we went back to the luggage，loaded the car again and set off down the hill. 23 less than a quarter of an hour we were in th

47、e town，where we found a 24 quite easily.语篇解读 作者和朋友在去一个小镇的路上困难重重，正准备要放弃时，却发现目标就在不远处等着他们。5.A.which B.itC.where D.that答案 A解析 当我们出发去下一个小镇时天色已晚。根据地图，下一个小镇还有大约十五英里远。which引导非限制性定语从句，指上文的 the next town。6.A.rivers B.hills13C.towns D.villages答案 B解析 根据下文中的 climbed可推知下一个小镇是在山的另一边。故选 B。7.A.surprised B.afraidC.pl

48、eased D.sure答案 D解析 我们确定我们将会在那里找到一张床过夜。sure 确信的，必定的。 故选 D。8.A.at B.inC.through D.for答案 D解析 句意参考上题解析。根据语境可知选 D。9.A.everybody B.somebody C.nobody D.anybody答案 C解析 在我们离开村子后不久天就黑了。所幸的是，我们一路开车并没有遇到什么人。故选C。10.A.got to B.arrived atC.led to D.belonged to答案 C解析 狭窄蜿蜒的道路通向山里。lead to 通向。故选 C。11.A.taller B.higherC

49、.lower D.faster答案 B解析 这里指爬山爬得更高些，higher 是 high的比较级，表示“更高的” 。故选 B。12.A.getting B.thinkingC.causing D.making答案 D解析 天变得更冷，开始下雨，有时还难以看清路。此处为 make it adj.to do sth. 结构。故选 D。13.A.certainly B.carefullyC.slowly D.surely答案 C解析 结合语境可知，天黑、下雨路又难走，所以“我”请“我”的同伴约翰开车要再慢一些。slowly 慢慢地。故选 C 。1414.A.marked B.setC.built D.drawn答案 A解析 语境提示应该是地图上标的小镇。mark 标注。故选 A。15.A.excited B.worriedC.cold D.warm答案 B解析 “我们”走了大约二十英里后，仍没有发现地图上标注的那个小镇，当