2019届中考英语复习第一篇语言基础知识第3课七下Units1_5基础知识.docx

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1、1第 3课 七下 Units 15课前预热中考词汇拓展重点易错单词1. join 加入2. guitar 吉他3. club 俱乐部；社团4. talk 交谈；说话5. sometimes 有时6. between 介于之间7. practice 练习8. terrible 可怕的9. panda 熊猫10. animal 动物11. never 从不；绝不12. minute 分钟13. quiet 安静的14. group 组；群15. taste 品尝词汇拓展1. sing（v.） singer （n.）歌手；歌唱家 sang （过去式） sung （过去分词）唱歌2. swim（v.）

2、 swam （过去式） swum （过去分词） swimming （现在分词）游泳3. dance（v.） dancer （n.）跳舞者4. draw（v.） drew （过去式）26. important（adj.） importance （n.）重要性 unimportant （反义词）不重要的27. quiet（adj.） quietly （adv.）安静地；平静地28. noise（n.） noisy （adj.）吵闹的 noisily （adv.）吵闹地29. read（v.） read （过去式/过去分词）读；阅读 reading （n.）阅读2 drawn （过去分词）画5. s

3、tory（n.） stories （pl.）故事；小说6. write（v.） wrote （过去式） written （过去分词）书写 writer （n.）作者；作家7. make（v.） made （过去式/过去分词）使成为；制造8. teach（v.） taught （过去式/过去分词）教；讲授9. tooth（n.） teeth （pl.）牙齿10. usual（adj.） unusual （反义词）不寻常的；与众不同的 usually （adv.）通常地；正常地；一般地；经常地11. work （v. & n.） worker （n.）工人 works （pl.）作品12. fun

4、（n.） funny （adj.）奇怪的；滑稽好笑的13. clean（v.） cleaner （n.）清洁工14. quick（adj.） quickly （adv.）很快地30. terrible（adj.） terribly （adv.）可怕地；糟糕地；极度地31. luck（n.） lucky （adj.）幸运的 luckily （adv.）幸运地32. keep（v.） kept （过去式/过去分词）保持；保留33. learn（v.） learned （过去式/过去分词）学习；学会 learner （n.）学习者34. zoo（n.） zoos （pl.）动物园35. beauty

5、（n.） beautiful （adj.）美丽的；美好的 beautifully （adv.）美丽地；美好地36. Australia（n.） Australian （n. & adj.）澳大利亚人；澳大利亚的，澳大利亚人的37. south（n.） southern （adj.）南方的；在南方的38. Africa（n.） African （adj. & n.）非洲的，非洲人的；非洲人39. sleep（v. & n.） slept （过去式/过去分词）睡觉 sleepy （adj.）困倦的；不活跃的 asleep （adj.）睡着的315. life（n.） lives （pl.）生命；生

6、活16. ride（v.） rode （过去式） ridden （过去分词）骑17. drive（v.） drove （过去式） driven （过去分词）开车；驾驶 driver （n.）驾驶员；司机18. live（v.） alive （adj.）活着的；在世的 lively （adj.）充满活力的；生机勃勃的；活泼的19. across（prep.） cross （v.）穿过；横过；越过 crossing （n.）十字路口20. many（adj.） more （比较级）更多的（地） most （最高级）最多的（地）21. village（n.） villager （n.）村民22. l

7、eave（v.） left （过去式/过去分词）离开；出发23. true（adj.） truly （adv.）真正地 truth （n.）真实；真相24. fight（v.） fought （过去式/过去分40. friend（n.） friendly （adj.）友好的 friendship （n.）友谊；友情41. forget（v.） forgot （过去式） forgotten （过去分词）忘记；遗忘 remember （反义词）记住；记起42. danger（n.） dangerous （adj.）危险的 safety （反义词）安全；安全性；平安43. cut（v.） cutti

8、ng （现在分词） cut （过去式/过去分词）砍；切；割44. speak（v.） spoke （过去式） spoken （过去分词）说（某种语言） ；说话 speaker （n.）讲（某种语言）的人；发言者45. tell（v.） told （过去式/过去分词）告诉；讲述46. early（adv. & adj.） earlier （比较级）较早的（地） earliest （最高级）最早的（地）47. run（v.） ran （过去式）4词）打架；争吵25. bring（v.） brought （过去式/过去分词）拿来；取来；带来 run （过去分词） running （现在分词）奔跑 r

9、unner （n.）跑步者中考词组短语词 组1. play chess下国际象棋2. speak English说英语3. join the swimming club参加游泳俱乐部4. talk to sb. 与某人谈话5. show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看6. be good with. 对有办法；与相处得好7. make friends结交朋友8. help （sb.） with sth. 在某方面帮助（某人）help （sb.） （to） do sth. 帮助（某人）做某事9. on the weekend 在周末10. get up起床11

10、. brush teeth刷牙17. eat quickly吃得快18. take the subway乘地铁19. think of认为20. between.and. 在和之间21. come true实现22. go on a ropeway to cross the river乘索道过河流23. listen to music听音乐24. do the dishes清洗餐具25. be strict with sb. in sth. 对某人在某方面要求严格26. have to wear the school uniform不得不穿校服27. before dinner饭前28. go

11、od luck to sb. 祝某人好运512. take a shower洗淋浴13. take a walk散步14. be late for work上班迟到15. on school days在上学的日子16. go to bed early睡觉早29. walk on two legs两条腿走路30. all day整天31. one of Thailands symbols泰国的象征之一32. lots of大量；许多中考句型回顾书面表达素材 1. 征聘和应聘Can you play the piano or the violin? 你会弹钢琴或拉小提琴吗？Then we need

12、 you to help with sports for English-speaking students.那么我们需要你帮助说英语的学生开展体育活动。Im good at drawing . I want to join the art club.我擅长画画，我想加入艺术俱乐部。Please call Mrs. Miller at 555-3721. 请拨打 555-3721联系 Miller太太。2. 日常活动He always gets dressed at half past six. 他总是在 6：30 穿好衣服。He usually rides a bike to school.

13、/He usually goes to school by bike .7他通常骑车去上学。In the evening, I either watch TV or play computer games.在晚上，我要么看电视，要么玩电脑游戏。3. 规章制度 Dont eat in class. 禁止在课堂上吃东西。We have to be quiet in the library. 我们必须在图书馆保持安静。We must be on time for class. 我们必须准时上课。He has to go to bed before 10:00. 他必须在 10点前睡觉。Its bes

14、t to follow the rules. 最好遵守规则。4. 动物描述People cut down many trees so elephants are losing their homes. 人们砍倒了很多树，因此，大象正渐渐失去它们的家园。We must save the trees and not buy things made of ivory. 我们必须保护树木，并且不要购买象牙制品。Elephants can walk for a long time and never get lost . 大象能够长时间行走而且从不迷路。But elephants are in grea

15、t danger .但是大象正面临着巨大的危机。Elephants are smart animals. They can play soccer or music. 大象是聪明的动物。它们可以踢足球，也可以演奏音乐。8语法精萃 Dont be lazy. Make your bed now. 请不要懒惰，请现在把床整理好。 （祈使句） Can Dave go out on school nights? 戴夫在校期间晚上可以外出吗？（情态动词 can表允许）She could play the guitar when she was five. 她五岁时就能弹吉他了。 （情态动词 can表能力

16、）情景交际 What club do you want to join? 你想参加什么俱乐部？I want to join the storytelling club. 我想参加讲故事俱乐部。 How long does it take to get to school? 到学校要花多长时间？It takes about 15 minutes. 要花大约 15分钟。 How far is it from your home to school? 从你家到学校有多远？Its only about two kilometers . 只有大约 2公里远。 Where are lions from?

17、狮子来自哪里？They are from South Africa. 它们来自南非。Why does your brother like pandas? 你弟弟/哥哥为什么喜欢熊猫？Because theyre kind of interesting . 因为它们有点有趣。What time do you have breakfast? 你几点吃早饭？I have breakfast at a quarter to seven . 我 6：45 吃早餐。课堂突破中考重点单词与短语9一、time 的用法【例句展示】1. What time do you go to school?你几点上学？2.

18、 I play sports three times a week. 我一星期运动三次。【精讲辨析】1. time作不可数名词，意为“时间” 。2. time作可数名词，意为“次数；倍数” 。相关短语：have a good time玩得高兴；at the same time同时；all the time一直；in time及时；on time 准时；at times 有时；from time to time 时常。相关句型：Its time （for sb.） to do sth.=Its time for sth. 到该（某人）做某事的时候了。【活学活用】用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Yo

19、u have been late for school several （time）.Sorry, I wont be late again.2. I am going to London for the summer vacation next month.Have a good （time）!二、show 的用法【例句展示】101. What can you do in the school show?在学校表演会上你会做什么？2. Please show me your photos you took in Emei.请把你在峨眉山拍的照片给我看看。【精讲辨析】1. show作名词，意为

20、“展览” 。2. show作动词，意为“展示” ，用法相当于 give。相关短语：show sth. to sb./show sb. sth.把某物展示给某人看；show the way 指路；on show=on display展览；show sb. around sp. 带领某人参观某地。【活学活用】用 show构成的短语的适当形式填空。1. Could you please your ID card me?Sure.2. The farmer us the farmyesterday.三、taste 的用法【例句展示】1. This tomato tastes sweet. 这个西红柿尝

21、起来是甜的。2. This drink tastes like orange juice. 这份饮料尝起来像橙汁。113. This orange has a sweet taste. 这个橙子有甜味。【精讲辨析】1. taste作连系动词，意为“有味道；尝起来” ，后面跟形容词。2. taste作名词，意为“味道；滋味” 。3. 类似的表示感觉的连系动词还有 look（看起来） ， sound（听起来） ，smell（闻起来） ，feel（摸起来）等。【活学活用】根据汉语提示完成句子。1. What do you think of the soup?It （尝起来） delicious. I

22、s it made by your mother?2. They make different kinds of foods to meet different of customers.四、be good at 的用法【例句展示】1. He is good at singing. 他擅长于唱歌。2. She does well in English. 她英语学得很好。 【精讲辨析】be good at=do well in=be strong in，意为“擅长于；在某方面做得好 ”。at, in是介词，后接名词、代词或动词-ing。其反义短语为：be bad/poor at=do badly

23、 in=be weak in，意为“在方面做得差” 。相关短语：be good for对有好处；be good to=be kind/friendly to对友好；be good with与相处得好。12【活学活用】用适当的介词填空。1. People who are good kids can be our teachers.2. Fruit is good our health.3. He is good telling stories.五、take 的用法【例句展示】It takes me ten minutes to walk there.我花了 10分钟走到那儿。【精讲辨析】take

24、作动词，有多种意思，例句中指“花费” ，它还有“带；拿；乘”等意思，构成短语如下：take sth. with sb.某人随身携带某物；take sth. to. 把某物带到去；take a taxi坐出租车； take some medicine吃药；take off脱下， （飞机）起飞；take sth. away拿走某物；take sth. out of. 从取出来；take ones temperature量体温；take photos拍照；take a vacation去度假；take a walk散步；take part in参加；take care of照看；take pride

25、 in. 对感到自豪；take after. 与像（外貌或行为） ；take it easy放松；take place发生；take an interest in. 对感兴趣；take care 小心；take notes 做笔记。【活学活用】用 take的适当形式填空。1. Lily after her mother. Theyre both quiet.2. It him half an hour to walk there last night.3. They usually the subway to work.134. I have already his temperature.六

26、、stop 的用法【例句展示】1. He is waiting for you at the bus stop.他正在公交车站等你。2. The bus stopped.公交车停了。3. The heavy rain stopped us walking on.大雨阻止我们继续前行。【精讲辨析】1. stop作名词，意为“停靠点” 。2. stop作动词，意为“停止；终止；阻止” 。stop doing 停止做；stop to do停下来去做；stop sb. （from） doing sth. 阻止某人做某事。【活学活用】根据汉语意思翻译句子。1. 我们太累了，必须得停下来休息了。Were

27、too tired. We must .2. 危险。我们必须阻止他在那条河里游泳。Its dangerous. We must in that river.中考重点句型14一、What time is it? 几点了？Its eight twenty. 8：20。【例句展示】Whats the time? 几点了？Its half past nine. 9:30。【归纳提高】询问时间的句式：What time is it?/Whats the time?。时间的表达：8:00 eight oclock8:10 eight ten/ten past eight8:15 eight fifteen

28、/a quarter past eight8:30 eight thirty/half past eight8:40 eight forty/twenty to nine8:45 eight forty-five/a quarter to nine【活学活用】句型转换。1. They got to the station at ten past five. （对画线部分提问）did they to the station?2. School was over at four forty. （改为同义句）School was over at .二、How far is it from his h

29、ome to his school?15他家离学校有多远？【例句展示】1. How long is the river? 这条河有多长？2. How old are you? 你几岁？3. How wide is the Great Wall? 长城有多宽？ 4. How tall is the building? 这座建筑物有多高？【归纳提高】1. how far多远，用于询问两地间的距离。2. How+far/long/tall.?表示疑问，意为“多远/长/高” 。3. from.to. 从到。【活学活用】用适当的词填空。1. How is the baby?It is about eig

30、ht months old.2. How is the tree?Its about 4 meters tall.3. How is it from your home to the bus station?Its about five kilometers.4. How is the sweater?Its 9 dollars.5. Its about 2 kilometers my home the cinema.16三、How does she get to school?她怎样到学校？She usually takes the bus.她通常乘公交车。【例句展示】How does Bo

31、b get to school? 鲍勃怎样到学校？He takes the train. 他乘火车。【归纳提高】take the train 为动词词组，意为 “乘火车” 。其结构为“take+限定词+表示交通工具的名词” 。强调具体的动作，在句中作谓语。take the train to.可与 go to.by train互换，意为“乘火车去某地” 。类似的转换还有：walk to.=go to.on foot；ride to.=go to.by bike （on ones bike)；drive to.=go to.by car （in a car）=take a car to.；fly

32、to.=go to.by plane （on a plane）=take a plane to.；take the bus to.=go to.by bus （on the bus） ；take the subway to.=go to.by subway （on the subway） ；take a taxi to.=go to.by taxi （in a taxi） 。如：He takes the subway to school.=He goes to school by subway. 他乘地铁去学校。17【活学活用】用适当的词填空。Mary usually a bus to sch

33、ool, but today she came her mothers car.中考词语辨析一、house, home 与 family【例句展示】1. He lives in the yellow house. 他住在这座黄色的房子里。2. He is not at home.他不在家。3. My family all get up early.我们全家都起得很早。【辨异突破】三者都是名词，但也有区别。house房子，指居住的建筑物；home 家，指一个人同家人经常共同居住的地方，也可指抽象概念上的“家” ；family 家庭，家庭成员。18【活学活用】用 house, home或 fami

34、ly的适当形式填空。1. He has a big with a beautiful garden.2. Here are some photos of Bettys . In the photos Betty was only five.3. He often gets late on weekdays.4. The birds will lose their if the trees are cut down.二、through, past, cross, across 与 over【例句展示】1. He got into the room through the back door.他通

35、过后门进入了房间。2. She walked past a bank.她路过一家银行。3. Be careful when you cross the street.当你过马路的时候要小心。4. The Great Wall is across the north of China.长城横跨中国的北部。5. There will be a new bridge over the river.河上将会有一座新桥。【辨异突破】1. through作介词，意为“从通过；穿过” ，主要指从物体内部穿过。2. past作介词或副词，意为“经过；路过” ，指从物体的旁边经过。193. cross作动词，意

36、为“穿过；越过；横渡” 。4. across作介词，意为“穿过” ，指从物体的表面上穿过。go/walk/run across=cross；across from 在对面。5. over作介词，意为“在上方” ，指垂直的正上方；也可意为“越过” ，指越过一段距离。【活学活用】用 through, past, cross, across或 over填空。1. The two men run the forest.2. Walk the bridge, and you will see a tall building.3. When I walked him, I found somethings

37、trange on his face.4. The horse jumped a fence and ran away.三、put on, wear, dress 与 in【例句展示】1. He put on his coat.他穿上了他的外套。2. The girl is wearing a red skirt.那女孩穿着一条红色的短裙。203. Please dress the children right now.请立即给孩子们穿上衣服。4. John is in white today.约翰今天穿白色的衣服。【辨异突破】1. put on为动词词组，意为“穿上” ，主要表达“穿”的动作

38、，后接“衣服” 。反义词是take off。2. wear是动词，主要表示“穿；戴”的状态，后接“衣服 ”。be wearing=be in穿着，表示状态。3. dress意为“给穿衣” ，后接“人” 。相关短语：get dressed穿戴好；dress up （as）装扮（成） ；be dressed in=be in穿着，表示状态。4. be in表示 “穿着”的状态，后接 “衣服”或“颜色” 。接颜色表示“穿着某一颜色的衣服” 。【活学活用】用 put on, wear, dress或 in的适当形式填空。1. The old man a pair of glasses is mygra

39、ndfather.2. your sports shoes. Its time to do sports.3. He is old enough to himself.4. The man black is a football coach.四、say, tell, talk 与 speak【例句展示】211. “Please help me do the dishes,” Mary said to me.玛丽对我说：“请帮我洗碗。 ”2. He told me the story.他告诉我这故事。3. They are talking about Confucius.他们在讨论孔子。4. M

40、ichael could speak several languages when he was young.迈克尔年轻时能说好几种语言。【辨异突破】say, tell, talk和 speak都是表示“说”的动词，但其用法有区别。1. say意为“说” ，强调说话的内容。相关短语：say goodbye to sb.对某人说再见；say it in English 用英语说它。2. tell意为“告诉” ，强调讲给别人听。相关短语：tell sb. sth./tell sth. to sb.告诉某人某事；tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事；tell sb. （not） t

41、o do sth.告诉某人（不）做某事；tell a story/joke讲故事/笑话；tell the difference 分辨出区别。3. talk意为“谈论；谈话” ，强调与他人交谈。相关短语：talk to/with sb. 与某人交谈；talk about sth. 讨论某事。talk 还可作名词，相关短语：have atalk with.与交谈。4. speak意为“讲话” ，通常指说话的能力和方式。相关短语：speak to sb.与某人讲话。其后也常接表示语言的名词。如：speak Japanese22讲日语；speak at the meeting 在会上发言【活学活用】用

42、 say, tell, talk或 speak的适当形式填空。1. Mr. Green was with his students when I saw him.2. Excuse me. I cant French. Can you me about it in English?3. He goodbye to his uncle and went home.4. Jack is funny and likes jokes.五、listen, hear 与 sound【例句展示】1. Listen carefully, or you cant hear what I say.仔细听，否则你听

43、不清我说什么。2. It sounds interesting.这听起来有趣。【辨异突破】1. listen作动词，意为“听” ，常与介词 to连用，指努力地去听，强调听的动作。2. hear作动词，意为“听见” ，强调听的结果。3. sound作系动词，意为“听起来” ，其后跟形容词作表语。也可作名词，意为“声音” 。【活学活用】用 listen, hear或 sound的适当形式填空。1. . Someone is knocking at the door.I cant it. Maybe its the wind.232. That song beautiful.中考写作突破自我管理与健

44、康成长篇【话题解读】这是近几年常见的书面表达设题内容，试题主要涉及习惯、食品安全、运动锻炼、健康问题等，此类试题主要以要点提示或者表格提示的方式来考查，文章常采用一般现在时态来表达。【常见表达】1. Heres some advice on how to keep healthy.2. To keep healthy, we should eat less junk food and exercise more.3. Its also a good idea to have more healthy food like fruit and vegetables.4. Drinking milk

45、 is good for your health.5. She usually drinks juice and she hardly ever stays up late.6. I hope you look after your health from now on and live a happy and healthy life forever!【典型例题】（湖州市吴兴区模拟）健康越来越受到人们的关注。假如你是学校的健康达人，受校英语俱乐部的邀请，你将给全体成员做一个主题为“How to Keep Healthy”的报告。请参考下面的提示，完成报告。要求：（1）报告应包含所给提示，并适

46、当发挥；（2）词数：80100。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；（3）文中不得提及自己真实的姓名和校名。提示：sleep, diet, exercise.24Dear friends,Its a great honor to speak here. My topic is “How to Keep Healthy”.Thanks for listening!【范文展示】Dear friends,Its a great honor to speak here. My topic is “How to Keep Healthy”.Im so glad you care about health l

47、ike me. Good health may bring us a long happy life, good work and even better grades. Keeping healthy is really important.As for the secrets of keeping healthy, I think different people have different answers. In my opinion, having a healthy lifestyle is the most important thing. First, its helpful

48、to have enough sleep and a balanced diet. Breakfast is the top meal of the day, so we cant miss it. At the same time, to do some exercise is also important. You should find a physical activity you enjoy and keep on doing it. I have kept playing ping-pong for seven years and I really enjoy doing that. Also, everyone should develop a sense of humor and always be a happy person.I hope you look after your health from now on and live a happy and healthy life forever!Thanks for listening!【亮点点评】1. 该报告条理清晰，从目的到方法到最后的祝愿