2019届中考英语复习第一篇语言基础知识第20课九年级Units11_12基础知识.docx

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1、1第 20课 九年级 Units 1112课前预热中考词汇拓展重点易错单词1. friendship 友谊；友情2. king 国王；君主3. pale 苍白的；灰白的4. queen 王后；女王5. palace 王宫；宫殿6. wealth 财富7. grey 灰色的8. shoulder 肩膀9. goal 球门；射门；目标10. besides 而且；除之外还11. courage 勇敢；勇气12. pull 拉；拖13. backpack 背包；旅行包14. block 街区15. worker 工人；工作者16. above 在上面；在上面17. alive 活着；有生气的18.

2、airport 机场19. till 到；直到20. market 市场；集市21. fool 傻瓜；愚弄22. cancel 取消；终止23. officer 军官24. disappear 消失；不见词汇拓展1. friend（n.） friendly （adj.）友好的 friendship （n.）友谊；友情2. power（n.） powerful （adj.）强大的；有影响力的3. bank（n.） banker （n.）银行家13. expect（v.） expected （adj.）预期要发生的；期待中的 unexpected （adj.）出乎意料的；始料不及的 unexpec

3、tedly （adv.）出乎意料地14. work（v.） worker （n.）工作者；工34. exam（n.） examine （v.） （仔细地）检查；检验5. wealth（n.） wealthy （adj.）富有的6. comfort（v.） comfortable （adj.）使人舒服的；舒适的 uncomfortable （adj. ）使人不舒服的；令人不舒适的7. weigh（v.） weight （n.）重量；体重8. nod（v.） nodded （过去式/过去分词） nodding （现在分词）点头9. agree（v.） agreement （n.） （意见或看法）一

4、致；同意10. disappoint（v.） disappointment （n.）失望；沮丧 disappointing （adj.）令人失望的 disappointed （adj.）感到失望的11. oversleep（v.） overslept （过去式/过去分词）睡过头；睡得太久12. ring（v.） rang （过去式） rung （过去分词） （钟、铃等）鸣；响人15. burn（v.） burned/burnt （过去式/过去分词） burning （现在分词）着火；燃烧16. west（adj. make a decision; make friends with; make

5、 mistakes; make up ones mind to do sth.; make （a） noise; make sb. （feel） at home; make progress in/with; make a living by.; make money; make a fire; make it; make a list of; make a plan for; make soup; make sure; make the bed。【活学活用】A）用所给词或词组的适当形式填空。1. The boss made him_（work） 12 hours a day. He was

6、made to_（feel） very tired.2. The scientist tried his best to make his view_（understand）.133. Grapes can also_（make into） wine.B）选词填空。4. Dont waste paper!It is made_（of/from/into） wood.二、By the time/When.（一般过去时） ，.had done.当时，已经【例句展示】1. By the end of last week, we had learned nine lessons.到上周为止，我们已经学

7、了九课。2. By the time she got up, her brother had already gone into the bathroom.到她起床的时候，她哥哥已经进了浴室。3. When I got to school, I realized I had left my English book at home.当我到学校的时候，我意识到把英语书落在家里了。【归纳提高】例句均用了过去完成时。过去完成时由“助动词 had（用于各种人称和数）+动词的过去分词”构成。其否定形式是在 had后加 not，变疑问句是将 had移到句首。过去完成时的主要用法：1. 表示在过去某一时间之

8、前已经完成的动作或存在的状态（也称为“过去的过去” ） 。过去完成时常用的时间状语有：by the end of.（如例句 1） ；by the time+从句（如例句 2） 。2. 表示过去某一个动作发生在另一个过去的动作之前。先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。从句常用 when, before等引导。例句 3中， “到达”这一动作与“意识到”这一动作基本同时发生，所以都用了一般过去时，而“落在家里”这个动作发生在“意识到”这个动作之前，所以 leave用了过去完成时。14【活学活用】用所给词组的适当形式填空。The plane_（take off） when we got

9、 to the airport.三、Its+形容词+that+从句【例句展示】1. It is crucial that I study for it （the math test） because it makes up 30% of the final exam.它（这次数学考试）占期末考试的 30%，所以为此次考试而学习很重要。2. It is true that I am famous and everyone loves my songs.我很出名，而且每个人都爱我的歌曲，这是真的。【归纳提高】以上例句的结构均是：Its+adj.+that 从句。例句 1中，第一个 it是形式主语，

10、真正的主语是 that I study for it；第二个 it和第三个 it都指代 the math test。例句 2中，it也是形式主语，真正的主语是 that I am famous and everyone loves my songs。【活学活用】根据汉语意思翻译句子。众所周知，这岛屿在历史上一直属于中国。_that this island belongs_ China all the time in history.中考词语辨析一、as, when 与 while15【例句展示】1. He watched TV as he shouted.他一边喊一边看电视。2. It was

11、 snowing when we got to the airport.我们到达机场时，天正下着雪。3. Some students were reading while others were writing.有些学生在读书，而有些学生在写字。4. While we were having a meeting, Li Ming came in.我们正在开会时，李明进来了。【辨异突破】1. as意为“当的时候” ，含有“一边一边”之意，强调的是不同的动作同时发生。2. when意为“当/在的时候” ，主从句所表示的动作、事件可同时发生，也可先后发生。从句的时态多用一般现在时或一般过去时，从句的

12、谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。3. while意为“正在时” ，用于指同时进行的两个延续性动作相伴随而发生，常把同类的两个动作作对比，while 从句中的动词须用延续性动词，从句常用进行时；如果主句和从句中的动作是两个同时进行的动作或事件，那么主句也要用进行时。【活学活用】用 as, when或 while填空。1. I was about to leave home_ the telephone rang.2. My mother was cooking_ my father was16sweeping the floor.二、reply 与 answer【例句展示】1.

13、You must reply to our proposal in two days.两天内你必须要答复我们的提议。2. Can you answer the question?你能回答这个问题吗？3. Have you had an answer to your letter?你收到回信了吗？【辨异突破】1. reply作动词时是不及物动词，一般指回应，不需要确切的答案，意为“回复” 。若要跟宾语则必须加介词 to。2. answer作动词时是及物动词。另外这两个词均可作名词，若想表达“什么的答案”应加介词 to。类似的表达还有：the key to the door（门的钥匙） ，the

14、ticket to the film（电影票） ，the way to.（去的路） ，a visit/trip to.（一次去的旅行），the main entrance to the cinema（电影院主入口）等。【活学活用】用 reply或 answer填空。1. Jenny, could you_ the telephone for me?I am busy cooking.2. I said goodbye to her but she made no_.三、true, truly, truth 与 real【例句展示】171. His words are true.他的话是真的。2

15、. This is a true story.这是个真实的故事。3. Im truly sorry that I hurt you.伤害到了你，我真的很抱歉。4. Let me tell you the truth.让我告诉你真相。5. Santa Claus isnt a real person.圣诞老人不是一个真实的人物。【辨异突破】这四个单词“形似意连” ，但用法却不同。例 1、2 中 true是形容词，意为“真实的” ，强调与实际情况相符，并非杜撰的、捏造的。在句中既可作表语又可作定语。例 3中的 truly修饰形容词 sorry，我们可以知道它是副词，意为“真诚地；衷心地” ；tru

16、ly 也有“确实”的意思。例 4中的 truth是不可数名词，常与 the连用。但当它表示“真理”时，是可数名词。real 强调客观存在，并非想象或虚构，是形容词，意为“真正的” 。【活学活用】根据汉语提示完成句子。1. David, could you please tell me the_（真相）?2. His dream_（实现） at last with his great effort.3. In the end, the_（真正的） criminal was a short and heavy old man.18四、so that, so.that.与 such.that.【例句

17、展示】1. Mr. Wang did not work hard, so that he was out of work when he was young. 王先生工作不努力，因此他年轻时就失业了。2. The little girl was so tired that she couldnt walk farther.那个小女孩太累了，以至于她不能再往前走了。3. He is such a little boy that I cant believe him.他是如此小的一个男孩，以至于我不能相信他。4. Its so good a book that we all like readin

18、g it.=It is such a good book that we all like reading it.这本书太好了以至于我们都喜欢读。【辨异突破】1. so.that.意为“如此以至于” ，引导结果状语从句，so 后接形容词或副词原级。常用于下列结构中：so+形容词/副词形容词+a/an+单数可数名词 many/few+复数可数名词 much/little+不可数名词+that.2. such.that.也表示“如此以至于” ，但 such修饰名词，常用于下列结构中：such+a/an+单数可数名词 a/an+形容词+单数可数名词（形容词+）复数可数名词/不可数名词+that.3.

19、 so that表示“以便；为了”时，引导目的状语从句，从句中的谓语动词常和 can, may, could等情态动词连用；表示“因此；所以”时，引导结果状语从句，从句中一般不用情态动词，在 so that前可以用逗号。19【活学活用】用 so that, so.that.或 such.that.填空。1. Ive got_ many falls_ Im black and blue all over.2. He is_ an honest boy_ we dont believe he told us a hoax.3. There are_ many hot days_ theres li

20、ttle water in the river.4. Please turn on the light_ we can see it clearly.五、relaxed 与 relaxing【例句展示】1. Jim felt very relaxed after listening to that song.听完那首歌后，吉姆感到很放松。2. The party was relaxing. We were all relaxed after it.这场聚会令人放松。聚会过后我们都很轻松。【辨异突破】1. relaxed为形容词，意为“放松的；轻松自在的” ，其主语通常是人。如：Jim seem

21、s to be very relaxed and happy.吉姆看起来非常轻松愉快。2. relaxing也为形容词，意为“使人放松的” ，其主语通常是物。有类似用法的词还有：surprised/surprising, excited/exciting, frightened/frightening, moved/moving等。【活学活用】20用所给词的适当形式填空。The boys like playing basketball because they think they can be_（relax）.六、a bit 与 a little【例句展示】1. Get up a bit/a

22、 little earlier, and you will see the star.起早一点你就会看到这颗星星了。2. He ate a little food/a bit of food this morning.他今天早上吃了一点点食物。3. She is not a little tired.她很累了。4. She is not a bit tired.她一点也不累。【辨异突破】1. 两者都意为“一点儿” ，都用来修饰形容词、副词及其比较级，也可修饰动词。都可修饰不可数名词，但 a little后直接加不可数名词，a bit 后加 of再加不可数名词。2. a bit和 a littl

23、e在否定句中的意思恰恰相反， not a bit相当于 not at all（一点儿也不） ，not a little 相当于 very （much）或 extremely（很；非常） 。【活学活用】根据汉语意思翻译句子。1. 这家酒店小了点。This hotel is_ small.212. 这本书一点也不有趣。The book is not_ interesting.3. 餐桌上还剩下点食物。There was_ food left on the table.当堂检测一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. I am sorry to say Ive_（leave） my key in my ca

24、r.2. The poor girl won first prize_（expect）.3. There are hundreds of_（work） in this small factory.4. We have been friends for nearly twenty years. Nothing can break off our_（friend）.5. He was one of the best_（king） in Chinese history.6. He was_（kick） off the soccer team because of the big mistake he

25、 made.7. She_（nod） to me when she passed me in the street.8. The Internet is_（power） than books. It is influencing our lives a lot.9. You can lose_（weigh） by eating less and keeping exercise more every day.2210. The_（work） are building the subways now. The traffic in our city will be better soon.二、用

26、方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。expect beside disappear agree believe 1. The man_ quietly before I could say thanks to him.2._ singing English songs, you can also learn English by reading English magazines.3. Danny is really a_ man, so he has many good friends.4. The two cities have reached an_ to develop scie

27、nce and technology together.5. Well have a three-day off. All of us couldnt help jumping when hearing the_ news.三、根据短文内容和所给汉语提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。David Beckham is one of the most famous football players in the world. When he was very young, he liked football very much and he spent a lot of time p

28、racticing football. However, his first show in the World Cup 1_（使失望） him in 1998. He was made to leave out of a match. His 2_ （教练） Alex Ferguson didnt feel mad at him. Instead, he told David he should have 3_ （勇气） to get through the difficulty. Alex Ferguson thought a real man should use his 4_ （肩膀）

29、 to accept the weight of much pain, so he 5_ （鼓励） David to go on working hard. He believed David must be able to achieve his dream.David Beckham won many prizes because he was very good at 6_ （踢）football. He said, “My success comes from the team 7_ （力量）. No matter which team I play for, I always coo

30、perate（合作） closely with my 238_ （队友）. I think the good 9_ （友情） in a team is also a kind of 10_ （财富）.”24参考答案课堂突破【中考重点单词与短语】 一、would rather do, play二、1. with 2. With 3. carry 4. helpful三、1. as 2. on 3. at 4. hard-working四、neither, nor五、well, feel like【中考重点句型】 一、1. work, feel 2. understood 3. be made i

31、nto4. from二、had taken off三、Its well-known, to【中考词语辨析】 一、1. when 2. while二、1. answer 2. reply三、1. truth 2. came true 3. real四、1. so, that 2. such, that 3. so, that 4. so that五、relaxed六、1. a little/a bit 2. a bit 3. a little/a bit of当堂检测一、1. left 2. unexpectedly 3. workers 4. 1friendship 5. kings 6. kicked 7. nodded 8. more powerful 9. weight 10. workers二、1. disappeared 2. Besides 3. believable 4. agreement 5. unexpected三、1. disappointed 2. coach 3. courage 4. shoulders 5. encouraged 6. playing 7. power 8. teammates 9. friendship 10. wealth