SANS 4788-2009 Laboratory glassware - Graduated measuring cylinders《实验室玻璃仪器 刻度量筒》.pdf

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1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22990-0 SANS 4788:2009Edition 2ISO 4788:2005Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Laboratory glassware Graduated measuring cylinders Th

4、is national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 4788:2005 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 ww

5、w.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 4788:2009 Edition 2 ISO 4788:2005 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 48, Laboratory Equipment, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance wit

6、h annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in September 2009. This SANS document supersedes SANS 4788:1980 (edition 1 and national amendment 1). Reference numberISO 4788:2005(E)ISO 2005INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO4788Second edition2005-05-01Laboratory glassware Graduated meas

7、uring cylinders Verrerie de laboratoire prouvettes gradues cylindriques SANS 4788:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 4788:2005(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes lice

8、nsing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The IS

9、O Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has be

10、en taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2005 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be repr

11、oduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22

12、749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2005 All rights reservedSANS 4788:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 4788:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved iiiFor

13、eword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a tech

14、nical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

15、 electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated t

16、o the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for

17、 identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 4788 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 48, Laboratory glassware and related apparatus, Subcommittee SC 6, Laboratory and volumetric ware. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4788:1980), which has been technically re

18、vised to incorporate the following changes: a) three types of graduated measuring cylinders have been specified; b) two classes of accuracy have been introduced; c) cylinders of squat form have been added; d) marking of cylinders has been changed; e) capacity at lowest graduation line for 5 ml and 1

19、0 ml cylinders has been increased. SANS 4788:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 4788:2005(E) iv ISO 2005 All rights reservedIntroduction The first edition of this International Standard (ISO 4788:1980) was originally writ

20、ten when the use of measuring cylinders was largely limited to the approximate dispensing of reagents in wet chemical analytical procedures; only one grade of accuracy was specified. More recently, with the increasing demand for accreditation and changing uses to which measuring cylinders are put, a

21、 significant demand has emerged worldwide for a more accurate class to complement the originally specified range. Also, with more work being carried out in laminar-flow cabinets, glove boxes and fume extraction hoods, in which working heights are restricted, a need for short (squat) measuring cylind

22、ers has emerged. This International Standard addresses these two needs, and has been prepared to meet the requirements of ISO 384. This International Standard includes a) spouted measuring cylinders of traditional (tall) form, accuracy classes A and B, b) stoppered measuring cylinders of traditional

23、 (tall) form, accuracy classes A and B, and c) spouted measuring cylinders of squat form, accuracy class B. Class A has been considered for the third type (squat cylinders) but discounted because ISO 384 requirements would only be met by cylinders having manufacturing specifications which would be v

24、irtually impossible to satisfy. SANS 4788:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4788:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 1Laboratory glassware Graduated measuring cylinders 1 Scope This International

25、Standard specifies dimensions, material and constructional and metrological requirements of graduated measuring cylinders of tall form (Type 1a and Type 1b) and of squat form (Type 2). All types are suitable for general laboratory use. The specifications in this International Standard are in conform

26、ity with the principles of design and construction of volumetric glassware given in ISO 384. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edit

27、ion of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 384:1978, Laboratory glassware Principles of design and construction of volumetric glassware ISO 719, Glass Hydrolytic resistance of glass grains at 98 C Method of test and classification ISO 4787, Laboratory glassware Volumetric

28、 glassware Methods for use and testing of capacity 3 Basis of adjustment 3.1 Unit of volume The unit of volume shall be the millilitre (ml), which is equivalent to the cubic centimetre (cm3). 3.2 Reference temperature The standard reference temperature, i.e. the temperature at which the cylinder is

29、intended to contain its nominal capacity, shall be 20 C. When the cylinder is required for use in a country which has adopted a standard reference temperature of 27 C; however, this value shall be substituted for 20 C. SANS 4788:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscriptio

30、n and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 4788:2005(E) 2 ISO 2005 All rights reserved4 Types and classes of accuracy 4.1 Types The following three types of graduated measuring cylinders are specified (see Figure 1): a) tall form with spouted neck Type 1a; b) tall form with stoppered neck Type 1b; c

31、) squat form with spouted neck Type 2. a) Type 1a, Class B b) Type 1b, Class B c) Type 2 Key h1overall height h2internal height to highest graduation line 1 hexagonal or circular base Figure 1 General forms of graduated measuring cylinders 4.2 Classes of accuracy Two classes of accuracy are specifie

32、d: a) Class A for the higher grade (Type 1a and Type 1b only); b) Class B for the lower grade. SANS 4788:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 4788:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 35 Series of capacities and dimensions

33、The three types of cylinder shall have a series of nominal capacities as shown in Table 1 and Table 2. If cylinders of capacities other than those listed below are required, it is recommended that they conform, as far as possible, to the essential requirements of this International Standard. Table 1

34、 Dimensions, subdivisions and limits of error for Type 1 (a and b) cylinders Nominal capacity Overall height Distance from top of scale to top of cylinder Internal height to highest graduation line Sub- divisionsCapacity at lowest graduation line Max. permissible error h1h2 ml ml mm max. mm min. mm

35、min. ml ml max. Class A Class B 5 115 20 55 0,1 1,0 0,05 0,1 10 140 20 65 0,2 1,4 0,1 0,2 25 170 25 85 0,5 2,5 0,25 0,5 50 200 30 110 1 5 0,5 1 100 260 35 145 1 10 0,5 1 250 335 40 200 2 26 1 2 500 390 45 250 5 50 2,5 5 1000 470 50 310 10 100 5 10 2000 570 50 380 20 200 10 20 Table 2 Dimensions, sub

36、divisions and limits of error for Type 2 cylinders Nominal capacity Overall height Distance from top of scale to top of cylinder Internal height to highest graduation line Sub- divisionsCapacity at lowest graduation line Max. permissible error ah1h2ml mm max. mm min. mm min. ml ml max. ml 5 80 25 30

37、 0,5 1 0,2 10 100 30 40 1 2 0,3 25 125 30 65 1 5 0,5 50 150 30 90 1 or 2 10 1 100 170 35 90 2 12 1 250 220 35 125 5 30 2 500 255 50 160 10 60 5 1000 295 50 190 20 100 10 2000 345 50 240 50 200 20 aThese maximum permissible errors correspond to accuracy Class B in accordance with ISO 384. 6 Definitio

38、n of capacity The capacity of a graduated measuring cylinder is defined as the volume of water at 20 C, expressed in millilitres, contained by the cylinder when filled to the highest graduation line. Where, exceptionally, the reference temperature is 27 C, this value shall be substituted for 20 C. S

39、etting the meniscus shall be performed according to ISO 4787. The meniscus is set so that the plane of the top edge of the graduation line is horizontally tangential to the lowest point of the meniscus, the line of sight being in the same plane. SANS 4788:2009This s tandard may only be used and prin

40、ted by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 4788:2005(E) 4 ISO 2005 All rights reserved7 Maximum permissible error Maximum permissible errors in capacity shall not exceed the values specified in Table 1 for Type 1 cylinders, and in Table 2 for Type 2 cylinders. These errors

41、 represent the maximum permissible error at any point on the scale, and also the maximum permissible difference between the errors at any two points. 8 Material The cylinders shall be manufactured from glass of hydrolytic class not lower than HGB3 in accordance with ISO 719. The glass shall be as fr

42、ee as possible from visible defects, and steps shall be taken in manufacture to ensure that it is reasonably free from internal stress. 9 Construction and form 9.1 Wall thickness The cylinders shall be sufficiently robust in construction to withstand usual laboratory usage, and the wall thickness sh

43、all show no gross departure from uniformity. 9.2 Stability The cylinders shall stand vertically without rocking or spinning when placed on a level surface. They shall not topple when placed empty (without stopper, if provided) on a surface inclined at an angle of 15 to the horizontal. 9.3 Base The b

44、ase may be integral, of glass, or it may be detachable, of a suitable plastics or other material, and may be either hexagonal or of other form provided the cylinder satisfies the requirements of 9.2. 9.4 Rim and spout 9.4.1 The rim of the cylinder shall be fire-polished and shall lie in a plane at r

45、ight angles to the axis of the cylinder. 9.4.2 The spout of a Type 1a spouted cylinder shall be so formed as to enable the contents of the cylinder to be poured out in a narrow stream without spilling or running down the outside of the cylinder. 9.5 Neck and stopper On a Type 1b stoppered cylinder,

46、the neck shall be ground to a suitable socket size, preferably selected from ISO 383. A well-fitting stopper of glass or suitable inert plastics material shall be supplied. If individually ground stoppers are supplied, each stopper, and the cylinder it fits, shall be marked with an identification nu

47、mber. 9.6 Dimensions Type 1 (a and b) cylinders shall comply with the dimensional requirements given in Table 1. In the case of a stoppered cylinder, the “overall height” shall be considered to be the height to the base of the ground neck (see Figure 1, Type 1b). Type 2 cylinders shall comply with t

48、he dimensional requirements given in Table 2. SANS 4788:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 4788:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 510 Graduation and figuring 10.1 Graduation The graduation of all cylinders within this

49、specification shall be in accordance with ISO 384:1978, Clause 9, Graduation pattern II in the case of Class A cylinders and Graduation pattern III in the cases of Class B and Type 2 measuring cylinders. 10.2 Figuring Figuring shall be in accordance with ISO 384:1978, 10.4. 11 Accuracy testing Testing of capacity and accuracy shall be performed in accordance with ISO 4787. 12 Marking 12.1 The following shall be permanently marked on each cylinder: a) number indicating the nominal capacity; b) the symbol “