SANS 10211-2008 The measurement of noise inside motor vehicles《在机动车辆内部的噪声测量》.pdf

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1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-18887-0 SANS 10211:2008Edition 1.2 Any reference to SABS 0211 is deemedto be a reference to this standard(Government Notice No. 1373 of 8

4、November 2002)SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD The measurement of noise inside motor vehicles Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 102

5、11:2008 Edition 1.2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Amdt 1 2000 Amended to update referenced standards. Amdt 2 2008 Amended to change the designation of SABS standards to SANS standards, and to update referenced standards. Acknowledgement Standards South Africa wishes to acknowledge the valua

6、ble assistance derived from publications of the following organizations: Economic Commission for Europe International Organization for Standardization International Electrotechnical Commission Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee StanSA TC 76, Acoustics, electro-ac

7、oustics and vibration, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in February 2008. This document supersedes SABS 0211:2000 (edition 1.1). A vertical line in the margin shows where the text has been techni

8、cally modified by amendment No. 2. SANS 10211:2008 Edition 1.2 1 Contents Page Acknowledgement Foreword 1 Scope 3 2 Definitions . 3 3 Measuring equipment . 4 3.1 Meter 4 3.2 Calibration source. 5 3.3 Microphone. 5 3.4 Tachometer 5 4 Calibration. 5 5 Conditions of measurement 5 5.1 Test site 5 5.2 Me

9、teorological conditions. 5 5.3 Ambient noise. 5 5.4 Condition of the vehicle 6 5.5 Loading of the vehicle 6 5.6 Openings, windows, auxiliary equipment and adjustable seats. 6 6 Measuring procedure 6 6.1 General conditions of test. 6 6.2 Steady speed test. 7 6.3 Acceleration test. 7 6.4 Stationary te

10、st. 8 7 Microphone position 8 7.1 Microphone position in the vehicle . 8 7.2 Microphone position with respect to a seat 9 7.3 Microphone position for standing locations 9 7.4 Microphone position in sleeping berths 9 8 Measurement positions. 9 8.1 Measurement positions common to all vehicles. 9 8.2 A

11、dditional measurement positions . 9 8.3 Identification of measurement positions. 10 SANS 10211:2008 Edition 1.2 2 Contents (concluded) Page Figures 1-2 11 Appendix A Applicable standards . 12 Appendix B The influence of different road surfaces on test results 12 Appendix C Guidance on information to

12、 be included in test reports. 12 Appendix D A guide to the anthropometric characteristics of South African persons considered to be of adult build 13 SANS 10211:2008 Edition 1.2 3 The measurement of noise inside motor vehicles 1 Scope 1.1 This code of practice covers the measurement of noise inside

13、category M2, M3, N2 and N3 vehicles (excluding electrically driven vehicles) that are intended for use on public roads. 1.2 This code of practice does not cover noise level limits. NOTE a) This code is based on ISO 5128, Acoustics Measurement of noise inside motor vehicles and ECE Draft Regulation T

14、RANS/WP.29/R.821 annex 8, Methods and instruments for measuring noise inside motor vehicles. Amdt 1 b) The terms “noise“ and “sound“ are used interchangeably throughout this code. Wherever these terms appear in this code, they have the same meaning. c) The standards referred to in the code are liste

15、d in appendix A. d) Information on the influence of different road surfaces on test results is given in appendix B. e) Recommendations regarding the information to be supplied in test reports are given in appendix C. f) A guide to the anthropometric characteristics of South African persons considere

16、d to be of adult build is given in appendix D. 2 Definitions 2.1 For the purposes of this code the following definitions shall apply: A-weighted sound pressure level A-weighted sound level LpA the value of the sound pressure level, in decibels, determined by using a frequency-weighting network A, an

17、d derived from the relation: LpA = 20 log (pA/po) where pA = the A-weighted sound pressure po = the reference sound pressure (po = 20 Pa) SANS 10211:2008 Edition 1.2 4 background noise any noise at the test site (other than noise emitted by the vehicle under test) that is recorded by the microphone

18、at the time of testing category M vehicle a passenger motor vehicle that has at least four wheels, or that has three wheels and a maximum mass exceeding 1 t, and that falls into one of the following subcategories: a) category M2 a motor vehicle used for the conveyance of passengers and that has seat

19、ing accommodation for more than eight passengers in addition to the driver of the vehicle, and a maximum mass not exceeding 5 t b) category M3 a motor vehicle used for the conveyance of passengers and that has seating accommodation for more than eight passengers in addition to the driver of the vehi

20、cle, and a maximum mass exceeding 5 t category N vehicle a goods motor vehicle that has at least four wheels, or that has three wheels and a maximum mass exceeding 1 t, and that falls into one of the following subcategories: a) category N2 a motor vehicle used for the conveyance of goods and that ha

21、s a maximum mass of more than 3,5 t but not more than 12 t b) category N3 a motor vehicle used for the conveyance of goods and that has a mass exceeding 12 t logarithm log a logarithm to the base 10 maximum power the maximum power developed by the vehicles engine, as specified by the manufacturer ma

22、ximum power speed the engine rotational speed for maximum power as specified by the manufacturer of the vehicle vehicle any vehicle of category M2, M3, N2 or N3 3 Measuring equipment NOTE Automatic measuring systems and calibration assemblies may be used, provided that the characteristics of the ass

23、emblies comply with all the relevant requirements of 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3. 3.1 Meter A sound level meter that complies with the requirements for type 1 instruments given in SANS 656, SANS 658, SANS 61672-1 and SANS 61672-2. Measurements shall be carried out using the time-weighting F and the frequency-w

24、eighting A. Amdt 2 SANS 10211:2008 Edition 1.2 5 3.2 Calibration source An acoustic source designed for use with the particular meter specified in 3.1 and that has (preferably) a single frequency sound output, the sound level of which (at ambient temperature and pressure) is known to within 0,3 dB.

25、3.3 Microphone An omnidirectional microphone suitable for use with the meter specified in 3.1. 3.4 Tachometer A tachometer external to the vehicle, with an accuracy of 3 % of the full scale deflection. 4 Calibration 4.1 Ensure that all items of measuring or calibrating equipment used are calibrated

26、(by a laboratory that has the necessary facilities) at intervals not exceeding one year, and that they comply with all the relevant requirements of section 3. 4.2 Using the calibration source, check the performance of the sound level meter immediately before and after each series of sound measuremen

27、ts, and consider the test results invalid if the two sound level meter readings differ by more than 1,0 dB. 5 Conditions of measurement 5.1 Test site The test site shall be such that the sound radiated by the vehicle contributes to the internal sound level by means of reflections from the road surfa

28、ce only, i.e. not also from buildings, walls or similar large objects outside the vehicle. During the period of measurement, the distance of the vehicle from large objects shall be greater than 20 m. The test track shall be hard and as smooth and level as possible, without gaps, ripples or similar m

29、acrotexture of surface roughness that might contribute to the internal sound levels of vehicles. The surface1shall be dry and free from dirt, stones, leaves, etc. 5.2 Meteorological conditions The ambient air temperature shall be in the range -5 C to +35 C. Along the test track the wind speed at a h

30、eight of approximately 1,2 m shall not exceed 5 m/s. Other meteorological conditions shall be such that they do not influence the measurements. 5.3 Ambient noise For all measurements of A-weighted sound pressure levels, the lower limit of the dynamic range set by the background noise level and by th

31、e inherent noise level of the measuring equipment shall be at least 10 dB below the sound level produced by the vehicle. 1 See appendix B. SANS 10211:2008 Edition 1.2 6 5.4 Condition of the vehicle 5.4.1 During the test, all operating conditions of the engine shall comply with the specifications sta

32、ted by the manufacturer for the test conditions (e.g. fuel, lubricating oil, timing of ignition or fuel injection pump, etc.). The engine shall be stabilized at its normal operating temperature immediately before the commencement of the test (e.g. by driving the vehicle at a medium speed for an adeq

33、uate distance). 5.4.2 The tyres of the vehicle under test shall be of the type normally fitted to the vehicle by the vehicle manufacturer, and shall be inflated to the pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer. If the use of off-road tyres is stated by the vehicle manufacturer as being option

34、al, tyres for road use shall be fitted for the purpose of the test. The tyres shall be nearly new, but shall have covered a distance of at least 300 km. The make and type of the tyres and the inflation pressure at the time of testing shall be stated in the test report. If it is considered that out-o

35、f-balance wheels may affect the internal noise level of the vehicle, the wheels shall be either statically or dynamically balanced, as necessary. 5.4.3 If the engine coolant radiators are equipped with devices such as flaps, the measurements shall be carried out with the devices in their normal oper

36、ating position. During the test, the engine cooling fan shall operate normally. 5.5 Loading of the vehicle The vehicle shall be unladen. No more than two persons (the driver and the observer) shall be present in the cabs of trucks and similar vehicles, and no more than four persons (the driver and t

37、hree observers) shall be present in vehicles that have more than eight seats. 5.6 Openings, windows, auxiliary equipment and adjustable seats Openings such as skylights, windows and ventilating inlets and outlets shall be shut, if possible. Auxiliary equipment such as windscreen wipers, heating or v

38、entilating fans and air-conditioners shall not operate during the tests, unless this equipment is automatic in operation. Adjustable seats shall be set in the mid-positions of both the horizontal and vertical ranges of adjustment. If the back-rests of seats are adjustable, they shall be set as near

39、to the vertical position as possible. Adjustable head-rests shall be set at the mid-position. NOTE a) In vehicles that are not equipped with air-conditioning, it is desirable to take additional measurements when investigating the noise levels to which passengers will be exposed under normal operatin

40、g conditions. Conduct these tests with the ventilation inlets and the drivers window fully open, and with all other windows half open. b) With the drivers window fully open, the internal air turbulence within the vehicle will necessitate the use of a windscreen on the microphone, in which case its e

41、ffect on the readings shall be taken into account. c) The Authority administering this code may carry out tests additional to those described in (a) above, at its discretion. 6 Measuring procedure 6.1 General conditions of test 6.1.1 At least two measurements shall be made at each microphone positio

42、n and for each operating condition. If the spread of readings of the level obtained under any measuring condition exceeds 3 dB, further measurements shall be made until the readings from two independent SANS 10211:2008 Edition 1.2 7 successive measurements fall within a range of 3 dB. The mean value

43、 of these two readings shall be taken as the test result. NOTE The spread of the readings of the sound levels obtained with open windows and ventilation inlets could possibly exceed 3 dB, in which case the mean value of the readings shall still be taken as the test result. 6.1.2 The sound levels whi

44、ch are to be stated in the test report shall be rounded to the nearest integral decibel. 6.1.3 Any peak that is obviously out of character with the general sound level being read shall be ignored. 6.1.4 Whenever the sound level meter reading fluctuates, the mean value of the readings shall be determ

45、ined, disregarding any occasional extreme peaks. 6.1.5 The presence of clearly audible pure tones or noise of distinct impulse character shall be noted in the test report. 6.2 Steady speed test 6.2.1 The sound level shall be determined at at least five speeds that are equally spaced so as to cover t

46、he range 60 km/h, or 40 % of the maximum rated vehicle speed (whichever is lower) to 120 km/h, or 80 % of the maximum rated vehicle speed (whichever is lower). 6.2.2 The measurements shall be performed by one of the following methods: a) By slow acceleration over the specified speed range at a rate

47、of acceleration (e.g. 0,1 m/s2 ) that is low enough to provide the same sound levels as those obtained at the corresponding steady speeds, the values being read at the selected speeds; or b) by running the vehicle steadily at each of the selected speeds in turn, and reading the corresponding sound l

48、evel values. For each constant speed condition, the sound level shall be averaged over at least 5 s. 6.2.3 For each test speed, the vehicle transmission shall be set at the highest overall transmission ratio. 6.3 Acceleration test 6.3.1 Initial conditions The initial conditions shall be as follows:

49、a) For a vehicle with a manually operated gear box 1) The gear setting shall be the highest that makes the test possible without the vehicle exceeding 120 km/h. The setting shall not be changed during the test. SANS 10211:2008 Edition 1.2 8 If, at an engine speed of 90 % of the maximum power speed, a road speed of 120 km/h is exceeded in top gear, a lower gear shall be selected, but no lower than third gear for a gearbox that has four or more forward speeds, and no lower than second gear for a three-speed gearbox. If 120 km/h is still exceeded in this lower gear, the vehicle shall