SAE J 1366-1994 Rating Lift Cranes Operating on Platforms in the Ocean Environment.pdf

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1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there

2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2017 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p

3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497

4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/J1366_201710 SURFACE VEHICLE INFORMATION REPORT J1366 OCT2017 Issued 1994-10 Reaffirmed 2017-10

5、 Superseding J1366 NOV2007 Rating Lift Cranes Operating on Platforms in the Ocean Environment RATIONALE SAE J1366 has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE Five-Year Review policy. 1. ScopeThe scope of this SAE Information Report is limited to a lift crane mounted on a fixed or floatingplatform, li

6、fting loads from a vessel alongside. The size of the vessel is assumed not to exceed that of aworkboat as defined in 3.15.1.1 PurposeThe purpose of this document is to establish the design dynamic loads, the calculation proceduresfor rated loads, and a load-rating chart format for lift cranes operat

7、ing in a variety of sea conditions.2. References2.1 Applicable PublicationsThe following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specifiedherein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply.2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATIONSAvailable from SAE, 400 Commonweal

8、th Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.SAE J959Lifting Crane, Wire-Rope Strength FactorsSAE J987Rope Supported Lattice-Type Boom Crane StructuresMethod of TestSAE J1093Latticed Crane Boom SystemsAnalytical Procedure2.1.2 OTHER PUBLICATIONS1. American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc. (AISC), “Manua

9、l of Steel Construction,” Eighth Edition(or more current), Chicago, IL, 19802. American Petroleum Institute (API) 2C 1988 Standard3. J. J. Meyers, C. H. Holm, and R. F. McAllister, “Handbook of Ocean and Underwater Engineering,”McGraw-Hill Book Company, 19694. J. S. Bendat and A. G. Piersol, Random

10、Data: “Analysis and Measurement Procedures,” New York,NY, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 19715. M. S. Lonjuet-Higgins, “On the Statistical Distribution of the Heights of Sea Waves,” Journal of MarineResearch, Vol. II, No. 3, 1952, pp. 2452666. W. J. Pierson, Jr., G. Newman, and R. W. James, “Practical M

11、ethods for Observing and ForecastingOcean Waves by Means of Wave Spectra and Statistics,” U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office PublicationNumber 603, Washington, DC, 1955, Reprinted 1960 and 19677. J. M. Gere and W. Weaver, Jr., “Analysis of Framed Structure,” New York, NY, Van Nostrand ReinholdCompany, 19

12、65SAE INTERNATIONAL J1366 OCT2017 Page 2 of 21 2.2 Related PublicationsThe following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not arequired part of this document.1. Civil Engineering Laboratory, Technical Memorandum M-51-76-11: “Dynamic Vertical Forces on aCrane Loading (Unloa

13、ding) a Floating Platform,” by C. C. Ward, Port Hueneme, CA, Sept. 19762. K. V. Johnson, “Theoretical Overload Factor Effect of Sea State on Marine Cranes,” Paper presented atOffshore Technology Conference, 1976 (Paper No. OTC 2584)3. Civil Engineering Laboratory, Technical Note N-1371: “The Motion

14、of Floating Advanced BaseComponents in Shoal WaterA Comparison Between Theory and Field Test Data,” by D. A. Davis andH. S. Zwibel, Port Hueneme, CA, Jan. 19854. V. L. Streeter, “Fluid Mechanics,” McGraw-Hill Book Co., 19665. T. C. Gillmer, “Fundamentals of Construction and Stability of Naval Ships,

15、” United States NavalInstitute, 19693. Definitions3.1 Significant ValueThe average of the highest one-third of given population values. Population values mayrefer to wave height, roll, pitch, or yaw angles, etc. The significant value is twice the standard deviation,assuming a zero mean time history.

16、3.2 Sea StateAn indicator relating the height of the waves to sea conditions in relative terms.3.3 Wave Instrument ReadingUsed on the load rating chart indicates the value obtained from a wave buoy or awave staff that relates to the sea conditions. The wave instrument reading can be analyzed to form

17、 the ratio ofthe average wave height to the average period (H/T).3.4 Wave HeightThe vertical distance from wave crest to trough.3.5 SurgeThe single amplitude (SA) fore and aft ship motion along the longitudinal axis through the center ofgravity (see Figure 1).3.6 SwayThe SA athwart ship motion along

18、 the transverse axis through the center of gravity (see Figure 1).3.7 HeaveThe SA vertical ship motion along the vertical axis through the center of gravity (see Figure 1).3.8 RollThe SA angular ship motion about the longitudinal axis through the center of gravity (see Figure 1).3.9 PitchThe SA angu

19、lar ship motion about the transverse axis through the center of gravity (see Figure 1).3.10 YawThe SA angular ship motion about the vertical axis through the center of gravity (see Figure 1).3.11 OffleadThe percent slope from the vertical in the vertical plane of the boom that locates the position o

20、f theload with respect to the tip of the boom.3.12 SideleadThe percent slope from the vertical normal to the vertical plane of the boom that locates theposition of the load with respect to the tip of the boom.3.13 Dynamic Rated Load (WD)The maximum load that can be lifted under specified dynamic con

21、ditions withoutexceeding allowable strength limits.3.14 Static Rated Load (WS)75% of the maximum load that can be lifted under normal land conditions withoutexceeding allowable strength limits.3.15 A Typical WorkboadA vessel of 180-ft length, 40-ft beam, and 1500-long-ton displacement.SAE INTERNATIO

22、NAL J1366 OCT2017 Page 3 of 21 FIGURE 1PLATFORM MOTION COORDINATE SYSTEM3.16 ListThe angle of inclination of ship about the longitudinal axis through the center of gravity.3.17 TrimThe angle of inclination of ship about the transverse axis through the center of gravity.3.18 Load Hoist Line VelocityT

23、he full load hoist speed at the drum based on the maximum rated load for thespecified rope.4. ApplicationsThis document establishes a method of arriving at standard dynamic loads presumed to act ona crane operating in various specified sea conditions. The load factors are used to determine dynamic r

24、atedloads for the crane when operating in the specified sea conditions. The dynamic loads specified were arrivedat by consultations between crane manufacturers, users, and Navy personnel on the interaction betweenenvironmental effects and ship motions.4.1 Crane Manufacturers ResponsibilityTo calcula

25、te the static- and dynamic-rated capacity of the crane forthe standard specified sea conditions and to publish the rating chart.4.2 Users ResponsibilityTo determine sea condition existing when lift work is to be performed so that theproper rated-load column can be selected. The sea condition may be

26、determined by consultation with on-siteexpert personnel such as ship captain, lift-work superintendent, etc. The appropriate rating thus determinedshould be relayed to the crane operator and stay in effect until similarly revised.4.3 Customers ResponsibilityProvide the crane manufacturer with the re

27、quired response-amplitude operatorsfor the crane supporting vessel. The heave, roll, and pitch response-amplitude operators for a 135 degreeincident wave shall be provided for the desired operating water depth.The response-amplitude operators are complex numbers in polar form for each wave frequency

28、 to beconsidered. They are expressed in terms of the modulus (feet/foot or radius/foot) and amplitude (radians).Additionally, the customer shall specify the location of the crane on the deck of the supporting vessel and theheight of the deck above the water. The customer shall also provide the neces

29、sary crane parameters such asthe desired boom length and number of parts of load hoist line. The customer-supplied information will beused as input for the rating software described in Appendix A.SAE INTERNATIONAL J1366 OCT2017 Page 4 of 21 4.4 Special Considerations Affecting Application4.4.1 Balla

30、sting systems capable of reducing load-induced platform motion throughout the crane operatingprocedure(s) are to be considered in determination of list and trim loading on the crane (Appendix B).4.4.2 A mooring system of anchor winches capable of adequately limiting platform response to wave action

31、is to beconsidered in determination of platform motion response factors.4.4.3 A heave-compensating device used in the load-hoist system may allow an increase in the dynamic ratedload. The amount of reduction should be based on the crane manufacturers interpretation of performancetest data.4.4.4 For

32、loads lifted from a platform on which a crane is mounted, VD, AD, and VBPin Equation 2 are assumedzero, and the picking peak dynamic load is greatly reduced. A rated load greater than the static rated load asdefined in 6.3 shall not be used.4.4.5 After the crane lifts the load, the load rating shoul

33、d consider boom point acceleration and load pendulationeffects (see Section 9).5. Dynamic LoadThe dynamic load being addressed is imposed on the crane at the time of load liftoff from themoving deck of the vessel alongside. Additionally, consideration is directed to the effects of the horizontaldisp

34、lacement in the plane of the boom and normal to the plane of the boom caused by surge and sway of thevessel.After studying the motions of a workboat, it is assumed that the vertical motion follows wave amplitude and thathorizontal motions include sway, surge, and yaw, but exclude drift.The vertical

35、dynamic load, P (lb), that occurs when the lifted load, W (lb), is directly under the boom tip is givenby the equation:(Eq. 1)where:g = acceleration due to gravity (ft/s2)K = vertical structural stiffness component with the load force at appropriate offlead (lb/ft)VD= vertical velocity of the workbo

36、at deck at the pick point (ft/s)VH= velocity of the load hook which includes the load hoist line velocity, parts of line, and the boom pointvelocity VBP(ft/s)AD= acceleration of the workboat deck at the pick point (ft/s2)Since Equation 1 is a quadratic equation in terms of W, Equation 1 may be solve

37、d for W and called WD:(Eq. 2)Tp W 1KgW VDVH+()2ADg2+12+=1WDB B4AC2A=SAE INTERNATIONAL J1366 OCT2017 Page 5 of 21 where:(Eq. 3)Wave heights and periods, VD, AD, and VBPare calculated considering the sea spectrum, ship motionresponse to the spectrum sea, and boom point position. The values for VD, AD,

38、 and VBPselected for ratingpurposes, are 90% probability of occurrence values (see Appendix A). The crane is assumed to be in a ratingposition as shown in Figure 2. Implicit in Equation 2 are the dynamic effects of picking peak dynamic load aswell as sidelead and offlead effects.FIGURE 2STANDARD CRA

39、NE RATING CONDITIONS: CRANE ORIENTATION AND SEA DIRECTIONSee Table 1 for sidelead and offlead values. Equation 2 is to be used to calculate a series of values for WDcorresponding to values of H/T, such as those listed in Figure 3.APmax2B2PmaxKVDVH+()2gC1ADg2=SAE INTERNATIONAL J1366 OCT2017 Page 6 of

40、 21 FIGURE 3MARINE CRANE RATING CHART FOR FLOATING PLATFORMTABLE 1PERCENT OFFLEAD AND SIDELEAD(1)1. Alternatively,Minimum sidelead not to be less than 2.7% of static load Ws.BeaufortWindHeightSignificantWaveHeightH1/3(ft)WaveAveragePeriodT(s)AverageWaveLength(ft)WaveInstrument(2)Reading,H/T(ft/s)2.

41、Readings taken at the center of the Beaufort Wind Force range (table 11-10, Reference 1).Offlead(%)Sidelead(%)Static 0 02.7Dynamic3 1.0 2.4 20.0 0.26 6 34 2.9 3.9 52.0 0.46 8 45 6.9 5.4 99.0 0.79 12 66 13.0 7.0 164.0 1.15 16 87 23.0 8.7 258.0 1.64 22 11% offlead or sidelead180 ft()% indicated()boom

42、tip height above boat deck=SAE INTERNATIONAL J1366 OCT2017 Page 7 of 21 6. Calculation ProcedureThe dynamic rating calculation procedure outlined as follows is implemented incomputer software which is described in Appendix A. The calculated dynamic rated loads (WD) will notproduce a peak dynamic loa

43、d that will exceed the land rated load (PL).6.1 Land Rated LoadBegin the calculation procedure with a land rated load (PL) for each WDthat will be listedon the dynamic-rating chart. The land rated load, PL, is determined by referencing strength margins tostandard industry test practice for land cran

44、es, without limitations due to the number of parts of load hoist line.This paragraph does not imply that a crane test is required; however, it does imply that the crane has beenproperly rated for land use, that is, it would pass SAE J987 if tested.6.1.1 Strength margins for land rated loads in all a

45、reas above the top slewing ring mounting face shall be not lessthan those specified in SAE J987 (structures) and SAE J959 (ropes) with an applied vertical load PLthat hasbeen modified to include an out of plane side load and optionally inplane offlead according to Table 1 foreach sea state shown in

46、the dynamic rating chart. The SAE J987 test rated crane may be derated foradditional effect of sideleads in excess of 2.0% x PLusing calculation procedures such as those specified inSAE J1093.6.1.2 Strength margins for land rated loads in all areas below the bottom of the slewing ring mounting face

47、shallnot be less than those specified in Section 5 of the AISC Manual of Steel Construction (Reference 1) with1.5 PLas the applied load, or 1.5 times the strength margin specified by SAE J987 when calculated or testedwith 1.0 PLas the applied load (see 6.1).6.1.3 The strength margin within the swing

48、 circle assembly including fasteners shall be such that the computedstress with dead load plus 3.75 PLshall not exceed the engineering ultimate tensile strength of the material.6.2 Calculate PmaxFor each WDto be shown find Pmax, the smallest of(Eq. 4)which accounts for offlead when offlead is not considered in 6.1.1 or(Eq. 5)which accounts for the number of parts of line where:PL= the land rated load (lb) = the boom angle (degrees) = the offlead angle (degrees)NP= the number of parts of line in the load-hoist systemFBS= the load-hoist line breaking s